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To Charles Lyell   11 August [1860]

Summary

Comments on his fear that "so many heavy guns fired by great men" might influence the public and scientists.

Sends CL the Owen-inspired Wilberforce review [Q. Rev. 108 (1860): 225–64].

Mentions defence of Origin by Asa Gray at American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Agassiz and Theophilus Parsons have poor criticisms ["Prof. Agassiz on the origin of species", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 30 (1860): 142–54].

Lists other negative reviews by Rudolph Wagner ["An essay on classification by Louis Agassiz", Göttingische Gelehrte Anz. (1860) pt 2: 761–800], Charles Daubeny ["Remarks on the final causes of the sexuality of plants, with particular reference to Mr Darwin’s work On the origin of species by natural selection", Rep. BAAS 30 (1860) pt 2: 109–10], and two anonymous ones (one favourable).

Huxley says K. E. von Baer "goes a long way with us".

Comments on "pipes" in chalk as evidence of geological processes still at work.

Is writing on origin of dog breeds [Variation 1: 15–43].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  11 Aug [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.223)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2895

Matches: 33 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   11 August [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.223) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Aug [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … Bibliography Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal of Science …
  • … in Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] Correspondence : The …
  • … inspired Wilberforce review [ Q. Rev. 108 (1860): 225–64]. Mentions defence of Origin by …
  • … origin of species", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 30 (1860): 142–54]. Lists other negative reviews …
  • … Down from Hartfield, Sussex, on 2 August 1860 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). Samuel Pickworth …
  • … Agassiz", Göttingische Gelehrte Anz. (1860) pt 2: 761–800], Charles Daubeny ["Remarks on …
  • … by natural selection ", Rep. BAAS 30 (1860) pt 2: 109–10], and two anonymous ones (one …
  • … request. See preceding letter and letter to Asa Gray, 22 July [1860] . See letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [17 July 1860] , and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 22 July [1860]. R.  Owen 1859b . …
  • … See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 7 August [1860] , and to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 8 August [1860]. …
  • … Agassiz 1860 . Probably Jeffries Wyman . See preceding letter. Wagner 1860b . …
  • … See also letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 8 August [1860] and n.  5. See letter …
  • … from T.  H.  Huxley, 6 August 1860 . …
  • … Parsons 1860 . See preceding letter. The reference is to an anonymous review of Origin …
  • … John Murray. 1859. Parsons, Theophilus. 1860. On the Origin of species. American Journal …
  • … Murray. 1868. [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review 108: …
  • … in the Quarterly Review ( [Wilberforce] 1860 ) regarding Lyell’s published opposition to …
  • … transmutation. See letters to J.  D. Hooker, [20? July 1860] , and to Charles …
  • … Lyell , 30 July [1860]. CD read the …
  • … Quarterly Review that included [Wilberforce] 1860  while he was visiting Hartfield (see …
  • … letters to J.  D.  Hooker, [20? July 1860] , to T.  H.   …
  • … Huxley, 20 July [1860], and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 22 July [1860]). John Murray , the publisher of the Quarterly Review and …
  • … had also sent CD a copy (see letter to John Murray, 3 August [1860] ). See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 7 August [1860] . CD refers to the 4 August issue of the Athenæum , which …
  • … Agricultural Society of Scotland n.s.  69 (1860): 333–53. There is an annotated copy of …
  • … of Politics, Literature, Art and Society 1 (1860): 11–12, 32–3, 58–9. See also letter to …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 29 July [1860] . …
  • … Daubeny 1860 . Lyell had been interested in the origin of sandpipes in Chalk deposits …

To Charles Lyell   15 and 16 [February 1860]

Summary

Auguste Bravard’s discoveries magnificent.

Bravard has sent pamphlets [Observaciones geológicas (1857) and Monografia de los terrenos marinos terciarios (1858)] with strange doctrine that Pampean deposit is subaerial.

Review of Origin by Wollaston [Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 3d ser. 5 (1860): 132–43] clever and misinterprets CD only in a few places.

Wallace’s MS ["Zoological geography of the Malay Archipelago", J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.) 4 (1860): 172–84] admirably good.

Henslow "will go very little way with us". "He, also, shudders at the eye!"

Baden Powell says CD’s statement about eye is conclusive.

Leonard Jenyns cannot go as far as CD, yet cannot give good reason.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  15 and 16 Feb 1860
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.198); The University of Edinburgh Centre for Research Collections (Lyell collection Coll-203/B1/ Lyell Temp Box 3.1 Folder_6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2700

Matches: 33 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   15 and 16 [February 1860] …
  • … Coll-203/B1/ Lyell Temp Box 3.1 Folder_6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 [Feb 1860] 16 [ …
  • … Feb 1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool. ) 4 (1860): 172–84] admirably good. Henslow "will go very …
  • … to the letter from C.  J.  F. Bunbury, 30 January 1860 , which he had sent to Lyell ( …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 12 [February 1860] ). The note from Lyell has not been found. …
  • … Wollaston [ Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 3d ser. 5 (1860): 132–43] clever and misinterprets CD …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, [13–14 February 1860] . Bravard 1857  and 1858. Both works are …
  • … review of Origin appeared in Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 (1860): 132–43. …
  • … See letter from Charles Lyell, [13–14 February 1860] . Wollaston’s review referred to CD’s …
  • … London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1846. Wallace, Alexander. 1860. Remarks on the occurrence of …
  • … rarer British Sphingidae. [Read 4 June 1860. ] Transactions of the Entomological Society …
  • … Intelligent First Cause of all’ ( [Wollaston] 1860 , p.  138). Samuel Wilberforce , bishop …
  • … had made this remark to Lyell. See letter from Charles Lyell, [13–14 February 1860] . …
  • … Wallace 1860 (see letter from Charles …
  • … Lyell, [13–14 February 1860] ). CD refers to George Windsor Earl’s work on the depth of …
  • … s attention when he first read Wallace 1860  in manuscript (see Correspondence vol.  7, …
  • … the stretches of ocean that separated geographical regions in Wallace 1860 , pp.  179–82. …
  • … from the published version of Wallace 1860 . Wallace described the fauna of Celebes as …
  • … nearer than in tropical Africa’ ( Wallace 1860 , pp.  176–8). CD omitted a word when he …
  • … it on to Joseph Dalton Hooker . See letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] . John Stevens …
  • … Henslow visited Down from 14 to 16 February 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). For Charles James …
  • … see the letter from C.  J.  F.  Bunbury, 30 January 1860 , and the letter to C.  J.   …
  • … F.  Bunbury, 9 February [1860] . CD had used this expression …
  • … in his letter to Asa Gray, [8 or 9 February 1860] , in response to Gray’s remark that the …
  • … weakest point in his book (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January 1860 ). CD had sent Gray’s …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 12 [February 1860] ). The manuscript from this point up to the …
  • … been found, but see both the first and second letters to Baden Powell, 18 January [1860]. …
  • … Letter from Leonard Jenyns, 4 January 1860 . Lyell copied this letter into his scientific …
  • … his letter to J.  S.  Henslow, 3 February [1860] . This probably alludes to the time, just …
  • … he reported his doubts in a series of letters printed in the Athenæum in 1859 and 1860. …
  • … In the autumn of 1860 he visited the gravel pits in Abbeville and Amiens, where various …
  • … works of man. ’ ( Athenæum , 20 October 1860, p.  516). This paragraph was also written in …

To Charles Lyell   6 June [1860]

Summary

Mentions Etty’s illness.

A "coarsely contemptuous" review of Origin by Samuel Haughton ["On the form of the cells made by various wasps and by the honey bee; with an appendix on the origin of species", Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Dublin 3 (1860): 128–40].

Comments on reception of Malthus’ ideas.

Says William Hopkins does not understand him.

Discusses problem of term "natural selection".

J. A. Lowell’s review of Origin [Christian Examiner (1860): 449–64].

Relationship between instinct and structure.

Discusses blindness of cave animals.

The fallacy of Andrew Murray and others; the slight importance of climate.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  6 June [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.215)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2822

Matches: 24 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   6 June [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.215) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 June [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … be held in Oxford. See letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] . …
  • … s review of Origin [ Christian Examiner (1860): 449–64]. Relationship between instinct and …
  • … theory. [Read 27 March, 10 April, and 1 May 1860. ] Memoirs of the American Academy of …
  • … University Press. 1985–. [Duns, John. ] 1860. On the Origin of species. North British …
  • … 61: 739–52; 62: 74–90. [Lowell, John Amory]. 1860. Darwin’s Origin of species. Christian …
  • … of species", Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Dublin 3 (1860): 128–40]. Comments on reception of …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 5 June [1860] and n.  1. [ …
  • … Haughton] 1860b. [Duns] 1860 . See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 5 June [1860] and n.  8. …
  • … in articles in both the April and May 1860 issues of The Future: a Monthly Journal of …
  • … 1860a (see letter to Charles Lyell, 1 [June 1860] ). William Henry Harvey’s letter has not …
  • … 1860a , p.  277). See letter to Andrew Murray, 28 April [1860] . Godron 1859 , 2: 6–11. …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 18 May [1860] . Origin , pp.   …
  • … 346–7. The 1860 meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science was to …
  • … Paris: J. B. Baillière. Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of …
  • … Collection–CUL. The author of the May 1860 review in The Future , p.  29, stated ‘that …
  • … author is universally held, both as a man and a naturalist’ ( Hopkins 1860 , 61: 752). [ …
  • … Lowell] 1860 . Binney 1847 and Schaaffhausen 1853 . …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 22 May [1860] . Francis Bowen had …
  • … Origin in the North American Review 49 (1860): 474–506. There is an annotated copy of this …
  • … In another article on CD’s theory written in 1860 but published the following year, Bowen …
  • … See also letter to Asa Gray, 18 May [1860] . Lyell’s letter discussing Andrew Murray’s …

To Charles Lyell   4 May [1860]

Summary

Is sending CL an arrow-head. Says John Lubbock tells of vast numbers of flint tools in peat in France. Urges CL to conduct further research on the subject.

Comments on paper by J. S. Newberry concerning palaeozoic deposits in America [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 208–18]

and on A. von Keyserling’s view of species change.

Mentions J. W. Salter’s chart arranging Spirifer.

Comments on Andrew Murray’s paper on the Origin ["On Mr Darwin’s theory of the origin of species", Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 4 (1860): 274–91].

A Manchester newspaper article says CD has proved "might is right".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  4 May [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.210)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2782

Matches: 20 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   4 May [1860] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.210) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 May [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … of species", Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 4 (1860): 274–91]. A Manchester newspaper article …
  • … The Manchester Guardian , 20  April 1860, p.  4, carried a commentary on Origin entitled ‘ …
  • … in America [ Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 208–18] and on A. von Keyserling’s view of …
  • … John Murray. 1887–8. Newberry, John Strong. 1860. Notes on the ancient vegetation of North …
  • … The date is incorrectly given as ‘January 4th? 1860’ in LL 2: 261. Henry Knight …
  • … Royal Aberdeenshire Highlanders ( Army list 1860); his estate was Pittodrie at Chapel of …
  • … Garioch, Inverurie. Early in April 1860, John Lubbock travelled with Joseph Prestwich and …
  • … Davidson, 26 April 1861 . CD had seen Salter’s arrangement in April 1860 (see letter to …
  • … Andrew Murray, 28 April [1860] ). See also letter from J.   …
  • … B.  Jukes, 27 February 1860  and n.  5. …
  • … See preceding letter and the letters to Andrew Murray , 28 April [1860] and …
  • … 28 [April 1860] . …
  • … Letter from Charles Lyell, 2 May 1860 . …
  • … revisited France and also toured sites in Germany in September 1860 (K.  M.  Lyell ed.   …
  • … 1881, 2: 336). Newberry 1860 . See letter …
  • … to Charles Lyell, 27 and 28 April [1860] . The note from Alexandr Andreevich Keyserling …
  • … the letter to R.  I.  Murchison, 1 May [1860] . John William Salter was palaeontologist to …
  • … See letter to Andrew Murray, 28 April [1860] , and Correspondence vol.  9, letter to T.   …

To Charles Lyell   5 [July 1860]

Summary

Glad CL plans trip to Amiens to investigate flints and post-glacial period.

Mentions support by Huxley, Hooker, and Lubbock at Oxford BAAS meeting. Asa Gray also goes on fighting.

Likes article by William Hopkins ["Physical theories and the phenomena of life", Fraser’s Mag. 61 (1860): 739–52; 62 (1860): 74–90].

Comments on hybrids of hare and rabbit.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  5 [July 1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.221)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2860

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   5 [July 1860] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin Sudbrook Park 5 [July 1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … Bibliography Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of life. Fraser’s …
  • … Hopkins ["Physical theories and the phenomena of life", Fraser’s Mag. 61 (1860): 739– …
  • … 52; 62 (1860): 74–90]. Comments on hybrids of hare and rabbit. …
  • … tour lasted from 6 July until 23 September 1860 (Wilson ed.  1970, p.  490 n.  88). …
  • … of some of its contents, see the letter to Asa Gray, 3 July [1860] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 2 July 1860 , and letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [2 July 1860] , to T.  H.   …
  • … Huxley, 3 July [1860], and to John …
  • … Lubbock , [4 July 1860]. …
  • … The second part of Hopkins 1860  appeared in the July issue of Fraser’s Magazine . In his …
  • … zoological gardens in London on 1 July 1860. He further noted that the gestation periods …

To Charles Lyell   1 [June 1860]

Summary

Comments on review of Origin by Andrew Murray [Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 4 (1860): 274–91] and views of William Hopkins on Origin ["Physical theories and the phenomena of life" Fraser’s Mag. 61 (1860): 739–52; 62 (1860): 74–90]. The attacks will tell heavily.

Mentions Blyth’s failure to receive appointment as naturalist to China expedition of 1860.

Encloses letter from Asa Gray.

Discusses gestation period in domesticated dogs.

Comments on hybrid fertility.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  1 [June 1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.214)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2820

Matches: 18 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   1 [June 1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.214) Charles Robert Darwin Down 1 [June 1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … University Press. 1985–. [Duns, John. ] 1860. On the Origin of species. North British …
  • … Andrew Murray [ Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 4 (1860): 274–91] and views of William Hopkins on …
  • … Origin ["Physical theories and the phenomena of life" Fraser’s Mag. 61 (1860): 739– …
  • … 52; 62 (1860): 74–90]. The attacks will tell heavily. …
  • … as naturalist to China expedition of 1860. Encloses letter from Asa Gray. Discusses …
  • … fever ( letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 May [1860] ). Murray 1860a . CD had queried this …
  • … see letter to Andrew Murray, 28 April [1860] ). CD had apparently just received a printed …
  • … see the letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] . Lyell questioned whether domestic breeds of …
  • … Thomas Henry Huxley on the matter on 6 June 1860 (see Wilson ed.  1970, pp.  439–40). …
  • … August 1875): iii–xxiv. Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of …
  • … John Murray. 1859. Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. …
  • … The reference is to Schiödte 1849. Hopkins 1860 , which appeared in Fraser’s Magazine . …
  • … Physical and Historical Sciences , April 1860, pp.  10–16. A copy of the review is in the …
  • … about the author’s arguments. Luke Burke was the editor of The Future . [Duns] 1860 . See …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] . …
  • … Phillips 1860 . CD had met Henry Thomas Buckle , the historian, at a party at the home of …

To Charles Lyell   30 July [1860]

Summary

Comments on BAAS meeting: "our side seems to have got on very well". Asa Gray, too, is fighting nobly.

Comments on review [by Samuel Wilberforce] in the Quarterly [Rev. 108 (1860): 225–64].

Mentions a favourable review in the London Review.

Wonders if German translation [of the Origin] by Bronn has drawn attention to the subject.

The Natural History Review to be edited by Huxley and others.

Expects CL’s book [Antiquity of man (1863)] to be a bombshell.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  30 July [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.222)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2881

Matches: 15 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   30 July [1860] …
  • … Robert Darwin Wedgwood, S. E. (b) Hartfield 30 July [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … Murray. 1859. [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review 108: …
  • … See letters to Asa Gray , 22 July [1860] , and to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 7 August [1860]. [ …
  • … Wilberforce] 1860 , pp.  263–4. See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, [20? July 1860] and n.  5. …
  • … In his review of Origin ( [Wilberforce] 1860 ), Samuel Wilberforce cited Roderick Impey …
  • … Wilberforce] in the Quarterly [ Rev. 108 (1860): 225–64]. Mentions a favourable review in …
  • … of Politics, Literature, Art and Society 1 (1860): 11–12, 32–3, 58–9. See also letter to …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, 29 July [1860] . Lyell was travelling on …
  • … the Continent (see letter to Charles Lyell, 5 [July 1860] ). CD refers …
  • … to Bronn trans.  1860. See letters to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 20 July [1860] , and to John …
  • … Lubbock , 20 July [1860]. Thomas Henry Huxley had recently agreed to become general editor …

To Charles Lyell   12 [February 1860]

Summary

Encloses letters from H. G. Bronn, Asa Gray, and C. J. F. Bunbury, concerning the Origin.

Will send review by Gray and a notice by Bronn.

Says Bronn will superintend the German translation.

Comments on lecture by Huxley [at Royal Institution, 10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): 195–200]. Has remonstrated with him for saying sterility is "a universal and infallible criterion of species".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  12 [Feb 1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.196)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2693

Matches: 15 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   12 [February 1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.196) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 [Feb 1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … by Huxley [at Royal Institution, 10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): 195– …
  • … not been located, but see the letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 2 [February 1860] , and to H.   …
  • … G.  Bronn, 4 February [1860]. CD possibly refers to his nephew Henry Parker , who was a …
  • … of Oriel College, Oxford. Letters from Asa Gray , 23 January 1860 , and from C.  J.   …
  • … F. Bunbury, 30 January 1860. See letter to C.   …
  • … 2 [ February 1860] ). The printed version of Huxley’s lecture contains a passage that …
  • … of their origin. The Lyells visited Down from 9 to 12 March 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). …
  • … J.  F.  Bunbury, 9 February [1860] . CD refers to Edward Forbes . …
  • … See letter from Asa Gray, 23 January 1860 , and Correspondence vol.  7, letters to Asa …
  • … not been found, but see letter to H.  G.  Bronn, 14 February [1860] . Emma Darwin’s diary …
  • … that CD went to London on 27 February 1860. He stayed at the house of his brother Erasmus …
  • … at the Royal Institution on 10 February 1860, in which he addressed CD’s work on species ( …
  • … 1860a ). CD attended the lecture (see letters to T.  H.  Huxley, [26 January 1860] and …

To Charles Lyell   27 and 28 April [1860]

Summary

Thanks CL for loan of paper by J. S. Newberry ["Notes on the ancient vegetation of N. America", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 208–18].

Mentions reviews of the Origin.

Discusses evolution of the domestic dog, especially with respect to the views of Owen, Pallas, and Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire.

Mentions W. B. Carpenter’s views on taxonomy.

Discusses hybridisation of plants and animals.

Comments on progress in human evolution.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  27 and 28 Apr 1860
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.209)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2771

Matches: 20 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   27 and 28 April [1860] …
  • … American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.209) Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 Apr [1860] 28 …
  • … Apr [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … of N. America", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 208–18]. Mentions reviews of the Origin . …
  • … ed.  1970, pp.  374–5, 379). Murray 1860a . See letter to Andrew Murray, 28 [April 1860] . …
  • … 2, below). An annotated copy of Newberry 1860  is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL.   …
  • … fauna of the south-western part of the United States. Laugel 1860 . Henry Baker Tristram …
  • … was president of the Tyneside Naturalists’ Field Club in 1860. In …
  • … Victor Masson. Laugel, Antoine Auguste. 1860. Nouvelle théorie d’histoire naturelle. L’ …
  • … Press. 1975. Newberry, John Strong. 1860. Notes on the ancient vegetation of North …
  • … his presidential address of 29 March 1860, Tristram criticised …
  • … Origin ( Tristram 1860 , pp.  218–28). CD and Lyell had carried on a lengthy discussion …
  • … 1: 15–33. CD consulted Lyell about the topic again in September 1860 (see letters to …
  • … Charles Lyell , 23 [September 1860] and …
  • … 26 [September 1860] ). In his review of Origin , Richard Owen had referred to CD’s belief …
  • … Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1854–62 (see letter to Williams and Norgate, 6 March [1860] ). CD …
  • … began work on Variation in March 1860 (see ‘Journal’; Appendix II). Lyell had been reading …
  • … also mentioned in an entry dated 25 April 1860 that is headed ‘With Darwin’ (Wilson ed.   …
  • … 1970, pp.  372–3). CD visited Lyell in London on 22 April 1860 (see letter to …
  • … Charles Lyell, 15 April [1860] ). Bechstein 1793–1805 is cited in Variation 1: 31 as the …

To Charles Lyell   10 April [1860]

Summary

W. B. Carpenter’s review of Origin [in Br. & Foreign Med.-Chir. Rev. 25 (1860): 367–404] "very good and well balanced, but not brilliant".

"There is a brilliant review by Huxley" [Westminster Rev. 17 (1860): 541–70].

Asa Gray sends good case of selection producing black pigs in Virginia.

Great blow to CD that CL cannot admit potency of natural selection.

Owen’s review in Edinburgh Review [111 (1860): 487–532] "extremely malignant, clever".

Patrick Matthew has published extract in Gardeners’ Chronicle [7 Apr 1860] from his Naval timber and arboriculture [1831], a complete but not developed anticipation of natural selection.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  10 Apr [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.206)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2754

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   10 April [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.206) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Apr [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … extract in Gardeners’ Chronicle [7 Apr 1860] from his Naval timber and arboriculture [ …
  • … in Br. & Foreign Med. -Chir. Rev. 25 (1860): 367–404] "very good and well balanced, but …
  • … review by Huxley" [ Westminster Rev. 17 (1860): 541–70]. Asa Gray sends good case of …
  • … Owen’s review in Edinburgh Review [111 (1860): 487–532] "extremely malignant, clever". …
  • … Down over the weekend of 7 and 8 April 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). The Future was a …
  • … The first number, issued in April 1860, included an anonymous review of Origin . There is …
  • … Carpenter] 1860b. See letter to W.  B.  Carpenter, 6 April [1860] . See letter to W.   …
  • … B.  Carpenter, 6 April [1860] . [T.  H.  Huxley] 1860b. Thomas Henry Huxley maintained …
  • … but see the letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] . Jeffries Wyman wrote to CD later in the …
  • … year (letter from Jeffries Wyman , [ c . 15] September 1860). [R.  Owen] 1860a. …
  • … See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 9 April [1860] . Patrick Matthew’s article was …
  • … Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , 7 April 1860, pp.  312–13. It included long extracts …
  • … of Matthew 1831 , inscribed ‘Ap.  13 th 1860’, is in the Darwin Library–CUL. Brixham Cave, …
  • … see the letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] . CD refers to Joseph Beete Jukes and Roderick …

To Charles Lyell   4 December [1860]

Summary

Sale of Origin requires new edition [3d (Apr 1861)].

Further discussion of geological elevation and subsidence in Europe. Compares evidence to that of South America. His theory that semi-fluid matter underlies earth’s crust.

Mentions David Forbes’s explanation of South American nitrate deposits.

Has followed CL’s advice not to reply directly to reviewers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  4 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.236)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3006

Matches: 18 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   4 December [1860] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25.236) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Dec [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … Georg Bronn’s criticism of Origin (Bronn trans.  1860, pp.  495–520) in Origin 3d ed. , …
  • … pp.  139–41. Fawcett 1860 . There is an annotated copy in …
  • … the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. Phillips 1860 . …
  • … Bibliography Fawcett, Henry. 1860. A popular exposition of Mr Darwin on the origin of …
  • … edition, which appeared in March 1861. Letter from Charles Lyell, 30 November 1860 . See …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, 24 November 1860 . Henry James , the director-general of the …
  • … several of James’s points in a letter to the Athenæum , 6 October 1860, p.  451. CD had …
  • … discussed the issues involved with Lyell (see letter to Charles Lyell, 8 October [1860] ). …
  • … Jamieson 1860  was published in the …
  • … concluding number of the 1860 volume of the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of …
  • … the Geological Society on 21 November 1860. It is possible, however, that the information …
  • … salinas was in the missing portion of the letter from David Forbes, [November? 1860] . …
  • … Stur 1860 . There is an annotated copy of this monograph on the geographical distribution …
  • … experienced severe financial difficulties in 1860 in spite of charging a fee for admission …
  • … well during August, September, and October 1860; however, the practice was stopped after …
  • … John Murray. 1859. Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. …

To Charles Lyell   23 [September 1860]

Summary

Hopes to get Asa Gray’s review of Origin republished.

Argues for single origin of mammals.

Encloses two phylogenetic diagrams indicating possible descent of mammals.

Comments on rodents, marsupials, and dingo in Australia,

and on a paper on the survival of stumps as a result of root grafting.

Argues that man had a single progenitor and consists of a single species.

Comments on destruction of non-white races.

Discusses introduction of rodents to islands by man.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  23 [Sept 1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.227)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2925

Matches: 19 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   23 [September 1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.227) Charles Robert Darwin Eastbourne 23 [Sept 1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … to the letter from Charles Lyell, 18 September 1860 . The first Sunday during CD’s stay in …
  • … Letter from Charles Lyell, 18 September 1860 . CD left for Eastbourne on 22 September (‘ …
  • … II). Letter from W.  H.  Harvey, 24 August 1860 . For CD’s reply to Harvey’s letter, see …
  • … to W.  H.  Harvey, [20–4 September 1860] . [Gray] 1860b, pp.  229–39. Louis Agassiz’s …
  • … See letter from Charles Lyell, 18 September 1860  and n.  9. The remark referred to is …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, 18 September 1860  and n.  10. Lyell inserted ‘of’ here to make …
  • … Company. London: Trübner. Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal …
  • … Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] ]Correspondence : The …
  • … 1859. Pictet de la Rive, François Jules. 1860. Sur l’origine de l’espèce par Charles …
  • … and Magazine of Natural History ( Agassiz 1860 ). CD had discussed with Asa Gray and with …
  • … in an English journal (see letters to Asa Gray , 10 September [1860] , and to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 10 September [1860]). François Jules Pictet de la Rive had spoken favourably …
  • … with CD’s conclusions ( Pictet de la Rive 1860 ). Henrietta Emma Darwin had been unwell …
  • … Noel Huxley , who was three years old, died on 15 September 1860. See letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 18 September [1860] . The sentence reads: ‘In all these cases of two very …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, 18 September 1860  and n.  7. Owen assumed that the flora and …
  • … the letter were probably Selwyn 1858 and 1860. Both of these papers were cited in relation …

To Charles Lyell   8 October [1860]

Summary

Encloses advertisement [for C. R. Bree, Species not transmutable (1860)].

Discusses Bronn’s chapter of criticisms.

Mentions variation in rats.

Has ordered book by Bree.

Discusses suggestion that southern corners of Australia may once have been islands.

Mentions "wild speculations" about change in earth’s axes.

CL’s ideas on variation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  8 Oct [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.232)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2942

Matches: 17 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   8 October [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.232) Charles Robert Darwin Eastbourne 8 Oct [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … for C. R. Bree, Species not transmutable (1860)]. Discusses Bronn’s chapter of criticisms. …
  • … Bibliography Bree, Charles Robert. 1860. Species not transmutable, nor the result of …
  • … The final chapter of Bronn trans.  1860, containing Heinrich Georg Bronn’s criticisms of …
  • … CD by Camilla Ludwig . See letter to Charles Lyell, 5 [October 1860] . See letter to H.   …
  • … G.  Bronn, 5 October [1860] . Enclosed with …
  • … letter is a printed advertisement for Bree 1860 . Charles Robert Bree was a physician at …
  • … views. There is an annotated copy of Bree 1860 in the Darwin Library–CUL. [Gray] 1860c and …
  • … father, Henry Edward Bunbury, died in April 1860. On his death Charles Bunbury became 8th …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 5 [October 1860] . Hooker 1859 , p.  xxviii. CD had discussed …
  • … a letter to the Athenæum , 25 August 1860, pp.  256–7, suggesting that displacement in the …
  • … Jukes replied in the Athenæum , 8 September 1860, pp.  322–3, pointing out that the mass …
  • … a second letter in the Athenæum , 6 October 1860, p.  451, criticising the catastrophist …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, 6 October 1860 . Camilla Ludwig , the Darwin family governess. …
  • … Tracey, Devonshire, by William Pengelly early in 1860. Charles James Fox Bunbury , Lyell’s …
  • … undertaking their examination. In November 1860, he wrote that he was studying a German …

To Charles Lyell   24 November [1860]

Summary

Comments on CL’s advice not to reply directly to reviews.

Describes work on his Drosera manuscript.

Work delayed on his "larger book" [Variation].

Comments at length on the evolutionary significance of Robert McDonnell’s investigations ["On an organ in the skate", Nat. Hist. Rev. (1861): 57–60].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  24 Nov [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.234)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2996

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   24 November [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.234) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Nov [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … is an annotated copy of [Wilberforce] 1860  in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. The …
  • … Donnell has not been found, but see the letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 16 November [1860] and …
  • … 22 November [1860] . M’ …
  • … Donnell described his discoveries in M’Donnell 1860  and 1861. …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 20 November [1860] . CD refers to the new, third edition of …
  • … Murray had called for. See letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 22 November [1860] , and to John …
  • … Murray , 22 [November 1860]. In fact, CD delayed publication until 1875, when …
  • … books. London: Macmillan. M’Donnell, Robert. 1860. On the formation of sugar and amyloid …
  • … Murray. 1859. [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review 108: …
  • … p.  154). See also letter to Daniel Oliver, 16 November [1860] . The passage was rather …
  • … anonymous review of Origin ( [Wilberforce] 1860 , p.  246). Wilberforce had been primed on …

To Charles Lyell   3 October [1860]

Summary

Comments on letter from Jeffries Wyman.

Discusses reprinting reviews by Asa Gray.

Mentions views of W. S. Symonds on the geological record.

Discusses descent of turtles and tortoises.

The universality of variation.

Notes only a few species leave modified descendants.

Discusses Apteryx.

Variation among pigeons.

Comments on fertility among hybrids.

Does not agree that he makes natural selection do too much work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  3 Oct [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.230)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2935

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   3 October [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.230) Charles Robert Darwin Eastbourne 3 Oct [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … and sent to CD an illegible phrase from the letter to Charles Lyell, 28 [September 1860] . …
  • … Press. 1985–. Lewes, George Henry. 1860. Studies in animal life. Cornhill Magazine 1: 61– …
  • … from Jeffries Wyman , [ c . 15] September 1860. The section of the letter that discussed …
  • … from Jeffries Wyman , [ c . 15] September 1860 and the following letter. CD had asked …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 18 May [1860] and n.  3. The German naturalists Robert, Adolph, …
  • … 1859. Pictet de la Rive, François Jules. 1860. Sur l’origine de l’espèce par Charles …
  • … 1860c. See letter to Asa Gray, 26 September [1860] . The second part of [Gray] 1860b. …
  • … s critique of Origin ( Pictet de la Rive 1860 ) in the second part of [Gray] 1860b. The …
  • … s. Lyell had received an invitation to visit him in October 1860 (K.  M.  Lyell ed.   …
  • … 1881 2: 337–8). See letter from Charles Lyell, 30 September 1860 . Hugh Falconer . …
  • … letter from Charles Lyell, 30 September 1860 . CD gave the results of his measurements of …
  • … on pigeons to Thomas Henry Huxley in January 1860 so that Huxley could use it in preparing …
  • … experiments between hares and rabbits ( letter to Charles Lyell, 28 [September 1860] ). …
  • … Cited in Lewes 1860 . See …

To Charles Lyell   10 January [1860]

Summary

Comments on corrections [in Origin, 2d ed. (1860)], especially on use of Wallace’s name.

Discusses human evolution with respect to CL’s work. Cites expression as a source of evidence.

Andrew Murray’s criticisms of the Origin involving blind insects in caves [Edinburgh New Philos. J. n.s. 11 (1860): 141–51].

Humorously describes human ancestors.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  10 Jan [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.191)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2647

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   10 January [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.191) Charles Robert Darwin Down 10 Jan [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … Comments on corrections [in Origin , 2d ed. (1860)], especially on use of Wallace’s name. …
  • … in caves [ Edinburgh New Philos. J. n.s. 11 (1860): 141–51]. Humorously describes human …
  • … to the letter to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] . Lyell’s letter in response has not been …
  • … for particular conditions ( Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal n.s.  11 (1860): 149). See …
  • … also letters to Andrew Murray , 28 April [1860] and …
  • … 28 [April 1860] . See Origin , p.  139. Lyell made annotations relating to the letter on …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1860. Origin : On the origin of species by means …
  • … this criticism as justified (see letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 3 January [1860] , to Charles …
  • … Lyell , 4 [January 1860], and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 28 January [1860], n.  22). Alfred Russel Wallace’s name was added to the …
  • … Letter to Thomas Bridges, 6 January 1860 . Spencer 1855 , which Herbert Spencer presented …
  • … reviewed Origin in the National Review , 10 (1860): 188–214. CD initially believed that …
  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 14 [January 1860] . Andrew Murray’s presidential address of …
  • … New Philosophical Journal n.s.  11 (1860): 141–51. He discussed Darwin and Wallace 1858  …

To Charles Lyell   25 February [1860]

Summary

Comments on CL’s reaction to the Origin. Mentions reactions of other scientists.

Discusses fertility of Aspicarpa.

Criticises Herbert Spencer’s views on population.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  25 Feb [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.201)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2714

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   25 February [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.201) Charles Robert Darwin Down 25 Feb [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … also letters to Andrew Murray , 28 April [1860] , and …
  • … 28 [April 1860] . See …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 23 February [1860] . See …
  • … letter to Herbert Spencer, 23 [February 1860] . …
  • … of Oxford. See letter from Charles Lyell, [13–14 February 1860] , and letter to Charles …
  • … Lyell, 15 and 16 [February 1860] . CD refers to his practice of filing letters, or …
  • … read the paper at a meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on 20 February 1860. See …
  • … was probably the one dated 21 February 1860. Henry Darwin Rogers , the American geologist, …

To Charles Lyell   22 May [1860]

Summary

Mentions American edition of Origin.

A "savage" review [by John Duns] in North British Review [32 (1860): 455–68].

Comments on views of G. H. K. Thwaites on the survival of simple forms as a problem in his theory.

Mentions imperfection of geological record.

Marine origin of coal.

Illness of Etty.

Encloses article by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire on hare–rabbit crosses [Histoire naturelle générale (1854–62) 3: 222].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  22 May [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.213)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2812

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   22 May [1860] …
  • … Mss.B.D25.213) Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 May [1860] Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … by John Duns] in North British Review [32 (1860): 455–68]. Comments on views of G. H. K. …
  • … has not been found, but see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] . CD recorded the American …
  • … Origin in a journal entry dated 22 May 1860 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). I.  Geoffroy Saint- …
  • … copy is in the Darwin Library–CUL.  See letter to Charles Lyell, 18 May [1860] . [ …
  • … Duns] 1860 . There is a copy of the review in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. [ …
  • … 1859. ] Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 16 (1860): 268–77. [ …
  • … Duns, John. ] 1860. On the Origin of species. North British Review 32: 455–86. Geoffroy …
  • … Review . Adam Sedgwick . See letter to Charles Lyell, 18 May [1860] . See preceding …
  • … letter and letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] . Lyell had raised this point in October  …
  • … letter from J.  B.  Jukes, 27 February 1860 . CD refers to widespread accounts that wheat …

To Charles Lyell   4 February [1860]

Summary

Suggests references in Journal of researches 2d ed. in response to a query about the antiquity of man. Perplexed about S. S. Haldeman and Haldeman 1843–4. Glad to hear about A. C. Ramsay. Has received letter from H. G. Bronn.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  4 Feb [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 146: 229
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2687F

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Charles Lyell   4 February [1860] …
  • … DAR 146: 229 Charles Robert Darwin 4 Feb [1860] Down Charles Lyell, 1st baronet …
  • … the first German translation (Bronn trans.  1860). See also Correspondence vol.  8, letter …
  • … to T.  H.  Huxley, 2 [February 1860] and n.  2. For CD’s reaction to Bronn’ …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] and nn.  2–5. Bronn 1860b . There is an …
  • … this letter and the letter to Charles Lyell, 12 [February 1860] ( Correspondence vol.  8). …
  • … On 9 January 1860, Lyell wrote to George Ticknor that he had been ‘much occupied’ with …
  • … 2: 330). In his letter of 14 January [1860] ( Correspondence vol.   8), CD had written to …
  • … 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 [January 1860] ). Lyell was working on a new edition of his …
  • … he was preparing in January and February 1860 for the second American edition of Origin. …
  • … rest, and went abroad in early April 1860. See Geikie 1895 , p.  261. The reference is …
  • … found. CD sent it to Lyell on 12 February 1860, asking him to return it to Erasmus Alvey …
  • … 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 12 [February 1860] ). CD sent Bronn a presentation copy of …

From Charles Lyell   25 September 1860

Summary

Returns "excellent" MS in which CD favours hybrid origin of domestic dog, which CL believes strengthens case for common progenitor of wild species.

Doubts CD’s authorities for antiquity of dingo.

Variation will raise many points for investigation.

"Leporine" hare–rabbit hybrid should be investigated.

Has re-read passages in Origin that CD suggested.

Annals of Natural History would probably reprint Gray’s review of Origin at their own expense.

CD’s thought that modern reptiles could not develop into existing Mammalia but only into another high form is a "grand notion" compatible with "the infinite capacity of the creative power".

Comments on New Guinea marsupials.

Still thinks that the Australian genera and species are so well fitted for extraordinary droughts that they would get the better of the dingo.

Suggests that once there were more races of man, though from common stock. Competition and then hybridity checked divergence.

Falconer’s views on elephant classification. CL attaches little value to Falconer’s objection that mastodons and elephants do not come in chronologically, as they should in CD’s view.

Author:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Sept 1860
Classmark:  The University of Edinburgh Centre for Research Collections (Lyell collection Coll-203/A3/7: 3–12)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2927A

Matches: 15 hits

  • … K.  M.  Lyell ed.  1881, 2: 339). See also letter to Charles Lyell, 28 [September 1860] . …
  • … From Charles Lyell    25 September 1860
  • … Coll-203/A3/7: 3–12) Charles Lyell, 1st baronet 25 Sept 1860 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bibliography Anca, François. 1860. Notes on two newly discovered ossiferous caves in …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 11 August [1860] . CD described the ‘doctrine’ of Pyotr Simon …
  • … See Anca 1860 . Falconer was engaged in an extensive study of the fossil elephants and …
  • … 25. Sept.  1860 I return the M.S.  on dogs which I think excellent. The case you make out …
  • … Murray. 1868. [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review 108: …
  • … an incipient species? ’ ( [Wilberforce] 1860 , p.  235). This passage and others relating …
  • … in CD’s copy of the review (Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL). Selwyn 1858 and 1860. See …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 23 [September 1860] . Lyell visited Hugh Falconer soon after …
  • … to as the second was published in January 1860. Lyell evidently considered this to have …
  • … See letter to Charles Lyell, 5 [July 1860] . Abraham Dee Bartlett was superintendent of …
  • … called leporines at the gardens early in July 1860 (Wilson ed.  1970, p.  465). Bartlett …
  • … to include in Origin . See letter to Charles Lyell, 23 [September 1860] . Göppert 1842 . …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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