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To T. H. Huxley   2 December [1860]

Summary

Is sick of hostile reviews but they have helped in showing where he must expatiate and expand in new edition of Origin.

Has more confidence in the general truth of his view. Disappointed THH does not think it more probable than he did at first.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  2 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 149)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3003

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   2 December [1860] …
  • … See letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 16 November [1860] and …
  • … 22 November [1860] . …
  • … Phillips 1860 . …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 149) Charles Robert Darwin Down 2 Dec [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … Bibliography Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. Cambridge …

To T. H. Huxley   4 March [1860]

Summary

Gardeners’ Chronicle has reprinted THH’s Times review.

W. H. Harvey made weak attack on Origin [Gard. Chron. (1860): 145–6], to which Hooker made admirable rejoinder [Gard. Chron. (1860): 170–1].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  4 Mar [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 109)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2720

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   4 March [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 109) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Mar [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … made weak attack on Origin [ Gard. Chron. (1860): 145–6], to which Hooker made admirable …
  • … rejoinder [ Gard. Chron. (1860): 170–1]. …
  • … reprinted in the Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , 3 March 1860, pp.  192–3. …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , 18 February 1860, p.   …
  • … 145, and 25 February 1860, pp.  170–1. See letter …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 26 [February 1860] . …

To T. H. Huxley   10 September [1860]

Summary

Sends Asa Gray’s review [of Origin]. Asks THH’s advice on getting it reprinted in England.

Hooker’s expedition to Syria.

Disgraceful review of Tyndall’s book in Athenæum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  10 Sept [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 135–6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2909

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   10 September [1860] …
  • … See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 20 July [1860] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 6 September [1860] and n.  5. …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 135–6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Sept [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … Bibliography Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal of Science …
  • … Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] Origin : On the origin of species …
  • … second part of [Gray] 1860b. See preceding letter. CD refers to [Wollaston] 1860  and to a …
  • … reprint of Agassiz 1860 , published in the September issue of the Annals and Magazine of …
  • … Gray . See letter to Asa Gray, 26 September [1860] . See preceding letter and n.  10. …

To T. H. Huxley   20 July [1860]

Summary

On the Fraser’s Magazine review by Hopkins [see 2860] and the Quarterly Review article by Wilberforce ["Darwin’s Origin of species", 108 (1860): 225–64]. The course of opinion since Oxford BAAS meeting. Asa Gray.

Need for Natural History Review, but fears it will be a burden for THH and lessen his original work. His own problem with work: if he had other duties he would be able to do absolutely nothing in science.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  20 July [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 125)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2873

Matches: 15 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   20 July [1860] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin Wedgwood, S. E. (b) Hartfield 20 July [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … invasion by France. Henrietta Emma Darwin . Bronn trans.  1860, pp.  495–520. See letters …
  • … to H.  G.  Bronn, 14 July [1860] and …
  • … 5 October [1860] . …
  • … Darwin’s Origin of species ", 108 (1860): 225–64]. The course of opinion since Oxford BAAS …
  • … Hopkins 1860  and [ …
  • … Wilberforce] 1860 . In his review of …
  • … Samuel Wilberforce stated ( [Wilberforce] 1860 , p.  259): How can we account for all …
  • … the Most High … CD’s copy of [Wilberforce] 1860  is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. …
  • … Chicago Press. 1977. Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of life. …
  • … H. Baillière. [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review 108: …
  • … number of Irish natural history societies. By 1860, the editors found it hard to continue …
  • … new series ( Natural History Review 7 (1860): 65–6). The editors of the first series were …
  • … wrote to Joseph Dalton Hooker on 17 July 1860 that the ‘tone of the Review will be mildly …

To T. H. Huxley   11 April [1860]

Summary

On THH’s lecture at Royal Institution ["On species and races, and their origin", Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): 195–200]. Praises eloquence of his conclusion.

Has sent first part of German translation of Origin to THH.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  11 Apr [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 113)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2756

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   11 April [1860] …
  • … 10 April (see letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 10 April [1860] ). …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 113) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Apr [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … at the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860. T.  H.  Huxley 1860a . There is an annotated …
  • … Pamphlet Collection–CUL. See letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 9 April [1860] , and to John …
  • … Murray , 9 April [1860]. CD refers to Heinrich Georg Bronn’ …
  • … translation of Origin (Bronn trans.  1860). CD had received copies of the first part on …

To T. H. Huxley   16 November [1860]

Summary

Thanks THH for his lecture ["On the study of zoology", Lay sermons, addresses and reviews (1870), pp. 104–31]. Best exposé and classification of the higher objects of natural history he has ever read. On reading and observation.

Henrietta’s lack of improvement.

R. McDonnell’s work on rays and electric organs of fishes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  16 Nov [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 145)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2986

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   16 November [1860] …
  • … left Beirut en route for London on 5 November  1860 (L.  Huxley ed.  1918, 1: 528). …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 145) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Nov [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … Company. London: Trübner. Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal …
  • … Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] ]Correspondence : The …
  • … Karl Ernst von Baer (see letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 August 1860 , and letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 8 August [1860] ). Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … at the South Kensington Museum on 14 May 1860. The lecture was entitled ‘On the study of …
  • … the method of teaching a science class’ (1860–1). Neither CD’s copy of the lecture nor the …
  • … of Origin was published towards the end of 1860 in Agassiz 1857–62 , 2 (pt 1): 89–99. The …
  • … and Magazine of Natural History ( Agassiz 1860 ). Leonard Horner was acquainted with many …

To T. H. Huxley   [26 January 1860]

Summary

Has arranged with Baily the poulterer for pigeons for THH to exhibit at Royal Institution lecture.

E. A. Darwin will subscribe to H. Spencer’s book [First principles: a system of philosophy (1862)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  [26 Jan 1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 119)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2673

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   [26 January 1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 119) Charles Robert Darwin Down [26 Jan 1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … CD also subscribed to the series (see letter to Herbert Spencer, 2 February [1860] ). …
  • … A copy of Spencer 1860–2  is in the Darwin Library–CUL. …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Spencer, Herbert. 1860–2. First principles. London: George …
  • … forthcoming lecture, given on 10 February 1860 at the Royal Institution ( T.  H.  Huxley  …
  • … CD visited London from 24 to 27 January 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). Huxley planned to …
  • … Institution lecture on Friday, 10 February 1860. John Baily , and his father, John Baily …
  • … see Correspondence vols.  5 and 6). Spencer 1860–2 . The work, entitled First principles , …

To T. H. Huxley   5 [December 1860]

Summary

Thanks THH for his note; pleased by what he says. Is too sensitive about shades of opinion of men like THH.

The Macmillan article on Origin [H. Fawcett, "A popular exposition of Mr Darwin on the origin of species", Macmillan’s Mag. 3 (1860): 81–92].

J. E. Gray’s misunderstanding of Origin.

Account of the encounter at Oxford BAAS meeting.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  5 [Dec 1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5:130)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3009

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   5 [December 1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5:130) Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 [Dec 1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … origin of species", Macmillan’s Mag. 3 (1860): 81–92]. J. E. Gray’s misunderstanding of …
  • … had been developed out of an ape. ’ ( Fawcett 1860 , pp.  88). For a fuller account of the …
  • … the letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 2 December [1860] , CD lamented that Huxley had not accepted …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Fawcett, Henry. 1860. A popular exposition of Mr Darwin on the …
  • … Darwin on the origin of species’, was published in the December 1860 issue of Macmillan’ …
  • … s Magazine ( Fawcett 1860 ). Stating that all hostile critics had repudiated CD’s theory …
  • … of direct induction, ratiocination, and then verification ( Fawcett 1860 , pp.  83–4). …
  • … confrontation with Samuel Wilberforce at the 1860 meeting of the British Association for …
  • … gave birth to Leonard Huxley on 11 December 1860. She was still grieving over the death of …

To T. H. Huxley   3 July [1860]

Summary

Has had a report on Oxford BAAS meeting from Hooker. Asks THH to write about it. Has heard he fought nobly with Owen and Bishop Samuel Wilberforce. Regrets trouble he has caused his friends.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  3 July [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 121)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2854

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   3 July [1860] …
  • … Huxley 5: 121) Charles Robert Darwin Sudbrook Park 3 July [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … been found. See also letter to Asa Gray, 3 July [1860] . …
  • … Bibliography Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of life. Fraser’s …
  • … establishment from 28 June to 7 July 1860 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). Emma Darwin recorded …
  • … diary that she and the children left for Hartfield on 3 July 1860. See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 2 July 1860 . CD refers to Richard Owen and Samuel Wilberforce , the bishop of …
  • … published in Fraser’s Magazine ( Hopkins 1860 ), William Hopkins discussed the religious …
  • … selection” and made permanent? ‘ ( Hopkins 1860 , 62: 88). CD’s letter to Hopkins has not …

To T. H. Huxley   8 August [1860]

Summary

News of K. E. von Baer’s support is magnificent – far outweighs Owen and Agassiz. Asks THH to tell Baer that a statement from him would be of utmost value.

R. Wagner [in an article on Louis Agassiz’s principles of classification, Göttingsche gelehrte Anzeiger (1860) pt 2: 761–800] "goes half way" between Agassiz and Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  8 Aug [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 133)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2893

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   8 August [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 133) Charles Robert Darwin Down 8 Aug [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … of classification, Göttingsche gelehrte Anzeiger (1860) pt 2: 761–800] "goes half way" …
  • … Letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 August 1860 . See letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 2 December [1860] . R.  Owen 1859b . See preceding letter. Louis Agassiz …
  • … is an annotated copy of the review ( Agassiz 1860 ) in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL, …
  • … University, 1962. ] Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal of …
  • … Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] Origin : On the origin of species …

To T. H. Huxley   22 November [1860]

Summary

Has had a good letter from Robert McDonnell. Thinks he will be converted in time.

Impatient to see first number of Natural History Review.

Murray wants a new edition of Origin immediately.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  22 Nov [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 147)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2994

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   22 November [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 147) Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Nov [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … in the letter to Charles Lyell, 24 November [1860] . The first volume in the new series of …
  • … See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 16 November [1860] and n.  11. CD was confusing Karl Theodor …
  • … about Baer’s general approval of Origin in the letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 August 1860 . …
  • … CD began preparing the third English edition in December 1860 (de Beer ed.  1959). In his …
  • … letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 16 November [1860] , CD asked about the Irish naturalist with …

To T. H. Huxley   [5 July 1860]

Summary

THH’s long account of Oxford meeting. Has he no reverence for a bishop?

W. Hopkins’ review in Fraser’s Magazine is nothing new.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  [5 July 1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 123)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2861

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   [5 July 1860] …
  • … Huxley 5: 123) Charles Robert Darwin Sudbrook Park [5 July 1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … Bibliography Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of life. Fraser’s …
  • … at Sudbrook Park from 28 June to 7 July 1860 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). Huxley’s letter has …
  • … See preceding letter and n.  3. Hopkins 1860 . CD’s letter to William Hopkins has not been …

To T. H. Huxley   2 [February 1860]

Summary

H. G. Bronn offers to superintend a German translation of Origin.

Bronn has reviewed Origin [Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie (1860), p. 112].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  2 [Feb 1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 80)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2679

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   2 [February 1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 80) Charles Robert Darwin Down 2 [Feb 1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … of Origin . Bronn has reviewed Origin [ Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie (1860), p. 112]. …
  • … at the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860. The letter from Heinrich Georg Bronn has not …
  • … and published many of Bronn’s works. In 1860 the owner of the firm was Christian Friedrich …
  • … letter to T.  H.  Huxley, [26 January 1860] . Bronn reviewed Origin in the Neues Jahrbuch …

To T. H. Huxley   [after 20 April 1860]

Summary

Asks whether THH had by mistake taken the National Review containing W. B. Carpenter’s review.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  [after 20 Apr 1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 255)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2765A

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   [after 20 April 1860] …
  • … Huxley 5: 255) Charles Robert Darwin [after 20 Apr 1860] Down Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … visited Down on the weekend of 7 April 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … the National Review . See preceding letter and letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 18 [April 1860] . …

To T. H. Huxley   9 April [1860]

Summary

Owen on the branchiae of Balanidae.

The Edinburgh Review article on the Origin [by Owen, 111 (1860): 487–532] full of misrepresentations, with a brutal attack on THH.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  9 Apr [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 111)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2751

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   9 April [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 111) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Apr [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … article on the Origin [by Owen, 111 (1860): 487–532] full of misrepresentations, with a …
  • … Royal Institution lecture of 10 February 1860 in which Huxley discussed CD’s theory ( T.   …
  • … and his wife Henrietta Anne Huxley visited Down on 7 April 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). …

To T. H. Huxley   21 [January 1860]

Summary

Sends copy of 2d ed. of Origin, with list of corrections.

Is at work on "fuller work" [Variation].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  21 [Jan 1860]
Classmark:  Janet Huxley (private collection); Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 102)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2660

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   21 [January 1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 102) Charles Robert Darwin Down 21 [Jan 1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … was published by John Murray on 7 January 1860 ( Correspondence vol. 8, Appendix II). For …
  • … with the letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860] ( Correspondence vol. 8). Huxley became a …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1860. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … 8, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [22 January 1860] . Emma Darwin ’s diary (DAR 242) indicates …
  • … assist Huxley in the preparation of his Royal Institution lecture on 10 February 1860 ( T. …
  • … H. Huxley 1860 ). See Correspondence vol.  7, letters to T.  H. Huxley, 16 December [1859] …
  • … vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] and n. 3. In Origin 2d ed. , p. 304, CD …

To T. H. Huxley   9 January [1860]

Summary

Sends ticket to pigeon show.

A quotation from Erasmus Darwin’s Zoonomia [1794, 1796] shows that he anticipated Lamarck.

G. Grote impressed by Times review [26 Dec 1859, p. 8].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  9 Jan [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 96)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2646

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   9 January [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 96) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Jan [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … show of the Philoperisteron Society was held on 11 January 1860 at the Freemason’s Tavern, …
  • … London ( Cottage Gardener , 17 January 1860, p.  248). CD had been a member of the society …
  • … Institution of Great Britain on 10 February 1860; to assist Huxley, CD had provided him …
  • … See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 1 January [1860] . E.  Darwin 1794–6 , 1: 504. CD’s copy of …

To T. H. Huxley   1 November [1860]

Summary

THH’s term "Pithecoid Man" is a theory in itself.

CD is convinced that his doctrine of a mundane period of glaciation is correct.

Henrietta’s serious illness.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  1 Nov [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 141)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2972

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   1 November [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 141) Charles Robert Darwin Eastbourne 1 Nov [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … 4). See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 18 September [1860] . The London physician Henry Holland …
  • … to Eastbourne to examine Henrietta Darwin on 29 October 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). …
  • … Darwin recorded in her diary on 29 October 1860 that Henrietta Darwin’s ‘Sickness ended. ’ …
  • … of the Geological Society on 21 November 1860 on some vertebrate remains discovered in …

To T. H. Huxley   11 January [1860]

Summary

On the problem of want of sterility in crosses of domestic varieties. Refers to discussion in Origin, pp. 267–72 ["Fertility of varieties when crossed"]. We do not know precise cause of sterility in species.

Andrew Murray has attacked Origin [see 2647].

H. C. Watson objects to natural selection on grounds of limitless diversification of species.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  11 Jan [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 98)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2649

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   11 January [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 98) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Jan [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … c . June 1855]. Letter from H.  C.  Watson, [3? January 1860] , and letter to H.   …
  • … C.  Watson, [5–11 January 1860] . The letters to Charles Lyell and to Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … at the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860. In his lecture, Huxley stated his general …
  • … 2): 149 discusses Huxley’s point: Jan 11. 1860. Huxley objects to domestic vars.  not …

To T. H. Huxley   14 April [1860]

Summary

On THH’s "Deep-sea soundings in the North Atlantic" ["Report on the examination of specimens of bottom" in Deep-sea soundings made in H.M.S. "Cyclops", Lieut. Commander J. Dayman (1858)]. Suggests further investigations be made of deposits of calcareous organisms.

THH’s "extinguished theologians lie about the cradle of every science" ["The origin of species", Westminster Rev. 17 (1860): 541–70].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  14 Apr [1860]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 115)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2760

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To T.  H.  Huxley   14 April [1860] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 115) Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 Apr [1860] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … See letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 13 April [ 1860] . The letter from Charles Lyell has not been …
  • … cradle of every science" ["The origin of species", Westminster Rev. 17 (1860): 541–70]. …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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