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To W. J. Beal   21 May 1878

Summary

Thanks for his notice of Cross and self-fertilisation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William James Beal
Date:  21 May 1878
Classmark:  Michigan State University Archives and Historical Collections (W. J. Beal Papers UA.17.4 box 891 folder 1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11519

Matches: 3 hits

  • … fertilisation is in DAR 226.1: 155 ( Beal 1877 ). Beal’s letter of 2 May 1878 has not been …
  • … Bibliography Beal, William James. 1877. Darwin’s new …
  • … book. Scientific Farmer (June 1877): 74–5. Beal, William James. 1878. Hairs and glandular …

To Wallis Nash   29 May 1878

Summary

Comments on WN’s Oregon: there and back (1878).

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Wallis Nash
Date:  29 May 1878
Classmark:  F. Louise Nash Barton (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11533

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Nash, Wallis. 1878. Oregon: there and back in 1877 . London: Macmillan and Co. Post Office …
  • … his book, Oregon: there and back in 1877 ( Nash 1878 ), to CD. The dedication reads: ‘To …
  • … The Rookery, north of Down, Kent, from 1873 to 1877. At this time, their address was Downs …

To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   9 May [1878]

Summary

CD wants some plants; asks Lynch to raise some Cactaceae for him. Observations on sensitivity and movements of radicle.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  9 May [1878]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 119–21)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11499

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Correspondence vol. 25, letters from R. I. Lynch, 25 July 1877 and the first and second …
  • … letters of [before 28 July 1877]. Cacteae (a synonym of Cactaceae) is the family of cacti; …
  • … had been sent seeds of Cycas in November 1877 and February 1878 (see Correspondence vol. …
  • … 25, letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 November [1877] , and this volume, letter to J. D. Hooker, …

From Francis Galton   24 May 1878

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Summary

Sends some "composite portraits", including three of their family ancestors, as described in Nature [18 (1878): 97–100].

Author:  Francis Galton
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 105A: 99–100
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11526

Matches: 2 hits

  • … different types of plant movement since July 1877; his results were published in 1880 in …
  • … 25, letter from A. D. Austin, 6 November 1877 ). Absit omen : may the omen be absent ( …

To Thomas Meehan   13 May 1878

Summary

Criticises article by TM. "Such a manner of treating the work of other observers did not appear to me the way to encourage truth."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Meehan
Date:  13 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 146: 356
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11507

Matches: 2 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Hildebrand, Friedrich. 1864. Experimente …
  • … of the Torrey Botanical Club , December 1877, p. 189 (see letter from Thomas Meehan, 28 …

To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   20 [May 1878]

Summary

Will dispatch plants for Kew tomorrow.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  20 [May 1878]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, W. T., Letters from Charles Darwin 1873–81: 124–5)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11518

Matches: 2 hits

  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. …
  • … leaves of this plant, dated between 1 June 1877 and 13 February 1878, are in DAR 66: 83. …

From Thomas Whitelegge   27 May 1878

Summary

Has found a few examples of Ranunculus repens with stamens reduced as in R. acris.

Author:  Thomas Whitelegge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 181: 94
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11530

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …

From Thomas Whitelegge   16 May 1878

Summary

Gynodioecism in Ranunculus acris.

Author:  Thomas Whitelegge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 181: 92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11514

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …

To Friedrich Ludwig   29 May 1878

Summary

Thanks FL for the Plantago specimens. FL’s view of the stages by which the plant has become gynodioecious seems very probable.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Friedrich Ludwig
Date:  29 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 146: 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11534

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Ludwig, Friedrich. 1879. Ueber die Blütenformen …

From W. E. Darwin   22 May [1878]

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Summary

Extract from Athenæum 11 May [1878], p. 606, of R. I. Lynch on germination of the provision tree.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 May [1878]
Classmark:  DAR 209.6: 199–200
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11523

Matches: 1 hit

  • … The seeds were received at Kew July 1877, & labelled the “Provision Tree”. Varying in …

From A. F. Gray   8 May [1878]

Summary

Found a live mussel attached to a blue-winged teal’s foot. Had the bird not been shot, the mussel might have been transported miles.

Author:  Arthur Fairfield Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  8 May [1878]
Classmark:  Nature, 30 May 1878, p. 121
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11497

Matches: 1 hit

  • … river at West Newbury, Mass. , September 6, 1877. The shell, the common mussel, or clam ( …

From G. H. Darwin   [before 9 May 1878]

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Summary

Recounts some figures relating deaf-mutism and consanguineous marriages.

GHD has failed to be elected to the Royal Society.

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 9 May 1878]
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 66
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11498

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of the Royal Society of London in November 1877. George’s name was put forward again on 7 …

From C. B. Clarke   12 May 1878

Summary

Reports curious case of dimorphism in Rubiaceae. Encloses envelope containing bud samples.

Author:  Charles Baron Clarke
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 161: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11505

Matches: 1 hit

  • … leave from the Bengal civil service and since 1877 had been working at the Royal Botanic …

To T. H. Farrer   7 May [1878]

Summary

Has received Ledum with its captured flies.

"At present I care for nothing in this wide world except the biology of seedling plants."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer
Date:  7 May [1878]
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/29)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11495

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Russian victory in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–8 and the signing of the Treaty of San …

To R. A. T. Gascoyne-Cecil   [18 May 1878]

Summary

Requesting permission to present a declaration against war to the Foreign secretary.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3d marquess of Salisbury
Date:  [18 May 1878]
Classmark:  Daily News, 23 May 1878, p. 2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11515F

Matches: 1 hit

  • … had declared war on Turkey in April 1877 following uprisings in the Balkan territories of …

From Thomas Whitelegge   21 May 1878

Summary

Gynodioecism.

Author:  Thomas Whitelegge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 May 1878
Classmark:  DAR 181: 93
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11522

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
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Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and …
  • … from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. …
  • … of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The leaves were not at all depressed; …
  • … gardeners ( letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and …
  • … a delicate twig’ ( letter to R. I. Lynch, 14 September 1877 ). Research on movement would continue …
  • … of some Infusoria’ ( letter from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 ). Francis’s paper eventually appeared …
  • … wrote to the editor, George Croom Robertson, on 27 April 1877 , ‘I hope that you will be so good …
  • … had written to the editor Ernst Ludwig Krause on 30 June 1877 , ‘I have been much interested by …
  • … the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25 October [1877] ). …
  • … and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). Gifts of German and Dutch …
  • … Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the journal ‘an …
  • … the director, Adriaan Anthoni van Bemmelen, on 12 February 1877 : ‘I suppose that every worker at …
  • … of his 70th year. Darwin was in fact 68 on 12 February 1877. Distinguished guests and …
  • … & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was asked repeatedly by …
  • … & me to dejeuner!!!’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 June 1877 ). Darwin was staying in …
  • … centuries to come’ ( letter from C. C. Graham, 30 January 1877 ). Graham then gave a lengthy …
  • … man and of societies’ ( letter from Marcellin de Bonnal, [1877] ). A similar complaint came from …
  • … by a duke!’ ( letter to J. M. Rodwell, 3 June 1877 ). Back home, he learned from his brother that …
  • … order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ).  Carlyle’s remarks were …
  • … . In a letter from an unknown correspondent on 13 June 1877 , he was criticised for having quoted …
  • … monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker, William Burrows …
  • … back our civilization’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 17 May 1877 ). Bowles proposed that such …
  • … of humanity beneath’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 18 May 1877 ). More transitional human …
  • … inflexible tails ( letter from Arthur Mellersh, 1 January 1877 ). The American physician Jesse …
  • … (Trollope 1867; letter to G. J. Romanes, [1 and 2 December 1877] ). Dispute and …
  • … George and Francis. He wrote to Francis on 24 September 1877 about his forthcoming work, Life …
  • … value’, he confessed in a letter of 25 November 1877 that the book had ‘resolved itself into a …
  • … physical’ ( letter from W. M. Moorsom, 10 September 1877 ). Darwin was doubtful of the elephant …

1877 letters now online

Summary

Flowers, bloom, a son married . . . and a suspended monkey in Cambridge at Darwin's honorary LLD ceremony. The transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin's life in 1877…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of  over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877  are now online. Read more about  Darwin& …

Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists

Summary

The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade …
  • … have ever received ( Letter to Ernst Haeckel, 16 February 1877 )     …
  • … the start of his 70th year, but Darwin was only 68 in 1877. Despite this oversight, the album …
  • … world.— ( Letter from Leonard Blomefield, 12 March 1877 ) Familiar faces Ernst …
  • … with the final album. He wrote to Darwin on 9 February 1877 : ‘what will perhaps astonish you is …
  • … worth to give you ( Letter from J. V. Carus, 22 March 1877 )  The professor of …
  • … scientific work. ( Letter from C. G. Semper, 26 April 1877 ) Carl Kraus, an …

4.25 'Punch' 1877 re. Cambridge doctorate

Summary

< Back to Introduction Punch often ridiculed Darwin by showing him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary degree from Cambridge University, it paid its tribute to ‘wisdom’. ‘Punch to Dr. Darwin’…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary …
  • … a celebratory speech at the award ceremony on 17 November 1877. The capital ‘O’ of the first line of …
  • … date of creation late November 1877 
 computer-readable date c.1877-11-18 to 1877-11-30  …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the …
  • … lasting pleasure. ( Letter to Pieter Harting, 19 March 1877 ) Harting had also written …
  • … it states his ‘69th Birthday’, when in fact he was 68 in 1877. It was arranged in alphabetical order …
  • … from A. A. van Bemmelen and H. J.  Veth, 6 February 1877 ) Dutch correspondents …
  • … ( Letter from C. W. Thomson, 30 June 1877 ) Much earlier, in 1861, Tiberius Cornelis …

German and Dutch photograph albums

Summary

Darwin Day 2018: To celebrate Darwin's 209th birthday, we present two lavishly produced albums of portrait photographs which Darwin received from continental admirers 141 years ago. These unusual gifts from Germany and the Netherlands are made…

Matches: 3 hits

  • …   In 1877, Charles Darwin was sent some unusual birthday presents: two lavishly …
  • … conferred on me ( Letter to Otto Zacharias, [24 February 1877] ) The two albums …
  • … sympathy. ( Letter to A. A. van Bemmelen, 12 February 1877 )  View the Dutch album …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … of plants.’ ( From Friedrich Hildebrand, 18 January 1877 ). Hermann Müller enthused that Darwin’s …
  • … my book’ ( To  Gardeners’ Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, …
  • … gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was especially pleased with …
  • … have quite eviscerated it’ ( To Asa Gray, 18 February [1877] ). By mid-March 1877, the edition was …
  • … index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes were necessitated by …
  • … wheat that he had studied ( From A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … tiredness of the later years (e.g. letter to E.M. Dicey, [1877] ). Working …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 11074: Sayce, A. H. to Darwin, C. R., 27 July 1877 Darwin’s study of human nature …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … activity at the site of a Roman villa,  15 November 1877 W. T. Thiselton-Dyer's …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … grains by a dilution method.  In his letter of 9 March 1877 , Darwin wrote: ‘Your calculation of …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to …
  • … and forenames Occupation Age in 1877 Residence Date …
  • … Leiden 13 June 1823 Rotterdam 2 June 1877 Zoeterwoude …
  • … 5 October 1808 Wildenborch 4 June 1877 Klein Dochteren …

German poems presented to Darwin

Summary

Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … (see letter from From Emil Rade , [before 16] February 1877). The poems were composed by …
  • … in Rade’s account of the making of the album (Rade 1877, pp. 39–40), but the others were published …
  • … Letter from Emil Rade 1    [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. …
  • … From Emil Rade   [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. February 1877. …
  • … this letter and the letter to Emil Rade, 16 February 1877. 3. The gift was a photograph …
  • … Appendix VI. A number of other poems were included in Rade 1877.   …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Treat, 5 January 1872 Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 10746 – Darwin to Dicey, E. M., [1877] Darwin gives his opinion on the …
  • … Letter 11267f – Darwin, S. to Darwin, [3 December 1877] Darwin’s daughter-in-law …

Exercise: Caricatures of Science

Summary

Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …

Matches: 1 hits

  • …   Lydia Becker (1877) Caricature of Lydia Becker from …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 3 hits

  • …   ‘Very curious results’ In May 1877, Darwin asked one of his most trusted …
  • … of movement ( letter from R. I. Lynch, [before 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . …
  • … those of Gray, who had written an article on the subject in 1877 (A. Gray 1877e). Gray had reported …

Floral Dimorphism

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … | Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a …
  • … findings on floral dimorphism were eventually published in 1877, but these experiments and …
  • … SOURCES Book Darwin, C. R. 1877. The different forms of flowers on plants of the …
  • … experiment, the class read chapter 1 of Charles Darwin’s 1877 T he Different Forms of …
  • … Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (London: John Murray, 1877), 16. [2] Ibid., 30. …

1.14 William Richmond, oil

Summary

< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma …
  • … bibliography ‘University News’, Observer (18 Nov. 1877), p. 6. ‘Mr. Darwin at Cambridge’, …
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