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To Ernst Haeckel   6 December [1865]

Summary

Not surprised at delay of his book [Generelle Morphologie (1866)].

P. M. Duncan taking side of evolution.

Has received paper on Geryonidae ["Über eine neue Form des Generationswechsels bei den Medusen", Monatsber. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (1865): 85–94]. Had often speculated on whether such a case ever occurred in nature.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Date:  6 Dec [1865]
Classmark:  Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A–Abt. 1: 1–52/7)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4947

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To Ernst Haeckel   6 December [1865] …
  • … Letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 . In his letter of 11 November 1865 , Haeckel …
  • … died on 16 February 1864 (see letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  13). …
  • … See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  7. On Haeckel’s …
  • … 1865d . See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and nn.  9 and 11. Haeckel 1864   …
  • Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A–Abt. 1: 1–52/7) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Dec [1865] …
  • 1865. ] Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 21: 349–63. Haeckel, Ernst. …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 9 March 1864  and nn.  3 and 4. In a paper read to the Geological Society of London on 8 March 1865, …

From Ernst Haeckel   11 November 1865

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Summary

Has heard from Huxley that CD has been ill.

Progress on his book [Generelle Morphologie (1866)] has been slow.

Has been named "ordentlicher Professor". Has 150 listeners in his lectures on CD’s theory.

Thanks CD for copy [of "Climbing plants"].

Sends his book [Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Hydromedusen, 1. Heft: Die Familie der Rüsselquallen (Geryonidae) (1865)] and two articles.

Calls attention to a new rhizopod from Nice.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Nov 1865
Classmark:  DAR 166: 40
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4934

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From Ernst Haeckel    11 November 1865
  • … DAR 166: 40 Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel Jena 11 Nov 1865 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 9 [July 1864] ). On the reception of CD’s theory in Germany, see letter from T.  H. Huxley, 29 May 1865   …
  • 1865. ] Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 9 (1867): 1–118. Correspondence : The correspondence of Charles Darwin. Edited by Frederick Burkhardt et al. 29 vols to date. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985–. Haeckel, Ernst. …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 26 October 1864 . CD’s annotated copy of Haeckel 1866  is in the Darwin Library–CUL (see Marginalia 1: 355–7). Haeckel succeeded Carl Gegenbaur as director of the Zoological Museum in Jena in 1862, and began a programme of improvement and acquisition. In the summer of 1865, …

From Ernst Haeckel   11 January 1866

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Summary

Comments on CD’s health.

Discusses origin of life and differentiation of principal classes of plants and animals.

Discusses Generelle Morphologie and its chapter on embryological development.

His lectures on CD’s theory.

Asks CD for larger portrait of himself and for several copies of the small photograph. Will send photographs of German scientists in exchange.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Jan 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4973

Matches: 7 hits

  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 ). Williams & Norgate , booksellers …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and nn.  11 and 12); a protoplasmic …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  4). Inside the back cover …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  13). There are …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 ). Records of the university of Jena …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 30 December [1863] – 3 January [1864] ). In his letter of 11 November 1865 , …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 19 July [1864] and n.  7. CD exchanged photographs with many of his correspondents during the 1860s (see Correspondence vols.  9–13, and Browne 1998 , pp.  253–80). The photograph has not been found. However, there is a portrait of Haeckel dated 1865  …

From G. J. Romanes   [before 26 December 1875]

Summary

Asks to borrow Ernst Haeckel’s Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Hydromedusen (1865) [and Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Siphonophoren (1869)].

Has not been neglecting Pangenesis for Medusae.

Author:  George John Romanes
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 26 Dec 1875]
Classmark:  E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 46
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10307

Matches: 3 hits

  • … to borrow Ernst Haeckel’s Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Hydromedusen (1865) [and Zur …
  • … vol. 13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 ). For the significance of Romanes’s …
  • … Romanes a copy of Ernst Haeckel’s work on medusae ( Haeckel 1865 ), the first (and only) …

From Ernst Haeckel   9 [July 1864]

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Summary

No book has made such a powerful impression on EH as the Origin. Most older German scholars opposed to it, but number of supporters growing among the young. Fortunately strength of religious dogmas now small among educated Germans. Situation in Jena especially favourable. Defended CD’s theory last year at Congress of German Scientists in Stettin.

Intends special study of jellyfish.

Plans general work on natural history.

Hard fate [death of Anna Sethe Haeckel] has made EH indifferent to criticism.

Colleagues August Schleicher and Carl Gegenbaur also convinced by CD’s theory.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 [July 1864]
Classmark:  DAR 166: 35
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4555

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 1864] , Correspondence vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 , and …
  • … letter to Ernst Haeckel, 6 December [1865] ). Annotated copies of Haeckel 1864b and 1865b …
  • Haeckel published several works in 1864 and 1865 on the Coelenterata, a class of invertebrates that included sea anemones and medusae (see Haeckel 1864b , 1865a, 1865b). He eventually sent CD copies of these papers (see letter to Ernst

To B. D. Walsh   19 December [1865]

Summary

Discusses a variety of subjects: Cynips, galls, potato bugs,

male Daphnia laying eggs.

His Primula experiment results differ from John Scott’s.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Benjamin Dann Walsh
Date:  19 Dec [1865]
Classmark:  Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (Walsh 6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4952

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Haeckel 1865b ; see letter to Ernst Haeckel, 6 December [1865] and n.  9). See letter from …
  • 1865 ). In the concluding paragraph to his 1866 paper on willow-galls, Walsh cited subsequent research that confirmed Wagner’s description, adding: ‘Mr.  Darwin writes me word that [Wagner’s observations] are believed by the distinguished English naturalist, Sir J.  Lubbock’ ( Walsh 1866 , p.  288). In Variation 2: 384 n. , CD referred to a paper by Ernst Haeckel

To Fritz Müller   9 December [1865]

Summary

Has forwarded FM’s MS to Max Schultze, but did not read it.

Movement of stem apex in Linum.

Haeckel’s paper on reproduction in certain Medusae.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  9 Dec [1865]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4949

Matches: 1 hit

  • … reproduction (see letter to Ernst Haeckel, 6 December [1865] and n.  9). In his paper, …

From Ernst Haeckel   28 June 1867

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Summary

Is engaged to marry Agnes Huschke. Will make wedding trip to Switzerland and Italy in autumn; therefore cannot visit CD as hoped.

Discusses present research. Comments on Protoamoeba with respect to origin of life. Says it makes question of common or separate origin of phyla unimportant.

CD to receive honorary diploma from Imperial Zoological Botanical Society in Vienna.

Sends photograph of Viennese botanist, August Kanitz.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 June 1867
Classmark:  DAR 166: 45
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5576

Matches: 1 hit

  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and nn.  11 and 12). On Haeckel’s …

To Fritz Müller   25 September [1866]

Summary

Fertilisation in orchids: Friedrich Hildebrand’s paper.

Self-sterility.

Climbing plants.

Agassiz’s attempts to eliminate all Darwinian views.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  25 Sept [1866]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 9)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5216

Matches: 1 hit

  • … vol.  13, letter to Ernst Haeckel, 6 December [1865] and n.  9). Haeckel claimed to have …

To J. D. Hooker   12 July [1864]

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Summary

Ernst Haeckel writes that young German scientists are enthusiastic for natural selection.

Did JDH write the article in Natural History Review on trees not producing flowers ["Botanical lesson books", (1864): 355–69]?

Encourages Harvey to publish on his "disagreeable" monster plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  12 July [1864]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 241
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4561

Matches: 1 hit

  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 19 January [1865] ). See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 9 [July 1864] . …

To Ernst Haeckel   20 January [1866]

Summary

Sends copies of photographs of himself. Asks for photographs of German naturalists.

Comments on EH’s account of Protogenes primordialis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Date:  20 Jan [1866]
Classmark:  Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A-Abt. 1-52/8)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4980

Matches: 3 hits

  • Ernst Haeckel, 10 August 1864  and nn.  2 and 3), and also enclosed a photograph taken in October 1865  …
  • 1865 (see Correspondence vol.  13). He was a philologist. The reference is to Haeckel 1866 (see letter from Ernst
  • Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866  and n.  4). For CD’s interest in Haeckel’s work on the medusae, see Correspondence vol.  13, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 4 May [1865] …

Dohrn, Anton (1840–1909)

Matches: 1 hit

  • … universities. PhD, Breslau, 1865. Studied with Ernst Haeckel and became Haeckel’s first …

From J. D. Hooker   2 May 1865

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Summary

On FitzRoy’s suicide.

The Lyell–Ramsay disagreement [on formation of lakes?].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 May 1865
Classmark:  DAR 102: 20–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4826

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Horticultural Society 5 (1865): 92–7. CD’s annotation refers to Ernst Haeckel . See letter …

To G. J. Romanes   26 December 1875

Summary

Sends books.

Discusses GJR’s Pangenesis experiments; views of Galton on the theory.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George John Romanes
Date:  26 Dec 1875
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.482)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10325

Matches: 1 hit

From T. H. Huxley   29 May 1865

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Summary

Glad to read what CD sends. Any glimmer of light on those subjects is of utmost importance.

Quotes a letter from Haeckel on progress of Darwinism in Germany.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 May 1865
Classmark:  DAR 166: 307
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4838

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Review ( T.  H.  Huxley 1865 ). Huxley refers to Ernst Haeckel . Haeckel had written to CD …

Haeckel, Ernst. 1865b. Über eine neue Form des Generationswechsels bei den Medusen und über die Verwandtschaft der Geryoniden und Aeginiden. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preußs. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (1865): 85–94.

Matches: 1 hit

  • Haeckel, Ernst. 1865b. Über eine neue Form des Generationswechsels bei den Medusen und über die Verwandtschaft der Geryoniden und Aeginiden. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preußs. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (1865): …

From Ernst Haeckel   26 October 1864

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Summary

Thanks CD for notes concerning the development of his ideas about the origin of species. Says August Schleicher and Carl Gegenbaur also interested.

Names new supporters of CD’s theory, including Max Schultze, Rudolf Leuckart, and Alexander Braun. Zoologists have been more interested than botanists.

He is writing a general work on the relationships among animals [Generelle Morphologie der Organismen (1866)].

Comments on Fritz Müller’s Für Darwin [1864].

Gegenbaur is revising his Grundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie [2d ed. (1870)] to accord with evolution.

Thanks CD for copy of book on balanids [Living Cirripedia, vol. 2].

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Oct 1864
Classmark:  DAR 166: 39
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4646

Matches: 3 hits

  • Ernst Haeckel, 10 August 1864 ). Haeckel published several essays on the Coelenterata between 1864 and 1865 ( …
  • 1865. Echiniscus Sigismundi, ein Arctiscoide der Nordsee. Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie 1: 428–36. Uschmann, Georg. 1959. Geschichte der Zoologie und der zoologischen Anstalten in Jena 1779–1919. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer. Uschmann, Georg. 1984. Ernst Haeckel. …
  • Ernst Haeckel, 9 [ July 1864] and n.  20. The reference is to the Swiss naturalist and invertebrate zoologist Edouard Claparède , who contracted rheumatic fever in 1854. The attack left him with chronic and disabling heart problems, his symptoms including palpitations and spitting blood from the lungs. The illness prevented him from working for months on end, and during 1865  …

From Ernst Krause   4 December 1880

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Summary

Comments on Pangenesis. Quotes long passage from article by Fritz Müller concerning regeneration of lost members among crustaceans.

Kosmos has been sold to Eduard Koch in Stuttgart; will be converted into a weekly. Science will be de-emphasised. Krause seeking new publisher to continue on old basis.

Gustav Jäger injured in train accident.

Author:  Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 Dec 1880
Classmark:  DAR 169: 111
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12889

Matches: 1 hit

  • … May [1865] ; on perigenesis, see Correspondence vol. 24, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 9 May …

To J. D. Hooker   5 December [1866]

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Summary

Is sending some plants and seeds to JDH.

Thanks Mrs Hooker for telling him of a life of his grandfather [Erasmus Darwin] of which he had not heard.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 Dec [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 307
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5295

Matches: 1 hit

  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 1 June [1865] and n.  11). Ernst Haeckel had recently visited CD at …

From August Schleicher   9 February 1865

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Summary

Sends a pamphlet and photograph to CD [missing];

announces a botanical congress at Erfurt at which CD’s theory will be discussed.

Author:  August Schleicher
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Feb 1865
Classmark:  DAR 177: 53
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4770

Matches: 2 hits

  • Ernst Haeckel , 9 [July 1864] , 10 August 1864 , and 26 October 1864 ). For a discussion of Schleicher, Haeckel, and CD, see R.  J.  Richards 2001 . A general agricultural congress was held in Erfurt, Germany, between 9 and 17 September 1865 ( …
  • 1865. ] Origin : On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Richards, Robert J. 2001. The linguistic creation of man: Charles Darwin, August Schleicher, Ernst Haeckel, …
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