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To John Murray   10 December 1859

Summary

Sends receipt for bill for £180 due 27 May 1860 [for Origin].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  10 Dec 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.22–23)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2577

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Sends receipt for bill for £180 due 27 May 1860 [for Origin ]. …
  • … you for, your Bill for £180, due May 27 th 1860. — Pray believe me | My dear Sir | Yours …
  • … The sum is recorded in CD’s Account book (Down House MS) under the date of 28 May 1860. …

To T. H. Huxley   [9 December 1859]

Summary

Sends enclosure [unspecified].

Reminds THH to mention [German] translation [of Origin] when he writes to R. A. von Kölliker.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  [9 Dec 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 145: 189
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2574

Matches: 5 hits

  • … of Origin , see Correspondence vol.  8, letters to T.  H. Huxley, 2 [February 1860] and …
  • … 4 February [1860] , and to H.   …
  • … G. Bronn, 4 February [1860]. …
  • … sent him a copy of the second edition of Origin in April 1860 (see Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 8, letter to John Murray,9April [1860] ). CD had formerly presented Kölliker with a copy …

To Armand de Quatrefages   5 December [1859]

Summary

Mentions English scientists who support mutability of species.

Asks QdeB whether he could help locate a French translator and publisher.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau
Date:  5 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.183)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2571

Matches: 6 hits

  • … a publisher. See Correspondence vol.  8, letters to Edward Cresy, 15 January [1860] and …
  • … 20 January [1860] , and letter to …
  • … John Murray, 23 [January 1860] . …
  • … vol.  8, letters to J.  L. A.  de Quatrefages de Bréau, 21 January [1860] and …
  • … 30 March [1860]. The first French translation of Origin was eventually prepared by …
  • … Belloc’s letter has not been found. In 1860, she did prepare a French translation of a …

To A. R. Wallace   9 August 1859

Summary

Will forward ARW’s "admirable" paper to Linnean Society ["On the zoological geography of the Malay Archipelago", J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.) 4 (1860): 172–84].

Discusses geographical distribution of animals in the Malay Archipelago; relation of distribution to depth of sea between islands.

Relation of Celebes to Africa almost passes belief.

Differs wholly from ARW on colonisation of oceanic islands; does not believe in Forbes’s great continental extensions.

Anticipates Owen’s opposition to their views, but "he is a poor reasoner & deeply considers the good opinion of the world, especially the aristocratic world".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:  9 Aug 1859
Classmark:  The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2480

Matches: 6 hits

  • … J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool. ) 4 (1860): 172–84]. Discusses geographical distribution of …
  • … of Origin in the Edinburgh Review in April 1860, although in December 1859 he gave CD the …
  • … Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Wallace, Alexander. 1860. Remarks on the occurrence of …
  • … rarer British Sphingidae. [Read 4 June 1860. ] Transactions of the Entomological Society …
  • … a meeting on3 November 1859 ( Wallace 1860 ). In Origin , p.  395, CD cited George Windsor …
  • … areas outside the archipelago ( Wallace 1860 , pp.  176–7). Wallace favoured the view that …

To T. H. Huxley   25 November [1859]

Summary

Rejoices over THH’s lecture ["On species and races, and their origin", 10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): 195–200] to be given at Royal Institution. Offers pigeon illustrations.

Adam Sedgwick has sent a "slashing" letter [2548] about Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  25 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 74)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2554

Matches: 4 hits

  • … species and races, and their origin", 10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): …
  • … from the wild rock pigeon ( T.  H. Huxley 1860 ,p.  197). See letter to T.  H. Huxley, 16  …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, [22 November 1859] ). The lecture was delivered on 10 February 1860 ( T.   …
  • … H. Huxley 1860 ). At his lecture, Huxley exhibited skulls and illustrations of various …

To Charles Lyell   2 December [1859]

Summary

Comments on note from Charles Kingsley saying CD’s theory is not opposed to a high conception of the Deity.

Mentions negative views of Origin of Sedgwick, John Crawfurd, Roderick Murchison, John Phillips, and Joseph Prestwich.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  2 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.181)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2565

Matches: 5 hits

  • … letter to John Phillips, 14 November [1860] . Joseph Prestwich , while generally accepting …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1860. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … John Murray. 1859. Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. …
  • … In his presidential address to the Geological Society of London on 17 February 1860 ( …
  • … Phillips 1860 , p. xxxvi), Phillips stated: we may agree with Mr. Darwin in his more …

To John Higgins   26 December 1859

Summary

Discusses purchase of additional land.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Higgins
Date:  26 Dec 1859
Classmark:  Lincolnshire Archives (HIG/4/2/3/2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2605

Matches: 3 hits

  • … CD purchased additional farmland in Lincolnshire in 1860. See Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 8, letters to John Higgins , 13 June [1860] and …
  • … 21 June [1860] . …

To F. J. Pictet de la Rive   24 December [1859]

Summary

Sends Origin to FJP. "I rest my conviction solely on the fact, as it seems to me, that the theory explains large classes of facts otherwise inexplicable." Has made important converts: Lyell, Hooker, Huxley, and W. B. Carpenter.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  François Jules Pictet de la Rive
Date:  24 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  Bibliothèque de Genève (MS. fr. 1651, ff. 6–7)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2598

Matches: 3 hits

  • … vol.  8, letter to Asa Gray, 20 April 1860) . An annotated copy of the review is in the …
  • … 8, letter from F.  J.  Pictet de la Rive,19 February 1860. Pictet de la Rive reviewed …
  • … des Sciences de la Bibliothèque Universelle 3 (1860): 233-- 55. CD thought that of all the …

To Charles Lyell   2 September [1859]

Summary

CL’s research on flint tools.

Promises to send proof-sheets of Origin. Discusses his view of species.

Ill health of himself and his family.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  2 Sept [1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.167)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2486

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on geographical distribution ( Wallace 1860 ). Neither the letter nor the postscript has …
  • … of London 12: 124–31. [Vols. 6,7] Wallace, Alexander. 1860. Remarks on the occurrence of …
  • … rarer British Sphingidae. [Read 4 June 1860. ] Transactions of the Entomological Society …

To John Phillips   11 November [1859]

Summary

Sends Origin to JP. Says it is as yet only an abstract. Fears JP will "fulminate anathemas" against it. Asks him to read it all straight through, otherwise it will be unintelligible.

Is not so foolish as to expect to convert anyone. CD remembers how many long years his own conversion took. Hooker "has completely given up species as immutable creatures".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Phillips
Date:  11 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  Oxford University Museum of Natural History Archive Collections (John Phillips collection))
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2521

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in his anniversary address to the Geological Society in 1860 ( Quarterly Journal of the …
  • … Geological Society of London 16 (1860): xxxvi). …

To Elizabeth Drysdale   [22 or 29 October 1859]

Summary

Declines an invitation to visit [Moor] Park.

He hopes that Dr Lane is arranging things to his satisfaction.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth Pew, Lady Drysdale; Elizabeth Copland, Lady Drysdale; Elizabeth Drysdale, Lady Drysdale
Date:  [22 or 29] Oct 1859
Classmark:  John Wilson (dealer) (Catalogue 88); Clive Farahar & Sophie Dupré (dealers) (Catalogue 55); B & L Rootenberg (dealers) (May 1991)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2498A

Matches: 3 hits

  • … vol 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Two pages of this four-page letter are …
  • … trying to acquire a new establishment. In 1860, he moved to a hydropathic establishment at …
  • … in DAR 48B, and are dated between 1858 and 1860; he discussed the cell-making instinct of …

To A. C. Ramsay   24 June [1859]

Summary

Comments on ACR’s "The old glaciers [of Switzerland and N. Wales", in Peaks, passes, and glaciers: a series of excursions by members of the Alpine Club, ed. J. Ball (1859)]. Discusses erratic blocks in the Jura. Notes views of Lyell.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Andrew Crombie Ramsay
Date:  24 June [1859]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Ramsay 306: 4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2291

Matches: 3 hits

  • … John Murray. Ramsay, Andrew Crombie. 1860. The old glaciers of Switzerland and North …
  • … chapter for separate publication ( Ramsay 1860 ) he included a footnote that incorporated …
  • … this information from CD.  See Ramsay 1860 , pp.   32--3 n. Whereas Charles Lyell and CD …

To A. R. Wallace   13 November 1859

Summary

A copy of CD’s book [Origin] has been sent to ARW; invites his comments. "God knows what the public will think". Hooker believes Lyell is a convert, but CD does not think so, although he is "deeply interested". If he can convert Huxley, CD will be content.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:  13 Nov 1859
Classmark:  The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2529

Matches: 3 hits

  • … in the Moluccas, and acknowledged receipt on 16 February 1860 in a letter, no longer …
  • … extant, that CD answered on18 May 1860. See Correspondence vol.  8, letter …
  • … to A.  R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 . Charles Lyell and Joseph Dalton Hooker had been …

To George Varenne Reed   1 July [1859]

Summary

Sends payment for Francis Darwin’s tutoring. Inquires about possible arrangements for his son Leonard, who is slow and not well, to attend with Francis.

Asks whether he can have a cutting of GVR’s carrion-smelling Arum which he needs for an experiment.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Varenne Reed
Date:  1 July [1859]
Classmark:  Buckinghamshire Record Office (D 22/39/2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2474

Matches: 3 hits

  • … have gone regularly to Reed for tutoring until 1860. The payments to Reed for each quarter …
  • … at the usual level of £10 10 s . until March 1860, when CD recorded the sum of £13 2 s . 6 …
  • … entered Clapham Grammar School in August 1860 ( Emma Darwin (1904) 2: 192). CD conducted …

To T. H. Huxley   24 December [1859]

Summary

Sends MS on pigeons for THH’s lecture at Royal Institution.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  24 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  Private collection
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2600

Matches: 2 hits

  • … at the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860, Huxley described the history of the various …
  • … new and diverging breeds ( T.  H. Huxley 1860 , pp.  197–8). A copy of this letter made …

To John Murray   22 December [1859]

Summary

Asa Gray offers to arrange for reprinting Origin in U. S. CD has told him JM would send sheets of 2d ed. by post.

CD thinks he has good scheme for his "larger work" in three volumes, with separate titles and a general title. Will be two years before first volume is ready because of his health.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  22 Dec [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.68–69)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2594

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Although the letter is endorsed ‘1860’, this is plainly a mistake. …
  • … of Origin was published in mid-January 1860. See letter to Asa Gray, 21 December [1859] . …

To A. C. Ramsay   [26 June 1859]

Summary

Has finished ACR’s article ["The old glaciers of Switzerland and N. Wales" in Peaks, passes, and glaciers, ed. J. Ball (1859)]. Asks the authority for glacial drifts in Siberia. Wishes ACR would examine the Glen Roy parallel roads and settle the problem.

Asks if it is certain that traces of organic remains have been found in Long Mynd beds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Andrew Crombie Ramsay
Date:  [26 June 1859]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2842

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Press. 1985–. Ramsay, Andrew Crombie. 1860. The old glaciers of Switzerland and North …
  • … republished this essay as a book ( Ramsay 1860 ), he added the information requested by CD …
  • … in a note. See Ramsay 1860 , pp.  90–1. Ramsay 1859 , p.  459. Ramsay proposed that the …

To John Lubbock   8 March [1859]

Summary

Wants examples of insects (especially Diptera) in which embryo resembles adult, to show that the metamorphic stages may be lost.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  8 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 29 (EH 88206478)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2426

Matches: 2 hits

  • … due to financial disagreement with the Brighton Railway Company in 1860. See Bradshaw’s …
  • … railway manual, and directory 1859 and 1860. John William Lubbock , John Lubbock’s father …

To W. B. Carpenter   18 November [1859]

Summary

Comments on WBC’s response to the Origin. Hopes he will review it. Acceptance will depend more on men like WBC, with well-established reputations, than on his own writings.

"Lyell thinks the chapter on the Imperfection of the Geological Record not exaggerated."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Benjamin Carpenter
Date:  18 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 261.6: 1 (EH 88205918)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2535

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Origin in two publications: The National Review (January 1860) and the British and …
  • … Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review (April 1860). A copy of the latter is in the Darwin …

To T. H. Huxley   27 November [1859]

Summary

Sends references for materials useful for THH’s lecture.

Breeding and crossing. Pigeon fanciers.

Responses to Origin: A. C. Ramsay, Charles Kingsley, Quatrefages de Bréau.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  27 Nov [1859]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 76)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2558

Matches: 3 hits

  • … the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860. CD refers to the works on plant hybridisation …
  • … 8, letter from A.  C. Ramsay, 21 February 1860 . Joseph Prestwich , a specialist on the …
  • … 8, letter to Joseph Prestwich, 12 March [1860] . See letter from Charles Kingsley, 18  …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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