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From G. M. Tracy   11 January 1877

Summary

Observations on and explanations of the scarcity of fruit and berries (especially holly berries) evident that year.

Author:  George Murton Tracy
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Jan 1877
Classmark:  DAR 178: 174
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10779

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From G.  M.  Tracy   11 January 1877
  • … DAR 178: 174 George Murton Tracy Edenbridge 11 Jan 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … See letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 3 January [1877]. The letter was …
  • … reprinted in full in The Times , 11 January 1877, p. 7; a clipping of it is in DAR 132: …
  • … letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle of 3 January [1877], CD had remarked that holly-trees would …
  • … Redlands | Edenbridge Kent Jan ry . 11 th . 1877 Sir Having observed in “The Times” of …

From F. J. Cohn   5 August 1877

Summary

Praises unbroken series of CD’s and Francis [Darwin]’s botanical works.

Confirms FD’s Dipsacus observations. Problem of interpreting microscopic filaments as protoplasm or as inorganic and osmotic artifacts.

Author:  Ferdinand Julius Cohn
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Aug 1877
Classmark:  DAR 161: 203
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11093

Matches: 10 hits

  • … From F.  J.  Cohn   5 August 1877
  • … DAR 161: 203 Ferdinand Julius Cohn Breslau 5 Aug 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Untersuchungen über Drosophyllum lusitanicum Lk. , was submitted on 24 September 1877 ( …
  • … Penzig 1877 ). CD’s annotated copy is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Montgomery, Edmund. 1866. On the formation …
  • … 7): 314–18. Penzig, Albert Julius Otto. 1877. Untersuchungen über Drosophyllum lusitanicum …
  • … Dissertation. [Submitted 24 September 1877. ] Breslau: University of Breslau. Royer, …
  • … Journal of Microscopical Science , April 1877 ( F. Darwin 1877b ). Dipsacus sylvestris is …
  • … K.  Universität Breslau. | Breslau den 5 August 1877 My dear Sir As from an inexhaustible …
  • … fullonum . In his letter to Cohn of 26 July 1877 , CD had advised Cohn on the best method …

From William Preyer   6 July 1877

Summary

Asks for CD’s "Sketch of an infant" [Collected papers 2: 191–200]. He has made observations on new-born children and mammals to determine what behaviour is inherited and what acquired.

Author:  William Thierry (William) Preyer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 July 1877
Classmark:  DAR 174: 70
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11038

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From William Preyer   6 July 1877
  • … DAR 174: 70 William Thierry (William) Preyer Jena 6 July 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of an infant. By Charles Darwin. Mind 2 (1877): 285–94. [ Shorter publications , pp. 409– …
  • … sketch of an infant’ was published in the July 1877 issue of Mind . Preyer published his …
  • … Axel Thierry Preyer , born in November 1877 (Richter and Wagner 2003, p. 130), and made …
  • … Jena July 6, 1877 Dear Sir, You would extremely oblige me by sending me a copy of your …

From Alfred Espinas   1 July 1877

Summary

On painful state of CD’s reception in France.

Author:  Alfred Victor (Alfred) Espinas
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 July 1877
Classmark:  DAR 163: 34
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11030

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From Alfred Espinas    1 July 1877
  • … DAR 163: 34 Alfred Victor (Alfred) Espinas Dijon 1 July 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bibliography Espinas, Alfred. 1877. Des sociétés animales: étude de psychologie comparée. …
  • … Dijon, 1 er juillet 1877. Monsieur et cher maitre, Vous avez dit quelque part qu’on peut …
  • … Espinas taught philosophy at Dijon. In Espinas 1877 , p. 361, a copy of which he …
  • … see letter to Alfred Espinas, [before 1 July 1877] ), he wrote that evolution was the sole …
  • … fundamental law. Espinas 1877 ( Des sociétés animales ) was the doctoral thesis Espinas …
  • … letter to Alfred Espinas, [before 1 July 1877] . Espinas translated Spencer’s Principles …
  • … Dijon, 1 st July 1877. Sir and dear master, You said somewhere that one can be convinced …

From Asa Gray   6 March 1877

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Summary

Thanks for Orchids [2d ed.].

Does not feel his abstract of Cross and self-fertilisation [Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 13 (1877): 125–41] was thorough enough.

Has heard of their sad bereavement last autumn [death of Amy, wife of Francis Darwin].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 165: 194
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10880

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   6 March 1877
  • … DAR 165: 194 Asa Gray Herbarium of Harvard 6 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … fertilisation [ Am. J. Sci. 3d ser. 13 (1877): 125–41] was thorough enough. Has heard of …
  • … Orchids 2d ed. was published in January 1877 by John Murray ( …
  • … Publishers’ Circular , 1 February 1877, p. 93). CD praised Gray’s abstract of Cross and …
  • … eviscerated it’ in his letter of 18 February [1877] . Benjamin Silliman Jr was one of the …
  • … fertilised by insects. By Charles Darwin. 2d edition, revised. London: John Murray. 1877. …

From W. B. Bowles   18 May 1877

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Summary

Is less certain of views in letter of 17 May [10963]. Asserts interest in explaining the presence of "speaking monkeys", which occur in higher as well as lower classes.

Author:  William Burrows Bowles
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18 May 1877
Classmark:  DAR 160: 264
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10965

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From W.  B.  Bowles   18 May 1877
  • … See letter from W.  B.  Bowles, 17 May 1877 . …
  • … DAR 160: 264 William Burrows Bowles Paris 18 May 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …

From Asa Gray   10 February 1877

Summary

Sends specimens of two forms of Rhamnus lanceolata.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Feb 1877
Classmark:  DAR 109: A84
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10837

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   10 February 1877
  • … DAR 109: A84 Asa Gray Herbarium of Harvard 10 Feb 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … subsp. lanceolata , lanceleaf buckthorn; see letter to Asa Gray, 3 January 1877 and n. 5). …
  • … Botanic Garden, Cambridge, Mass. Feb, 10 1877 Dear Darwin Just in time this post day, a …

From D. T. Fish   7 February 1877

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Summary

Sends holly specimens. Differences in flowering times of various hollies.

Author:  David Taylor Fish
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Feb 1877
Classmark:  DAR 164: 123
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10834

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From D.  T.  Fish   7 February 1877
  • … DAR 164: 123 David Taylor Fish Hardwicke 7 Feb 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 17 January [1877], CD had acknowledged Fish and others for …
  • … England (see also letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 3 January [1877], and Fish’s letter …
  • … in Gardeners’ Chronicle , 20 January 1877, p. 83). Court-Pendú-Plat is a dessert apple, …
  • … Hardwicke Feby 7th 1877 Dear Sir No apology is needed from you   On the contrary had it …

From Fritz Müller   25 March 1877

Summary

Thanks CD for new [2d] edition of Orchids.

Mentions some observations on dimorphic plants.

Reports on a third species of Pontederia [see Forms of flowers, p. 185].

Describes some unusual grasses.

Reports rumours from southern Brazil concerning the existence of a gigantic subterranean animal.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 111: A89–90
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10911

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Fritz Müller   25 March 1877
  • … Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller Santa Catharina, Brazil 25 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. Orchids 2d ed. : The various contrivances by …
  • … 2d edition, revised. London: John Murray. 1877. West, David A. 2003. Fritz Müller. A …
  • … Itajahy), S a Catharina | Brazil, March 25. 1877. My dear Sir I have just finished reading …
  • … s second expedition (February to March 1877) to the grasslands (campos) of the central …
  • … needlegrasses. In a letter to Nature , 1 March 1877, p. 374, Francis Darwin described the …
  • … Die Grannen von Aristida’ ( Kosmos 1 (1877): 353–4), Müller described the hygroscopic awns …

From S. B. J. Skertchly   27 February 1878

Summary

Sends CD a copy of his memoir on the fenland [Geology of the fenland (1877)].

Outlines the results of his recent researches into the geological history of man, the development of Palaeolithic culture, the occurrence of Palaeolithic remains in the boulder-clays of eastern England, and their relation to glacial and inter-glacial periods.

Author:  Sydney Barber Josiah Skertchly
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Feb 1878
Classmark:  DAR 177: 176
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11379

Matches: 13 hits

  • … memoir on the fenland [ Geology of the fenland (1877)]. Outlines the results of his recent …
  • … Cambridge University Press. 1985–. Dawkins, William Boyd. 1877. On the mammal-fauna of the …
  • … caves of Creswell Crags. [Read 11 April 1877. ] Quarterly Journal of the Geological …
  • … Society 33: 589–612. Geikie, James. 1877. The great ice age and its relation to the …
  • … s Geology of the fenland ( Skertchly 1877 ), part of the Geological Survey of Great …
  • … to the antiquity of man 2d ed. ( Geikie 1877 , pp. 536–46). Skertchly updated his work on …
  • … see Lartet and Christy 1875 and Dawkins 1877 ; for the controversy surrounding the …
  • … Press. Skertchly, Sydney Barber Josiah. 1877. Memoirs of the geological survey. England …
  • … in their letters to Nature , 21 June 1877, pp. 141–2. Both letters mentioned Andrew …
  • … views. Further correspondence about the matter appeared in Nature , 28 June 1877, pp. …
  • … 162–3, and 5 July 1877, p. 182; for more on the dispute, see O’Connor 2007 , pp. 63–5. …
  • … were pre- or interglacial (see Geikie 1877 , p. 565); CD regarded Alfred Russel Wallace as …
  • … C. Darwin and Wallace 1858). See Skertchly 1877 , p. 220. Périgord is a former province of …

From F. J. Cohn   [10?] August 1877

Summary

Accepts CD’s offer to publish his letter, confirming Francis Darwin’s observations [see Collected papers 2: 205–7].

H. Hoffmann’s observations on Amanita contractile filaments must be repeated.

Microscopic examination of secretory gland filaments in Dipsacus leafcups. FD’s pseudopod theory of Dipsacus.

Author:  Ferdinand Julius Cohn
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [10?] Aug 1877
Classmark:  DAR 161: 204
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11101

Matches: 9 hits

  • … From F.  J.  Cohn   [10? ] August 1877
  • … DAR 161: 204 Ferdinand Julius Cohn Breslau [10? ] Aug 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Breslau. | Breslau den 1 [ 0 ] August 1877 My dear Sir That you value so highly the …
  • … appears to read ‘10’. See letter to F. J. Cohn, 8 August 1877 . CD had asked whether he …
  • … extracts from Cohn’s letter of 5 August 1877 in Nature ; Cohn had confirmed some of …
  • … described by Francis in common teasel (see letter to F. J. Cohn, 8 August 1877 and n. 3). …
  • … stomata’ (see letter to Nature , 15 August [1877]). CD added some of Cohn’s observations …
  • … from this letter to the extracts from Cohn’s letter of 5 August 1877 in his letter …
  • … in Nature , 15 August [1877]. An abstract of Cohn’s lecture, delivered to the Silesian …

From Daniel Oliver   12 March 1877

Summary

Discusses the cleistogamous flowers of Oxalis. Thinks they may not be truly cleistogamous but merely arrested or imperfectly developed normal flowers.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 173: 35
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10890

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Daniel Oliver   12 March 1877
  • … DAR 173: 35 Daniel Oliver Kew 12 Mar 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … Herb m . | Royal Gardens Kew 12 Mar.  1877. Dear M r Darwin With regard to cleistogamic …
  • … letter to Daniel Oliver, 10 March 1877 . CD described the cleistogamic flowers ( …
  • … vol. 30, letter to Daniel Oliver, 10 March 1877 , and Correspondence vol. 25, letter to G. …
  • … H. K. Thwaites, 26 March 1877 . Joseph Ernest Gibert sent plants to Kew from Montevideo, …

From Ernst Krause   9 July 1877

Summary

Asks permission to print translation of "A biographical sketch of an infant" [Collected papers 2: 191–200] in Kosmos.

Notes divisions among German Darwinists.

Author:  Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 July 1877
Classmark:  DAR 169: 106
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11045

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Ernst Krause    9 July 1877
  • … DAR 169: 106 Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause Berlin 9 July 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of an infant. By Charles Darwin. Mind 2 (1877): 285–94. [ Shorter publications , pp. 409– …
  • … German, see Transcript. See letter from Ernst Krause, 11 March 1877 , and letter to …
  • … Ernst Krause, 25 March 1877 . A German translation of CD’ …
  • … sketch of an infant’ appeared in Kosmos 1 (1877): 367–76. On disagreements about Darwinism …

From Herman Semmig   27 August 1877

Summary

Sends a published diary [Das Kind, 2d ed. (1876)] in which he recorded the early growth of his first child. Hopes it may find an English translator.

Author:  Friedrich Herman (Herman) Semmig
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Aug 1877
Classmark:  DAR 177: 134
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11115

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Herman Semmig   27 August 1877
  • … DAR 177: 134 Friedrich Herman (Herman) Semmig Leipzig 27 Aug 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of an infant. By Charles Darwin. Mind 2 (1877): 285–94. [ Shorter publications , pp. 409– …
  • … Leipzig, August 27 th . 1877. Honoured Sir, From a literary portion of the …
  • … Journal “Le Français” (N o . 210, 2 Août 1877) I have just learned that an article of the …
  • … in the journal Mind ( Taine 1876 and 1877); CD’s ‘Biographical sketch of an infant’ was …
  • … the July issue (see letter to G. C. Robertson, 27 April 1877 and nn. 1 and 2). The article …
  • … development of infants (Fonssagrives 1877). Semmig’s daughter was Jeanne Bertha Semmig . …

From L. A. Errera   10 October 1877

Summary

CD has made clear that in Cross and self-fertilisation he had not intended to suggest that autogamie (fertilisation of a flower by its own pollen) is superior to gitonogamie (fertilisation of a flower by one on the same plant).

Author:  Léo Abram Errera
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Oct 1877
Classmark:  DAR 163: 28
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11177

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From L.  A.  Errera    10 October 1877
  • … DAR 163: 28 Léo Abram Errera Brussels 10 Oct 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … French, see Transcript. See letter to L. A. Errera, 4 October 1877 . See letter to L. …
  • … A. Errera, 4 October 1877 and n. 5. Errera was a doctoral student at the Free University …
  • … 6 A , Rue Royale | Bruxelles 10 Oct.  1877 Monsieur Je ne puis assez vous témoigner ma …
  • … 6 A , Rue Royale | Brussels 10 Oct.  1877 Sir I cannot adequately express to you my …
  • … Errera had explained these terms in his letter of 30 September 1877 . See letter to L. …
  • … A. Errera, 4 October 1877 . CD had commented on part of a study on heterostyled plants …

From Francis Darwin   [before 21 May 1877]

Summary

Edwin Ray Lankester wants to reprint FD’s paper ‘Food bodies’ in the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 21 May 1877]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 22
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10520F

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   [before 21 May 1877] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 22 Francis Darwin Erith [before 21 May 1877] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877. …
  • … letter from W. E. Darwin, [24 April 1877? ] and n. 8. The joke has not been identified. …
  • … cutting ants were communicated by Francis in his letter, dated 21 May 1877, to Nature , …
  • … 7 June 1877, pp. 100–1. Francis’s paper ‘On the protrusion of protoplasmic filaments from …

From J. V. Carus   26 February 1877

Summary

Is unconvinced that correction in Cross and self-fertilisation requested by CD [see 10852] should be made. Asks CD to reconsider.

Author:  Julius Victor Carus
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Feb 1877
Classmark:  DAR 161: 107
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10870

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From J.  V.  Carus   26 February 1877
  • … 161: 107 Julius Victor Carus Zoological Station, Naples 26 Feb 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … see letter to J.  V.  Carus, 19 February 1877 ). Petunia and Iberis (candytuft) are genera …
  • … see Cross and self fertilisation , p. 275 and letter to J. V. Carus, 4 March 1877 ). …
  • … Naples, | Zoological Station, Febr 26. 1877 My dear Sir, Of course I shall correct the “ …

From G. H. Darwin   [28 October 1877]

Summary

Writes again about arrangements for the honorary degree ceremony.

Has been working on tides, which he is almost certain have altered the obliquity of the ecliptic.

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [28 Oct 1877]
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 60–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11213

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From G.  H.  Darwin   [28 October 1877] …
  • … 60–1 George Howard Darwin Trinity College, Cambridge [28 Oct 1877] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … letter from Horace Darwin to G. H. Darwin, 24–5 October 1877 (DAR 258: 864)). CD and Emma …
  • … Darwin in London from 26 to 29 October 1877 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Francis Darwin …
  • … s letter and to CD’s visit to London (see n. 8, below). In 1877, 28 October was a Sunday. …
  • … See letter from Edward Atkinson, 25 October 1877 , concerning the honorary LLD (doctor of …
  • … CD had written to Atkinson on 27 October 1877, expressing his preference for the degree …
  • … see letter to G. H. Darwin, 18 [October 1877] and n. 3). Henrietta Emma Litchfield had …

From W. G. Smith   24 July 1877

Summary

Reports a fossil fungus, complete with fossil zoospores, within the vascular bundles of a Lepidodendron from the Coal Measures. The genus is Pythium and it appears no different from living species.

Author:  Worthington George Smith
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 July 1877
Classmark:  DAR 177: 201
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11068

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From W.  G.  Smith   24 July 1877
  • … 201 Worthington George Smith London, Mildmay Grove, 15 24 July 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Association 5 (1876–8): 17–35. Smith, Worthington George. 1877. A fossil Peronospora. …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 20 October 1877, pp. 499–500. …
  • … Saprolegnieæ amongst true fungi’ ( W. G. Smith 1877 , p. 499). See Gardeners’ Chronicle , …
  • … 15, Mildmay Grove, N. 24 July 1877 My dear Sir During the next day or two I will carefully …
  • … damage (see letter from W. G. Smith, 27 July 1877 ). William Carruthers was keeper of the …

From C. T. E. von Siebold   10 October 1877

Summary

Sends article and photograph of abnormally hairy family.

Mentions death of his student, Rudolf von Willemoes-Suhm.

Author:  Carl Theodor Ernst von Siebold
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Oct 1877
Classmark:  DAR 177: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11175

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From C. T. E. von Siebold    10 October 1877
  • … DAR 177: 160 Carl Theodor Ernst von Siebold Munich 10 Oct 1877 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … the Challenger voyage were published between 1874 and 1877 ( Willemoes-Suhm 1874–7 ). …
  • … Bibliography Siebold, Carl Theodor von. 1877. Die haarige Familie von Ambras. Archiv für …
  • … aus dem Archiv für Anthropologie (Bd. X.  1877) mit einigen anderen Separatabdrücken heute …
  • … 1876): xlvii–lviii, lix–lxxv, lxxvii–xci; 27 (1876): xcvii–cviii; 29 (1877): cix–cxxxv. …
  • … the Archiv für Anthropologie (vol. X.  1877), I have posted to you together with a number …
  • … on the hairy Gonzales family ( Siebold 1877 ) is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL, …
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Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 28 hits

  • … , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and …
  • … from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. …
  • … of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The leaves were not at all depressed; …
  • … gardeners ( letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and …
  • … a delicate twig’ ( letter to R. I. Lynch, 14 September 1877 ). Research on movement would continue …
  • … of some Infusoria’ ( letter from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 ). Francis’s paper eventually appeared …
  • … wrote to the editor, George Croom Robertson, on 27 April 1877 , ‘I hope that you will be so good …
  • … had written to the editor Ernst Ludwig Krause on 30 June 1877 , ‘I have been much interested by …
  • … the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25 October [1877] ). …
  • … and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). Gifts of German and Dutch …
  • … Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the journal ‘an …
  • … the director, Adriaan Anthoni van Bemmelen, on 12 February 1877 : ‘I suppose that every worker at …
  • … of his 70th year. Darwin was in fact 68 on 12 February 1877. Distinguished guests and …
  • … & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was asked repeatedly by …
  • … & me to dejeuner!!!’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 June 1877 ). Darwin was staying in …
  • … centuries to come’ ( letter from C. C. Graham, 30 January 1877 ). Graham then gave a lengthy …
  • … man and of societies’ ( letter from Marcellin de Bonnal, [1877] ). A similar complaint came from …
  • … by a duke!’ ( letter to J. M. Rodwell, 3 June 1877 ). Back home, he learned from his brother that …
  • … order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ).  Carlyle’s remarks were …
  • … . In a letter from an unknown correspondent on 13 June 1877 , he was criticised for having quoted …
  • … monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker, William Burrows …
  • … back our civilization’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 17 May 1877 ). Bowles proposed that such …
  • … of humanity beneath’ ( letter from W. B. Bowles, 18 May 1877 ). More transitional human …
  • … inflexible tails ( letter from Arthur Mellersh, 1 January 1877 ). The American physician Jesse …
  • … (Trollope 1867; letter to G. J. Romanes, [1 and 2 December 1877] ). Dispute and …
  • … George and Francis. He wrote to Francis on 24 September 1877 about his forthcoming work, Life …
  • … value’, he confessed in a letter of 25 November 1877 that the book had ‘resolved itself into a …
  • … physical’ ( letter from W. M. Moorsom, 10 September 1877 ). Darwin was doubtful of the elephant …

1877 letters now online

Summary

Flowers, bloom, a son married . . . and a suspended monkey in Cambridge at Darwin's honorary LLD ceremony. The transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin's life in 1877…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of  over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877  are now online. Read more about  Darwin& …

Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists

Summary

The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…

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  • … album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade …
  • … have ever received ( Letter to Ernst Haeckel, 16 February 1877 )     …
  • … the start of his 70th year, but Darwin was only 68 in 1877. Despite this oversight, the album …
  • … world.— ( Letter from Leonard Blomefield, 12 March 1877 ) Familiar faces Ernst …
  • … with the final album. He wrote to Darwin on 9 February 1877 : ‘what will perhaps astonish you is …
  • … worth to give you ( Letter from J. V. Carus, 22 March 1877 )  The professor of …
  • … scientific work. ( Letter from C. G. Semper, 26 April 1877 ) Carl Kraus, an …

4.25 'Punch' 1877 re. Cambridge doctorate

Summary

< Back to Introduction Punch often ridiculed Darwin by showing him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary degree from Cambridge University, it paid its tribute to ‘wisdom’. ‘Punch to Dr. Darwin’…

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  • … him as a monkey or in other animalistic forms, but in 1877, when he at last received an honorary …
  • … a celebratory speech at the award ceremony on 17 November 1877. The capital ‘O’ of the first line of …
  • … date of creation late November 1877 
 computer-readable date c.1877-11-18 to 1877-11-30  …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

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  • … the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the …
  • … lasting pleasure. ( Letter to Pieter Harting, 19 March 1877 ) Harting had also written …
  • … it states his ‘69th Birthday’, when in fact he was 68 in 1877. It was arranged in alphabetical order …
  • … from A. A. van Bemmelen and H. J.  Veth, 6 February 1877 ) Dutch correspondents …
  • … ( Letter from C. W. Thomson, 30 June 1877 ) Much earlier, in 1861, Tiberius Cornelis …

German and Dutch photograph albums

Summary

Darwin Day 2018: To celebrate Darwin's 209th birthday, we present two lavishly produced albums of portrait photographs which Darwin received from continental admirers 141 years ago. These unusual gifts from Germany and the Netherlands are made…

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  • …   In 1877, Charles Darwin was sent some unusual birthday presents: two lavishly …
  • … conferred on me ( Letter to Otto Zacharias, [24 February 1877] ) The two albums …
  • … sympathy. ( Letter to A. A. van Bemmelen, 12 February 1877 )  View the Dutch album …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

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  • … of plants.’ ( From Friedrich Hildebrand, 18 January 1877 ). Hermann Müller enthused that Darwin’s …
  • … my book’ ( To  Gardeners’ Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, …
  • … gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was especially pleased with …
  • … have quite eviscerated it’ ( To Asa Gray, 18 February [1877] ). By mid-March 1877, the edition was …
  • … index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes were necessitated by …
  • … wheat that he had studied ( From A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

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  • … tiredness of the later years (e.g. letter to E.M. Dicey, [1877] ). Working …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

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  • … Letter 11074: Sayce, A. H. to Darwin, C. R., 27 July 1877 Darwin’s study of human nature …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

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  • … activity at the site of a Roman villa,  15 November 1877 W. T. Thiselton-Dyer's …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

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  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

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  • … grains by a dilution method.  In his letter of 9 March 1877 , Darwin wrote: ‘Your calculation of …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

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  • … admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to …
  • … and forenames Occupation Age in 1877 Residence Date …
  • … Leiden 13 June 1823 Rotterdam 2 June 1877 Zoeterwoude …
  • … 5 October 1808 Wildenborch 4 June 1877 Klein Dochteren …

German poems presented to Darwin

Summary

Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…

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  • … (see letter from From Emil Rade , [before 16] February 1877). The poems were composed by …
  • … in Rade’s account of the making of the album (Rade 1877, pp. 39–40), but the others were published …
  • … Letter from Emil Rade 1    [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. …
  • … From Emil Rade   [before 16] February 1877 2 Münster i./Westf. February 1877. …
  • … this letter and the letter to Emil Rade, 16 February 1877. 3. The gift was a photograph …
  • … Appendix VI. A number of other poems were included in Rade 1877.   …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

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  • … Treat, 5 January 1872 Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

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  • … Letter 10746 – Darwin to Dicey, E. M., [1877] Darwin gives his opinion on the …
  • … Letter 11267f – Darwin, S. to Darwin, [3 December 1877] Darwin’s daughter-in-law …

Exercise: Caricatures of Science

Summary

Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …

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  • …   Lydia Becker (1877) Caricature of Lydia Becker from …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

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  • …   ‘Very curious results’ In May 1877, Darwin asked one of his most trusted …
  • … of movement ( letter from R. I. Lynch, [before 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . …
  • … those of Gray, who had written an article on the subject in 1877 (A. Gray 1877e). Gray had reported …

Floral Dimorphism

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…

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  • … | Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a …
  • … findings on floral dimorphism were eventually published in 1877, but these experiments and …
  • … SOURCES Book Darwin, C. R. 1877. The different forms of flowers on plants of the …
  • … experiment, the class read chapter 1 of Charles Darwin’s 1877 T he Different Forms of …
  • … Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (London: John Murray, 1877), 16. [2] Ibid., 30. …

1.14 William Richmond, oil

Summary

< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…

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  • … of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma …
  • … bibliography ‘University News’, Observer (18 Nov. 1877), p. 6. ‘Mr. Darwin at Cambridge’, …
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