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From Leo Lesquereux   14 December 1864

Summary

Fossil flora of the Carboniferous. Variation of forms found in coal analogous to succession of forms in peat-bogs.

Author:  Leo Lesquereux
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Dec 1864
Classmark:  DAR Pamphlet Collection–CUL (bound with G256)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4715

Matches: 16 hits

  • … Scotia (see Correspondence vol.  8, letter to Charles Lyell, 22 May [1860] and n.  12). …
  • … alluded to the subject again briefly in 1860, in response to the discovery of a fossilised …
  • … 14: 455–64. Hilgard, Eugene Woldemar. 1860. Report on the geology and agriculture of the …
  • … and Arts 2d ser. 28 (1859): 21–37; 30 (1860): 63–74, 367–84; 32 (1861): 15–25, 193–205; …
  • … Arts 2d ser. 27: 359–66. Lesquereux, Leo. 1860. Botanical and palæontological report on …
  • … 1859. The edition was reprinted and published in the United States in January 1860. A …
  • … revised US edition was published in July 1860 (see Freeman 1977 , pp.  75, 83, 85). …
  • … western United States and Pennsylvania. In 1860, he was engaged on surveys of Kentucky and …
  • … American Journal of Science and Arts 30 (1860): 367–84. In this paper, Lesquereux claimed …
  • … 1859–63 ), published in the American Journal of Science and Arts 30 (1860): 367–84. …
  • … Lesquereux mistakenly wrote ‘1863’ for 1860. Schimper and Koechlin- Schlumberger 1862. The …
  • … See n.  1, above. Lesquereux 1859 . Lesquereux 1860 . This paper was a separate issue …
  • … portion of the second geological report on Arkansas, 1860. Lesquereux served as botanist …
  • … geological survey of Arkansas from 1859 to 1860. The stratigrapher Eugene Woldemar Hilgard …
  • … of the state of Mississippi ( Hilgard 1860 ). Lesquereux 1863 . An annotated copy of this …
  • … in Silliman’s Journal vol: 30 Nov b . 1860 p: 378 to 384. (I mail a copy of the pamphlet, …

From Andrew Murray   31 October 1864

Summary

Proposes to work on geographical distribution before leaving the Society.

Author:  Andrew Dickson (Andrew) Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 Oct 1864
Classmark:  DAR 171: 327
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4648

Matches: 7 hits

  • … had first corresponded on geographical distribution in 1860, in connection with Murray’s …
  • … critical review of Origin ( Murray 1860 ; see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 8, letters to Andrew Murray , 28 April [1860] , 28 [ …
  • … April 1860] , and …
  • … 5 May [1860] , and letter from …
  • … Andrew Murray, 3 May 1860 ). For CD’s interest in geographical distribution, see letter to …
  • … of the Royal Horticultural Society since 1860 ( R.   Desmond 1994 ); his resignation was …

From A. R. Wallace   2 January 1864

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Summary

Remarks on ARW’s review of Samuel Haughton’s paper on bees’ cells

and Origin.

Agassiz’s strength as geologist and weakness in natural history theory.

Work problems.

His butterfly collection.

Problems with book on Malay journey.

Recommends Herbert Spencer and his Social statics.

Spencer’s "masterly" nebular hypothesis.

Author:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Jan 1864
Classmark:  DAR 106: B8–11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4378

Matches: 10 hits

  • … 246); Huxley had proof-read portions of Spencer 1860–2 (L.  Huxley ed.  1900, 1: 212–14). …
  • … The copy of Spencer 1860–2  in the Darwin Library–CUL is not annotated and the last two …
  • … Williams & Norgate. Spencer, Herbert. 1860–2. First principles. London: George Manwaring; …
  • … read only the last part of First principles ( Spencer 1860–2 ) and was disappointed by it. …
  • … By Charles Darwin. New York: D. Appleton. 1860. Richards, Robert J. 1987. Darwin and the …
  • … Spencer’s First principles ( Spencer 1860–2 ); these constituted the first and second …
  • … the first list of subscribers issued in 1860, though CD’s does ( Spencer 1904 , 2: 484). …
  • … letter to Herbert Spencer, 2 February [1860] . CD’s annotated instalments of Spencer 1864– …
  • … 1852 ; see Correspondence vol.  8, letters to Herbert Spencer , 2 February [1860] and …
  • … 23 [February 1860] , and Marginalia 1: 773). Eventually, CD read the instalments of The …

To Louis Agassiz   12 April 1864

Summary

Thanks LA for Methods of study [1863].

Is gratified that he has not taken a personal dislike to CD, though he is strongly opposed to nearly everything CD has written.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean Louis Rodolphe (Louis) Agassiz
Date:  12 Apr 1864
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (MS Am 1419: 277)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4460

Matches: 4 hits

  • … On Agassiz’s review of Origin ( Agassiz 1860 ), see, for example, Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 8, letter to Asa Gray, 11 August [1860] . One of the former friends CD refers to may be …
  • … Bibliography Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal of Science …
  • … in Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] Correspondence : The …

To B. D. Walsh   4 December [1864]

Summary

Discusses Agassiz’s misrepresentations of his views and J. D. Dana’s "wild notions".

The reception is friendlier from younger scientists in France, and many of the best men in Germany.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Benjamin Dann Walsh
Date:  4 Dec [1864]
Classmark:  Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (Walsh)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4695

Matches: 7 hits

  • … of the Linnean Society of London 23 (1860–2): 495–566. Correspondence : The correspondence …
  • … 8, letter to W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 30 July [1860] and n.  4, and Appendix VII and n.  1. In …
  • … Baillière. Pictet de la Rive, François Jules. 1860. Sur l’origine de l’espèce par Charles …
  • … Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 11 (1860–2): 461–3). See also Winsor 1991 . In …
  • … vol.  8, letter to A.  R.  Wallace, 18 May 1860 . In Traité élémentaire de paléontologie ( …
  • … vol.  8, letter from F.  J.  Pictet de la Rive, 19 February 1860, and Pictet …
  • … de la Rive 1860 . Walsh was highly critical of James Dwight Dana’s recent work on …

To F. T. Buckland   11 December [1864]

Summary

Asks for comparison of otter-hounds’ feet with those of other dogs.

Changes in oysters.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Trevelyan (Frank) Buckland
Date:  11 Dec [1864]
Classmark:  DAR 261.11: 7 (EH 88206059)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4713

Matches: 1 hit

  • … management of the fishing industry ( Bompas 1885 , pp.  143–51). Buckland 1857  and 1860. …

From William Marshall   12 June 1864

Summary

Informs CD of two distinct forms of Plantago lanceolata.

Author:  William Marshall
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 June 1864
Classmark:  DAR 109: A88–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4530

Matches: 3 hits

  • … S.  Henslow, 5 May 1860 , and CD’s note in DAR 205.2: 188). Marshall’s reply has not been …
  • … in his letter to Marshall of 9 April [1860] ( Correspondence vol.  8). Marshall had …
  • … vol.  8, letter to J.  S.  Henslow, 2 April [1860] and n.  2, and letter from J.   …

From [C. P.]   29 April 1864

Summary

On rereading the Origin, offers a criticism on two grounds: 1. Blending inheritance; 2. The tendency of species to elude competing species. Also competition within species eliminates the weak and thus preserves the species.

Author:  Unidentified
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 Apr 1864
Classmark:  DAR 174: 1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4476

Matches: 4 hits

  • … of Journal of researches pp. ? , and in the 1860 edition, p.  380, after describing the …
  • … Press. 1985–. Journal of researches (1860): Journal of researches into the natural history …
  • … Darwin. Reprint edition. London: John Murray. 1860. Journal of researches 2d ed. : Journal …
  • … 2d ed. , pp.  379–80; Journal of researches (1860) , p.  vii, Natural selection , p.  257; …

From William Henry Harvey   19 May 1864

Summary

Sends dandelion [enclosed] with peculiar form of achene; suggests this solitary "sport" must have arisen by sudden jump from normal type.

Author:  William Henry Harvey
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 May 1864
Classmark:  DAR 166: 116
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4503

Matches: 4 hits

  • … vols. and supplement. London: L. Reeve and Co. 1860–1933. Harvey, William Henry. 1859–63. …
  • … vol.  8, letter from W.  H.  Harvey, 24 August 1860  and n.  14, and letter to W.   …
  • … H.  Harvey, [20–4 September 1860] ). Harvey was an advocate of transmutation through the …
  • … in great or sudden variations in plants. In 1860 he opened a debate on an abnormal form of …

From J. D. Hooker   5 February 1864

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Summary

John Scott’s paper [see 4332] read at Linnean Society; praised by George Bentham.

Himalayan pine in Macedonia.

JDH is in a quarrel with H. C. Watson.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Feb 1864
Classmark:  DAR 100: 161; DAR 101: 180–1, 201
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4401

Matches: 5 hits

  • … of Arctic plants’ ( J.  D.  Hooker 1860 ; see letter from Hewett Cottrell Watson to J.   …
  • … distribution patterns (see J.  D.  Hooker 1860 , pp.  253–4, and Origin , pp.  365–82); …
  • … 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 20 November [1860] and n.  9). For Watson’s work on plant …
  • … 8, letter from H.  C.  Watson, [3? January 1860] ; for CD’s published response to Watson’s …
  • … publish a criticism of J.  D.  Hooker 1860 until 1868, when the first volume of Watson  …

To J. D. Hooker   10 June [1864]

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Summary

CD has proved common oxlip to be a hybrid of cowslip and primrose.

Reviewing literature on climbing plants, CD finds he has much new material.

W. H. Harvey claims evidence of saltation in a dandelion.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  10 June [1864]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 238a–c
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4525

Matches: 4 hits

  • … H.  Harvey, 19 May 1864  and n.  4. In 1860, Hooker had replied in print to another case, …
  • … to the Gardeners’ Chronicle , 25 February 1860, pp.  170–1, and Correspondence vol.  8, …
  • … letters to J.  D.  Hooker, [20 February 1860] and …
  • … 26 [February 1860] . According to his ‘Journal’ ( Correspondence vol.  12, Appendix II), …

From Hermann Kindt   16 September 1864

Summary

CD’s views go hand-in-hand with those of Ludwig Büchner.

He requests an autograph for a friend.

Author:  Hermann Adolph Christian August (Hermann) Kindt
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Sept 1864
Classmark:  DAR 169: 12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4615

Matches: 3 hits

  • … German edition of Origin , published in 1860, and the second German edition, published in …
  • … 1863 (Bronn trans.  1860 and Bronn trans.  1863). A third German edition of Origin was …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1860. Origin : On the origin of species by means …

From Patrick Matthew   6 June 1864

Summary

Would like to meet CD.

He is writing a piece on the Schleswig-Holstein affair which will expose the British press.

Author:  Patrick Matthew
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 June 1864
Classmark:  DAR 171: 92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4522

Matches: 3 hits

  • … to the Gardeners’ Chronicle , 7 April 1860 ( Correspondence vol.  8, Appendix V), Matthew …
  • … to the Gardeners’ Chronicle , [13 April 1860] ( Correspondence vol.  8), and in Origin 3d …
  • … The rise of the Anglo-German antagonism, 1860–1914. London: George Allen & Unwin. Matthew, …

From J. D. Hooker   9 [March] 1864

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Summary

Reception of Scott’s paper.

Difficulty of writing Boott’s obituary.

Critical of Edward Frankland’s glacial theory.

Falconer’s and Ramsay’s views on Himalayan lakes lack support of basic evidence.

Taxonomic distribution of climbing plants.

Huxley picks quarrels with minor figures and thus magnifies them.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 [Mar] 1864
Classmark:  DAR 101: 189–92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4404

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Hooker’s Arctic essay ( J.  D.  Hooker 1860 ). For Hooker’s earlier discussion of his …
  • … same article that included his review of Origin ( [R.  Owen] 1860 ). There is an annotated …
  • … copy of [R.  Owen] 1860  in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. Scott 1864a . See letter …
  • … identified. In his letter of 29 February 1860 ( Correspondence vol.  8), Boott wrote: ‘I …

From Daniel Oliver   16 December 1864

Summary

Sends addresses of Planchon, Hofmeister, and Schleiden.

Hermann Crüger left no widow.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Dec 1864
Classmark:  DAR 173: 29
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4718

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Wall completed his work as director of the Geological Survey of Trinidad in 1860 (see Wall …
  • … and Sawkins 1860). Crüger’s obituary, published in Botanische Zeitung 22 (1864): 119–20, …

From Henry Holland   4 November [1864]

Summary

Congratulations on the Copley Medal.

Author:  Henry Holland, 1st baronet
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 Nov [1864]
Classmark:  DAR 166: 244
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4659

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Longmans, Green, and Co. Spencer, Herbert. 1860–2. First principles. London: George …
  • … of Spencer’s First principles ( Spencer 1860–2 ). Instalment no.  10 (pp.  241–320) was …

To Henry Holland   6 November [1864]

Summary

Thanks for congratulations on award of Copley Medal by the Royal Society.

Discusses his long period of ill health.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Holland, 1st baronet
Date:  6 Nov [1864]
Classmark:  Peter Harrington (dealer) (September 2020)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4661F

Matches: 2 hits

  • … University Press. 1985–. Spencer, Herbert. 1860–2. First principles. London: George …
  • … continuation of his First principles ( Spencer 1860–2 ; see Correspondence vol. 12, letter …

From Edward Cresy   29 July 1864

Summary

Requests letter of introduction to Asa Gray.

Went to Linnean Society to hear CD’s Lythrum paper read [Collected papers 2: 106–31].

Author:  Edward Cresy, Jr
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 July 1864
Classmark:  DAR 161: 242
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4579

Matches: 2 hits

  • … an article of Gray’s on Origin ( [Gray] 1860 ) that CD had recommended (see Correspondence …
  • … 8, letter to Edward Cresy, 12 December [1860] ). CD wrote in his letter to Cresy of 28  …

From F. T. Buckland   13 December 1864

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Summary

Sorry to hear CD ill.

On his return from Galway, will arrange with CD about visiting and showing him his specimens.

Author:  Francis Trevelyan (Frank) Buckland
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Dec 1864
Classmark:  DAR 160: 357
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4714

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Life Guards in 1857, and obtained the rank of major-general in 1860 ( Hart’s army list ). …

From Andrew Murray   15 February 1864

Summary

A regular column is to appear in the Proceedings of the Royal Horticultural Society on successful and failed interspecific crosses.

Author:  Andrew Dickson (Andrew) Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Feb 1864
Classmark:  DAR 171: 326
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4407

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of Origin and Murray’s review of it ( Murray 1860 ), he and CD had discussed hybridism and …
  • … vol.  8, letter to Andrew Murray, 5 May [1860] ). CD’s reply has not been found; however, …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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