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From Asa Gray   [10 January 1860]

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Summary

Agassiz denounces Origin as "atheistical";

AG is currently reviewing it [in Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 153–84].

Jeffries Wyman praises it, though not a convert.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [10 Jan 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 98 (ser. 2): 26a
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2631

Matches: 19 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   [10 January 1860] …
  • … DAR 98 (ser. 2): 26a Asa Gray unstated [10 Jan 1860] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 1988 . See also letter from Asa Gray to J.  D.  Hooker, 5 January 1860 , and letter from …
  • … Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] . …
  • … reviewing it [in Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 29 (1860): 153–84]. Jeffries Wyman praises it, though …
  • … Bibliography Agassiz, Louis. 1860. On the origin of species. American Journal of Science …
  • … and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 6 (1860): 219–32. ] Appel, Toby A. 1988. Jeffries …
  • … to the letter to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] , in which CD refers to ‘your letter to me of …
  • … The manuscript was, however, marked ‘Jan 5 1860’ by Francis Darwin , perhaps on the basis …
  • … from Asa Gray to J.  D.  Hooker, 5 January 1860 . The missing portion of this letter may …
  • … version of Origin . See also letter from Asa Gray, 23 January 1860 , and letter to …
  • … John Murray, [25 January 1860] . Jeffries Wyman , a colleague of Gray’s at Harvard …
  • … below, and letter to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] . Details concerning the public lecture …
  • … a transcript of the extract, see the letter to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] , n.  10. At …
  • … Academy of Arts and Sciences on 25 January 1860, Agassiz and others ‘ discussed several …
  • … of the Boston Natural History Society on 15 February 1860 ( Proceedings of the Boston …
  • … Natural History Society 7 (1860): 231–5). For the debate between Gray and Agassiz over CD’ …
  • … Journal of Arts and Sciences ( Agassiz 1860 ). Gray wrote a three-part article on Origin …
  • … from Asa Gray to J.  D.  Hooker, 5 January 1860 ). Gray had asked CD about the possibility …

From Asa Gray   23 January 1860

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Summary

American edition of Origin. AG’s assessment of the book’s weak and strong points. Suggests Jeffries Wyman would be a useful source of facts and hints for CD.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  23 Jan 1860
Classmark:  DAR 98 (ser. 2): 22–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2663

Matches: 14 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   23 January 1860
  • … DAR 98 (ser. 2): 22–5 Asa Gray Cambridge Mass. 23 Jan 1860 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Cambridge. Jan y . 23, 1860 My Dear Darwin You have my hurried letter telling you of the …
  • … Letter from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860] . Gray refers to the proof-sheets of the second …
  • … See also letter from Asa Gray, [17 January 1860] . Gray refers to the New York publishing …
  • … Co .  to Asa Gray , dated 19 January [1860], in the Gray Herbarium Archives, Harvard …
  • … By Charles Darwin. New York: D. Appleton. 1860. Peckham, Morse, ed. 1959. The Origin of …
  • … four separate printings of Origin in 1860. Although the text of the first three printings …
  • … fourth printing, which was issued in May 1860 (see ‘Journal’; Appendix II), is described …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860] , and Appendix IV.  This edition is hereafter …
  • … Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860) . He had recently returned from a scientific …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, [8 or 9 February 1860] . CD was critical of the geological argument …
  • … Hooker . See letter to Asa Gray, 7 January [1860] and n.  4. James Dwight Dana believed …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1860. Origin 3d ed. : On the origin of species by …

From Asa Gray to J. D. Hooker   5 January 1860

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Opinions on the Origin: AG thinks it masterly; Agassiz considers it very poor.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 Jan 1860
Classmark:  DAR 98 (ser. 2): 20–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2638

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Asa Gray to J.  D.  Hooker    5 January 1860
  • … DAR 98 (ser. 2): 20–1 Asa Gray Cambridge, Mass. 5 Jan 1860 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … See letter from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860] . William Jackson Hooker , the director of the …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [22 January 1860] ). Maria Hooker was J.  D.  Hooker’s mother. …
  • … work on the structure of glaciers. See letters from Asa Gray , [10 January 1860] , [17  …
  • … January 1860] , and …
  • … 23 January 1860 . James Dwight Dana was convalescing in Italy. …
  • … See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 1 January [1860] and n.  6. [Gray] 1860a. Since 1848, Gray …

From Asa Gray   20 February 1860

Summary

Arrangements for the American edition of Origin.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Feb 1860
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (37)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2706

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   20 February 1860
  • … Herbarium of Harvard University (37) Asa Gray unstated 20 Feb 1860 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Feb.  20, 1860 My Dear Darwin, I got this to-day. I send Appletons, now, the sheets of …
  • … enclosure. See letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860] and enclosure. Gray apparently had …
  • … received CD’s letter of [8 or 9 February 1860] , in which CD had enclosed the historical …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] . Gray’s review of Origin ([Gray] 1860a) …

From Asa Gray   [10 July 1860]

Summary

Cases of "dioecio-dimorphism" as in primroses are widespread. AG always considered them the first step toward bisexuality.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [10 July 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 110 (ser. 2): 77
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2819

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   [10 July 1860] …
  • … DAR 110 (ser. 2): 77 Asa Gray unstated [10 July 1860] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … CD thanked Gray for these ‘valuable hints’ in the letter to Asa Gray, 11 August [1860] . …
  • … in the letter to Asa Gray, 11 August [1860] : ‘I received your note of July 10 th ’. See …

DCP-LETT-2653A

Summary

Origin reached AG at Christmas. Louis Agassiz cannot abide the book and has publicly denounced it as atheism. AG feels bound to defend the book and counter the "demagogue" Agassiz. Has written a long article to this end [Am. J. Sci. and Arts 2d ser. 29 (1860): 153–84].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Francis Boott
Date:  16 Jan 1860
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2653A

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25. ) Asa Gray Cambridge Mass. 16 Jan 1860 Francis Boott …
  • … Has written a long article to this end [ Am. J. Sci. and Arts 2d ser. 29 (1860): 153–84]. …

From Asa Gray to J. D. Hooker   6 July 1863

Summary

Includes comments about George Bentham’s anniversary address to the Linnean Society with particular notice of the favourable attention to Darwin, except for Natural Selection, and to AG’s essay in the Atlantic Monthly.

He defends [W. B.] Carpenter and [Jeffries] Wyman against [Richard] Owen.

Gossip about scientific honours and other matters.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  6 July 1863
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Asa Gray correspondence: 328–9)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4232F

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Reeve and Company. Bree, Charles Robert. 1860. Species not transmutable, nor the result of …
  • … John Eatton Le Conte died on 21 November 1860, at Philadelphia, where he had been resident …
  • … part review of Origin , which appeared in 1860 in the Atlantic Monthly ( A.  Gray 1860b ), …
  • … p.  xvii. The reference is apparently to Bree 1860 . Although Charles Robert Bree did not …

From Asa Gray   31 March [1862]

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Has been reading J. D. Morell’s new book on psychology [An introduction to mental philosophy, on the inductive method (1862)].

Progress of the Civil War.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 Mar [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 165: 108
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3489

Matches: 2 hits

  • … see Correspondence vol.  8, letter from Asa Gray, 20 February 1860 , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 8 March [1860] ). Gray had used a portion of this money to pay for the printing …

From Asa Gray   2 February 1872

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Notes the occurrence in U. S. of "vermiform piles" produced by earthworms.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Feb 1872
Classmark:  DAR 165: 178
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8194

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Drosera and Dionaea intermittently since 1860 (see Correspondence vols.  8–15, 17–19). The …

From Asa Gray   22–30 March 1863

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Discusses the Duke of Argyll’s article on the supernatural [Edinburgh Rev. 116 (1862): 378–97].

Has heard that the Incas married their sisters; this may be worth investigating as a case of inbreeding.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22–30 Mar 1863
Classmark:  DAR 165: 131
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4056

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of the Linnean Society of London 23 (1860–2): 495–566. [Campbell, George Douglas. ] …
  • … three articles on Origin published by Gray in 1860 ( A.  Gray 1860b ), and reprinted as a …

From Asa Gray   5 December 1864

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Congratulates CD on the Copley Medal.

Is making inquiries on the habits of American cuckoos and sends a letter from Henry Bryant on that subject.

Discusses the Civil War.

Encloses letter from W. H. Leggett containing observations on Amphicarpaea.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Dec 1864
Classmark:  DAR 109: A87; DAR 165: 145
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4699

Matches: 3 hits

  • … theory. [Read 27 March, 10 April, and 1 May 1860. ] Memoirs of the American Academy of …
  • … the reviews, see Correspondence vol.  8, letters to Asa Gray , 25 April [1860] and nn.   …
  • … 1–4, and 26 November [1860], and Correspondence vol.  9, letter to Asa Gray, 11 April [ …

From Asa Gray   7 July 1863

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Summary

Has extracted CD’s Linum paper [Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 36 (1863): 279–84].

Elaborate co-adaptations of orchids and insects demonstrate against "chance blows", whether few, as Oswald Heer would have, or many and slight as CD proposes.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 July 1863
Classmark:  DAR 165: 127, 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4234

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of the Linnean Society of London 23 (1860–2): 495–566. Collected papers : The collected …
  • … in a series of articles published in 1860 in the Atlantic Monthly ( A.  Gray 1860b ). For …

From Asa Gray   21 July 1863

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Gives some observations on Drosera.

Comments on Richard Owen’s "transmutation theory" in his aye-aye paper [Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 5 (1866): 33–101].

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 July 1863
Classmark:  DAR 165: 128, 138
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4248

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of the Linnean Society of London 23 (1860–2): 495–566. Bentham, George. 1863. [Anniversary …
  • … Swift] 1726 , 1: 7 et seq. ). Since 1860, CD had corresponded with Gray concerning his …

From Asa Gray   4 and 13 October 1862

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Thinks Max Müller’s Lectures on the science of language [1861–4] will do a real service to CD and natural selection.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 and 13 Oct 1862
Classmark:  DAR 165: 120
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3752

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Gray’s view, first given in [A.  Gray] 1860 , that the variations on which natural …
  • … Gray and CD had discussed intermittently since 1860 the question of design in nature (see …

From Asa Gray   7 May 1866

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Thinks a new U. S. edition of Origin is needed.

Gives observations on the climbing habits of Bignonia capreolata.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 May 1866
Classmark:  DAR 165: 150
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5081

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1859] , and Correspondence vol.  8). By 1 May 1860, 1750 of a print-run of 2500 copies had …
  • … vol.  8, letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure 1). The edition was reprinted in …

From Asa Gray   25 February [1868]

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AG is not surprised at popularity of CD’s Variation. Gives some corrections for next edition.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Feb [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 165: 162
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5928

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Charles Darwin. New York: D. Appleton. 1860. Variation 2d ed. : The variation of animals …

From Asa Gray   31 May 1872

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Sends, via C. L. Brace, his book [Botany for young people, pt 2 How plants behave (1872)], "your own science adapted to juvenile minds".

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 May 1872
Classmark:  DAR 165: 180
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8363

Matches: 1 hit

  • … He had been working on them since about 1860 (see Correspondence vol.  8). See also letter …

From Asa Gray   [25 February 1868 or later]

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Discusses arrangements for American edition of Variation.

Observations on apparently inherited instinct in a dog.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [25 Feb 1868 or later]
Classmark:  DAR 165: 102
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2563

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 8 with the incorrect date of [17 January 1860]. Gray was negotiating with the publisher …

From Asa Gray   17 November 1862

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Flower structure of Cypripedium insigne.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Nov 1862
Classmark:  DAR 165: 123
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3811

Matches: 1 hit

  • … corresponded extensively on the subject in 1860 and 1861 (see Correspondence vols.  8 and …

From Asa Gray   1 September 1863

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Sees difficulties in adhering to the concept of design in nature.

Is surprised at Hooker’s and Daniel Oliver’s ignorance regarding spontaneous movements of tendrils.

CD should continue his work on climbing plants, "it will be fruitful in your hands".

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Sept 1863
Classmark:  DAR 157.2: 108; DAR 165: 139, 140
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4288

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of the Linnean Society of London 23 (1860–2): 495–566. Correspondence : The correspondence …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

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  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

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  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

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  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

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  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

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  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

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  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

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  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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