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From J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker   10 May 1860

Summary

Describes Sedgwick’s attack on CD’s views [at Cambridge Philosophical Society] and his own defence, though he believes CD has pressed his hypothesis too far.

Author:  John Stevens Henslow
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  10 May 1860
Classmark:  MS Add. 9537/2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2794

Matches: 26 hits

  • … From J.  S.  Henslow to J.  D.  Hooker    10 May 1860
  • … MS Add. 9537/2 John Stevens Henslow Cambridge 10 May 1860 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Adam & Charles Black. Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. …
  • … on to CD.  CD discusses it in his letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 13 [May 1860] , and to J.   …
  • … S.  Henslow, 14 May [1860]. The provisions of the Cambridge University lectureship endowed …
  • … and London: Macmillan and Co. Powell, Baden. 1860. On the study of the evidences of …
  • … 7 Downing Terrace | Cambr. 10 May 1860. My dear Joseph, I don’t know whether you care to …
  • … a board of studies was established in March 1860 for the natural sciences. Henslow, the …
  • … its origin and succession’ ( Phillips 1860 ). Phillips addressed, among other topics, …
  • … selection and the mutability of species ( Phillips 1860 , pp.  200–17). Adam Sedgwick read …
  • … at a meeting of the Cambridge Philosophical Society on 7 May 1860. A synopsis of his …
  • … in the Cambridge Chronicle , 19  May 1860, pp.  4–5. The Proceedings of the Cambridge …
  • … See also letter to Charles Lyell, 18 May [1860] and n.  7. Henslow was professor of botany …
  • … Baden Powell , until his death in June 1860, was Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford …
  • … late Essay’ was his contribution to the 1860 volume of Essays and reviews , in which he …
  • … of the grand principle of the self-evolving powers of nature’ ( Powell 1860 , p.  139). …
  • … See also CD’s two letters to Baden Powell , 18 January [1860] , and letter to …
  • … Charles Lyell, 15 [February 1860] , in which CD quotes Powell as having told him he had ‘ …
  • … number of the Natural History Review for 1860 included an anonymous article entitled ‘ …
  • … geologist Samuel Haughton ([Haughton] 1860b). See letter to a Bookseller, 13 [May 1860] . …
  • … The Saturday Review , 5 May 1860, pp.  573–4, carried an anonymous review of Richard Owen’ …
  • … in our planet. The Spectator , 24 March 1860, pp.  285–6, published remarks on Origin …
  • … also appeared in the issue of 7 April 1860, pp.  234–5. The author primarily attacked CD’s …
  • … a number of other points. A letter dated 16 April 1860 from Belfast and signed ‘J.  J.   …
  • … M. ’, appeared in the issue of 21 April 1860, p.  380, under the title ‘Darwin’s theory …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [20 April 1860] . The tripos is the system of honours …

To J. D. Hooker   17 December [1860]

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Summary

Analysing results of last spring’s Primula experiments, CD infers pollen of short-styled plants "suits" long-styled plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  17 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 81
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3024

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   17 December [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 81 Charles Robert Darwin Down 17 Dec [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … The year is given by the reference to Phillips 1860 . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [6–11 December 1860] , and letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 11 December [1860] . See preceding letter. The photograph that CD refers to as …
  • … Royal Society on Thursday, 20 December 1860, at which William Benjamin Carpenter reported …
  • … Cambridge University Press. 1985–. Phillips, John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and …
  • … materials into a new volume. See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 8 February [1860] , 12  …
  • … March [1860] , and …
  • … 18 [March 1860] . …
  • … Phillips 1860 . See n.  4, above. Oliver was also assisting CD with …
  • … Botanic Gardens, Kew. See letter to Daniel Oliver, 16 November [1860] , and letter from …
  • … Daniel Oliver, 23 November 1860 . See letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 26 April [1860] , 11  …
  • … May [1860] , and …
  • … 12 July [1860] . CD read a paper on the two forms of flowers, or dimorphic condition, of …

To J. D. Hooker   5 June [1860]

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Summary

CD’s response to criticism of natural selection. Exasperated at not being understood. He tries to narrow the gap between himself and JDH.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 June [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 60
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2821

Matches: 18 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   5 June [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 60 Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 June [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … to the Hookers’ fifth child, Brian Harvey Hodgson Hooker , on 27 May 1860. …
  • … Bibliography [Duns, John. ] 1860. On the Origin of species. North …
  • … British Review 32: 455–86. Hopkins, William. 1860. Physical theories of the phenomena of …
  • … April (see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 7 May [1860] ). Probably Edward Augustus Williams , a …
  • … See also letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 May [1860] . Neither the letter from William Henry …
  • … reprinted in Collected papers 2: 45–63. See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 12 March [1860] and …
  • … 12 July [1860] . Frances Harriet Hooker had given birth …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 20 May [1860] ). Gray was writing an article about CD’ …
  • … s book and its reviewers (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). CD refers to [R.   …
  • … Owen] 1860a. [Haughton] 1860b. [Duns] 1860  and [R.  Owen] 1860a. A long section in Samuel …
  • … was not developed in Orchids . [Duns] 1860 . CD wrote ‘Rev d M    Dunns’ on his copy of …
  • … Collection–CUL). CD also refers to Charles Lyell and Robert Chambers . Hopkins 1860 . See …
  • … also letter to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] . See letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 7 May [1860] , 11  …
  • … May [1860] , and …
  • … 14 May [1860] . The results of CD’s experiments are recorded in his Experimental book, …

To J. D. Hooker   29 July [1860]

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Summary

Casual observations on Drosera.

Wants to know author of good review of Origin in London Review [& Wkly J. Polit. 1 (1860): 11–12, 32–3, 58–9].

Athenæum will reprint Gray’s discussion.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  29 July [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 70
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2880

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   29 July [1860] …
  • … 70 Charles Robert Darwin Wedgwood, S. E. (b) Hartfield 29 July [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … in London Review [ & Wkly J. Polit. 1 (1860): 11–12, 32–3, 58–9]. Athenæum will reprint …
  • … Journal of Politics, Literature, Art and Society 1 (1860): 11–12, 32–3, 58–9, has not been …
  • … identified. See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, [17 July 1860] and …
  • … 7 August [1860] , and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 22 July [1860]. …
  • … was called to Hartfield on 26 July 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). Emma Darwin described …
  • … Elizabeth Lyell , written on 28 August 1860: ‘We had the bad luck at Hartfield to fall …
  • … fever’ ( letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 May [1860] ). Subsequently, CD described the fever …
  • … typhoid’ ( letter to W.  D.  Fox, 18 May [1860] ). One of the symptoms of patients with …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 19 [July 1860] . The common sundew ( Drosera rotundifolia ) …
  • … plants , pp.  1–3: During the summer of 1860, I was surprised by finding how large a …

To J. D. Hooker   7 August [1860]

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Summary

Owen wants to be civil, and sneer behind CD’s back.

Those, like Rudolph Wagner, who want to go halfway on theory, are "booked to go further".

Anatomy of orchids.

Huxley says K. E. von Baer goes "a great way with me".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  7 Aug [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 72
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2892

Matches: 18 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   7 August [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 72 Charles Robert Darwin Down 7 Aug [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … answer Samuel Wilberforce in print. Daubeny 1860 . See letter to J.   …
  • … S.  Henslow, 16 July [1860] , and Appendix VI. This and the following paragraphs were …
  • … Cottrell Watson has not been found. Watson 1860 . The book was a supplement to Watson’s …
  • … London: Longman. Watson, Hewett Cottrell. 1860. Part first of a supplement to the Cybele …
  • … London. [Vols. 8,9] [Wilberforce, Samuel. ] 1860. [Review of Origin. ] Quarterly Review …
  • … CD with orchid specimens. See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 29 July [1860] , and to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, [30 July 1860]. [ …
  • … Wilberforce] 1860 . Hooker apparently abandoned his plan to …
  • … in sequence with other pamphlets received during 1860. CD had forwarded an extract from …
  • … the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4 (1860): 411–15, sent to him by Asa Gray , to …
  • … The extract was printed in the Athenæum , 4 August 1860, p.  161. See also letters …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, [17 July 1860] , to Asa …
  • … Gray , 22 July [1860], and to Charles …
  • … Lyell , 30 July [1860]. In the extract, Asa Gray defended CD’s views against the critical …
  • … American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4 (1860): 411). CD’s copy of the offprint is in the …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 29 July [1860] . CD hoped to show that there was a gradation …

To J. D. Hooker   4 December [1860]

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Summary

Third edition of Origin will answer reviewers.

Drosera experiments detailed.

Hopes for W. H. Harvey’s conversion.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  4 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 78
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3008

Matches: 14 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   4 December [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 78 Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Dec [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … December [1859] . See letter from W.  H.  Harvey, 24 August 1860 , and letter to W.   …
  • … H.  Harvey, [20–4 September 1860] . …
  • … Harvey 1860 . See letter from W.   …
  • … H.  Harvey, 8 October 1860 . The second postscript was added to the first in pencil. …
  • … Press. 1985–. Harvey, William Henry. 1860. An inquiry into the probable origin of the …
  • … D.  Hooker, [26 November – 4 December 1860] . CD obviously meant to write ‘no’. CD refers …
  • … of the year (see letter from H.  C.  Watson, [3? January 1860] , and letter to H.   …
  • … C.  Watson, [5–12 January 1860] . He added a section on the topic to the revised American …
  • … from W.  H.  Harvey to J.  D.  Hooker, 23 November [1860] . Meyen 1837 . See letter to …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 26 November [1860] . CD made the same statement in Insectivorous plants , …
  • … refers to Trécul 1855 . See letter to J.  D.  Dana, 30 July [1860] , letter from Benjamin …
  • … Silliman Jr, 27 October 1860 , and Correspondence vol.  7, letter to J.  D.  Dana, 30  …

To J. D. Hooker   12 July [1860]

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Summary

Floral anatomy; pistil curvature and pistil movement. CD’s rule that bent pistils occur in "gangway" into nectaries.

The book JDH is planning, which he and CD discussed at Kew, should deal with plant reproduction.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  12 July [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 67
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2864

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   12 July [1860] …
  • … 67 Charles Robert Darwin Wedgwood, S. E. (b) Hartfield 12 July [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … a summary of CD’s findings, see the letter to Asa Gray, 3 July [1860] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 26 April [1860] . CD was encouraging Hooker to write a general book on botany. …
  • … See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 8 February [1860] , 14  …
  • … February [1860] , and …
  • … 12 March [1860] . …
  • … See letter from Hugh Falconer, 9 July [1860] . CD visited Hooker on his way to Down from …
  • … at Sudbrook Park, Richmond, Surrey. See letters to J.  D.  Hooker, [2 July 1860] , [3  …
  • … July 1860] , and [ …
  • … 4 July 1860] . Daniel Oliver was an assistant botanist at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. …

To J. D. Hooker   [20 February 1860]

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Summary

Comments on W. H. Harvey’s article on a monstrous Begonia [Gard. Chron. 18 Feb 1860].

Is astonished at being attacked for not allowing great and abrupt variations under nature. More evidence needed to make CD admit that forms have often changed "by saltum".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [20 Feb 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2705

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   [20 February 1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 41 Charles Robert Darwin Down [20 Feb 1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … a monstrous Begonia [ Gard. Chron. 18 Feb 1860]. Is astonished at being attacked for not …
  • … success’ ( ibid . , p.  171). See letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] . [ …
  • … Wollaston] 1860 . John Stevens …
  • … Henslow visited Down from 14 to 16 February 1860 ( Emma Darwin’s diary). …
  • … of the Philosophical Club of the Royal Society on 23 February 1860 (see letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [23 February 1860] ). Harvey’s letter was …
  • … and Agricultural Gazette , 18 February 1860, pp.  145–6. Natural selection , pp.  318–21. …
  • … and Agricultural Gazette , 25 February 1860, pp.  170–1. Hooker pointed out that Harvey …

To J. D. Hooker   15 [May 1860]

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Summary

Lyell, de facto, first to stress importance of geological changes for geographical distribution.

Asa Gray has given CD too much credit for theories of geographical distribution.

Reaction to hostile criticism

and debt to Lyell, Huxley, JDH, and W. B. Carpenter.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  15 [May 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 56
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2802

Matches: 15 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   15 [May 1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 56 Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 [May 1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Darwin was recovering from typhus fever. See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 May [1860] . …
  • … Drummond . CD wrote to Drummond on 16 May 1860. CD refers to Charles Lyell’s Principles of …
  • … Cambridge Philosophical Society on 7 May  1860 at which Adam Sedgwick and William Clark …
  • … from J.  S.  Henslow to J.  D.  Hooker, 10 May 1860 . George Bentham . See letters to …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 3 March [1860] and …
  • … 12 March [1860] . …
  • … The 1860 meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science was to be held …
  • … members were announced at a meeting of the Royal Society on 24 May 1860 ( Athenæum , …
  • … 2 June 1860, p.  759). The surgeon Benjamin Collins Brodie was president of the Royal …
  • … meeting in May and announced on 7 June 1860. Charles Spence Bate and James Emerson Tennent …
  • … The results of the election were announced in the Athenæum , 9 June 1860, p.  792. …
  • … See letter to James Drummond, 16 May 1860 . The ‘essay’ was Hooker 1859 . CD refers to the …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 18 [April 1860] . In a letter written at about this time to …

To J. D. Hooker   [17 July 1860]

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Summary

Asa Gray’s articles in Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences [10 Apr 1860] excellent; considering asking Athenæum to reprint them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [17 July 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 69
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2878

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   [17 July 1860] …
  • … 69 Charles Robert Darwin Wedgwood, S. E. (b) Hartfield [17 July 1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … American Academy of Arts and Sciences [10 Apr 1860] excellent; considering asking Athenæum …
  • … American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4 (1860): 411–15. Gray’s comments are marked in CD’ …
  • … s copy. See letter to Asa Gray, 22 July [1860] . For a fuller account of Henrietta Emma …
  • … Darwin’s condition, see the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 29 July [1860] . …
  • … wrote it on the Tuesday before the letter to Asa Gray, 22 July [1860] . CD refers to the …
  • … the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4 (1860): 410–15, 424–31, in which a debate on …
  • … of the academy’s meeting held on 10 April 1860, Gray defended CD’s views from criticisms …

To J. D. Hooker   26 [February 1860]

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Summary

Applauds JDH’s reply [25 Feb 1860] to W. H. Harvey in Gardeners’ Chronicle.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  26 [Feb 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 43
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2715

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   26 [February 1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 43 Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 [Feb 1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Applauds JDH’s reply [25 Feb 1860] to W. H. Harvey in Gardeners’ Chronicle . …
  • … For Harvey’s response to Origin , see letters from W.  H. Harvey, 24 August 1860  and …
  • … 8 October 1860 . In the concluding section of his article in the Gardeners’ Chronicle , …
  • … and Agricultural Gazette , 25 February 1860, pp.  170–1, entitled ‘The monstrous Begonia …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] . After explaining the origin of the …
  • … and Agricultural Gazette , 25 February 1860, p.  171): Instead of this being a case …

To J. D. Hooker   15 January [1861]

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Summary

CD’s opinion of minor critics and commentators on Origin.

H. C. Watson’s notion of genera converging is dismissed.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  15 Jan [1861]
Classmark:  DAR 115.2: 85
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3047

Matches: 20 hits

  • … and augmented by the author. By Charles Darwin. New York: D. Appleton. 1860. Phillips, …
  • … John. 1860. Life on the earth, its origin and succession. …
  • … Macmillan and Co. Spencer, Herbert. 1860–2. First principles. London: George Manwaring; …
  • … Bibliography Bree, Charles Robert. 1860. Species not transmutable, nor the result of …
  • … Maclachlan & Stewart. Collins, William Wilkie. 1860. The woman in white. 3 vols. London. …
  • … slowly after having contracted what was thought to be typhus fever in 1860. Hooker and …
  • … George Bentham had begun work late in 1860 on an ambitious project to prepare a complete …
  • … University Press. 1910–11. Freke, Henry. 1860. Observations upon Mr Darwin’s recently …
  • … Correspondence vol.  8, letter from H.  C.  Watson, [3? January 1860] , and letter to H.   …
  • … C.  Watson, [5–11 January 1860] . CD discussed Watson’s views and his objection to natural …
  • … plants published in the first nine months of 1860 to the Natural History Review n.s.  1 ( …
  • … Huxley, 3 January [1861] and n.  15. Stur 1860 . There is a copy of the work in the Darwin …
  • … third volume of Watson 1847–59 , published in 1859. Phillips 1860 . CD’s annotated copy is …
  • … in the Darwin Library–CUL. Bree 1860 . CD’s lightly annotated copy is in the Darwin …
  • … had published a brief notice in October 1860 claiming to have preceded CD by publishing in …
  • … There is a copy of this notice ( Freke 1860 ) in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. …
  • … of Herbert Spencer’s First principles ( Spencer 1860–2 ) was published in January 1861. CD …
  • … this work. His copy, which is not annotated, is in the Darwin Library–CUL. Collins 1860 . …
  • … Olmsted 1860 . Hooker undertook a botanical expedition in the Himalayas between 1848 and …
  • … 7: 330–40. ] Olmsted, Frederick Law. 1860. A journey in the back country in the winter of …

To J. D. Hooker   14 February [1860]

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Summary

Huxley’s Royal Institution lecture on Origin [10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): 195–200] an "entire failure" as an exposition of CD’s doctrine.

R. I. Murchison very civil.

CD counts Lyell among the converted.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  14 Feb [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 40
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2696

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   14 February [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 40 Charles Robert Darwin Down 14 Feb [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … of the Geological Society of London 16 (1860), Proceedings, p.  xxxvi). CD expressed his …
  • … Phillips was ‘dead against’ his views in the letter to John Phillips, 14 November [1860] . …
  • … s Royal Institution lecture on Origin [10 Feb 1860, Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 3 (1858–62): …
  • … lecture on CD’s theory at the Royal Institution, which took place on 10 February 1860. See …
  • … also letter to Charles Lyell, 12 [February 1860] . Huxley’s outline for the lecture is in …
  • … s Account book (Down House MS), dated 6 April 1860, records payment of 14 s .  to Hooker …
  • … meeting of the society on 17 February 1860. Contrary to CD’s expectation, Phillips …
  • … See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 8 February [1860] . CD refers to the copies of Hooker’s …
  • … see letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 8 February [1860] ) and his conditions for publication meant …

To J. D. Hooker   29 December [1860]

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Summary

Feels his poor stomach "saved" him from overworking his head.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  29 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 83
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3034

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   29 December [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 83 Charles Robert Darwin Down 29 Dec [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … by the relationship to the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 28 December 1860 . Letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 28 December 1860 . …
  • … In a letter dated 10 December 1860, Gray wrote: ‘Send this note to dear Darwin after …
  • … of Origin written by Chauncey Wright . See letters to Asa Gray , 11 December [1860] and …
  • … 14 December [1860] . See letter to T.   …
  • … H.  Huxley, 11 December [1860] , and letter from T.   …
  • … H. Huxley, [before 14 December 1860] . See …
  • … letters to Daniel Oliver , 20 December [1860] , and to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 26 December [1860]. CD included Constantine Samuel Rafinesque among those …

To J. D. Hooker   [26 February or 4 March 1860]

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Summary

Asks JDH for some Goodenia.

Suggests Daniel Oliver try to cross Mimosa, noted for sterility.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [26 Feb or 4 Mar] 1860
Classmark:  DAR 115: 44
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2716

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   [26 February or 4 March 1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 44 Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 Feb 1860 4 …
  • … Mar 1860 Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … that written to Hooker on Saturday, 3 March [1860]. The Goodenia plants referred to in the …
  • … Down House on 9 March (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 12 March [1860] ). See letter to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [22 January 1860] . Plants of the genus Goodenia have flowers with a cup …
  • … closely related genus Leschenaultia . See letters to J.  D. Hooker, 12 March [1860] and …
  • … 18 April [1860] . Daniel Oliver was an assistant in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic …

To J. D. Hooker   6 September [1860]

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Summary

Thanks JDH for agreeing to observe coats of asses and mules in Middle East.

Asks for observations on vigour of plants as JDH ascends mountains.

Ad hominem article in Athenæum [review of John Tyndall, Glaciers of the Alps, 1 Sept 1860, pp. 280–2].

Reports extensive experiments on Drosera.

Observations on orchid anatomy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  6 Sept [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 74
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2908

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   6 September [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 74 Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Sept [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … Tyndall, Glaciers of the Alps , 1 Sept 1860, pp. 280–2]. Reports extensive experiments on …
  • … for Smyrna (Izmir), Turkey, on 15 September 1860. He returned in mid-November (L.  Huxley …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 2 September [1860] . CD asked Hooker to look out for asses with …
  • … letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 2 September [1860] ). Hooker observed five asses in Syria in …
  • … Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859. Tyndall, John. 1860. The glaciers of the Alps. Being a …
  • … See also letter to Asa Gray, 22 July [1860] . CD refers to Erasmus Alvey Darwin . CD …
  • … the letter to J.  D. Hooker, 7 August [1860] . The Spiranthes autumnalis had been supplied …
  • … More (see letter to A. G. More, 5 September [1860] ). CD refers to Hooker’s paper on the …
  • … Variation 1: 63). Origin , p.  69. The Athenæum , 1 September 1860, pp.  280–2, carried an …
  • … John Tyndall’s Glaciers of the Alps ( Tyndall 1860 ). The book described some of Tyndall’s …

To J. D. Hooker   30 April [1860]

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Summary

JDH has settled the Leschenaultia case, but it remains a difficulty to CD.

Goodenia, like bee orchid, seems a case of a structure with an evident function, which is not carried out. Is curvature of styles an incidental result of growth or a pollination adaptation?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  30 Apr [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2776

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   30 April [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 51 Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Apr [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … by insects. See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [28 April 1860] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, [28 April 1860] . CD had requested a translation of an extract from Reissek  …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [28 April 1860] , CD note and note 12. Robert Brown . …
  • … See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [28 April 1860] and n.  2. Samuel Haughton , professor of …
  • … review of Origin was published early in June 1860 ([Haughton] 1860b). See letters to J.   …
  • … D.  Hooker, 5 June [1860] , and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 8 June [1860]. Jemmy Button ( Orundellico ) was a Fuegian who was brought to …

To J. D. Hooker   6 December [1860]

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Summary

Henry Fawcett’s article on Origin [Macmillan’s Mag. 3 (1860): 81–92] quotes JDH’s Oxford speech.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  6 Dec [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 79
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3011

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   6 December [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 79 Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Dec [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … s article on Origin [ Macmillan’s Mag. 3 (1860): 81–92] quotes JDH’s Oxford speech. …
  • … upon an unwilling convert. See letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 5 [December 1860] and n.  9. …
  • … Bibliography Fawcett, Henry. 1860. A popular exposition of Mr Darwin on the origin of …
  • … Henry Fawcett’s article on Origin ( Fawcett 1860 ). The final paragraph of Fawcett’s essay …
  • … Science defending CD and his views ( Fawcett 1860 , p.  92): I knew of this theory fifteen …

To J. D. Hooker   30 May [1860]

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Summary

Harvey’s letter to JDH more accepting of natural selection than CD expected.

Battle over Origin is raging in the United States.

Weary of hostile reviews.

Doubts about going to Oxford [for BAAS meeting].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  30 May [1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 59
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2818

Matches: 11 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   30 May [1860] …
  • … DAR 115: 59 Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 May [1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … of Science to be held in Oxford in June 1860. William Henry Harvey had been so occupied …
  • … and Botanical Association on 17 February 1860 (L.  Huxley ed.  1918, 1: 515–16). He later …
  • … became an adherent of natural selection in 1860 and defended the theory at meetings of the …
  • … were published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 29 (1860): 436–7 and in …
  • … the Calcutta Review 35 (1860): 64–88. The latter paper is in the Darwin Pamphlet …
  • … see letter from W.  H.  Harvey, 8 October 1860 ). The paper is in the Darwin Pamphlet …
  • … Collection—CUL. See letters to J.  S.  Henslow, 17 May [1860] , and to Asa …
  • … Gray , 22 May [1860]. See n.  1, …
  • … See letter to George Rolleston, 1 June [1860] . Edward Blyth , curator of the museum of …

To J. D. Hooker   31 [August 1860]

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Summary

Observations on Drosera: plants can distinguish minute quantities of nitrogenous substances.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  31 [Aug 1860]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 71
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2886

Matches: 8 hits

  • … To J.  D.  Hooker   31 [August 1860] …
  • … 115: 71 Charles Robert Darwin Hartfield Down letterhead 31 [Aug 1860] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … back with him from Hartfield. See also letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 6 September [1860] . …
  • … the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 2 September [1860] . Daniel Oliver was Hooker’s assistant in …
  • … Gardens, Kew. See also letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 2 September [1860] , and to Daniel …
  • … Oliver , 11 September [1860]. During his research …
  • … carried out in Hartfield in July 1860, CD ascertained that the sticky tentacles borne on …
  • … letter to Daniel Oliver, [22–3 September 1860] ; see also Insectivorous plants , pp.  280– …
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Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of …
  • … in railway stations ( letter to Charles Lyell, 14 January [1860] ). By May, with the work …
  • … be nice easy reading.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and …
  • … his main argument ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1860] ). Darwin’s magnanimous …
  • … utterly  smashed’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). (A chronological list of all the …
  • … the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having spent …
  • … investigation.—’ ( letter to J. S. Henslow, 8 May [1860] ). Above all else Darwin prided …
  • … ample lot of facts.’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 18 February [1860] ). To those who objected that his …
  • … as real.’ ( letter to C. J. F. Bunbury, 9 February [1860] ). This helps to explain why Darwin was …
  • … progression ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860] ). To this and Lyell’s many other …
  • … than a success ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 February [1860] ). I think geologists …
  • … to reasoning.’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 18 May 1860 ). Darwin began to tabulate (and …
  • … and five botanists ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 March [1860] ). Others, like François Jules …
  • … at it, makes me sick!’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 3 April [1860] ). By the end of 1860, Darwin …
  • … those of embryology ( letter to Asa Gray, 10 September [1860] ). Only his theory, he believed, …
  • … of species ( see letter from T. H. Huxley, 6 August 1860 ). But Baer in fact eventually opposed …
  • … other animals’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] )— he and others were well aware that …
  • … after 4 hours battle’ (letter from J. D. Hooker, 2 July 1860). Other correspondents informed Darwin …
  • … thing for subject.—’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 3 July [1860] ). Further details of the meeting, …
  • … theological reform tract  Essays and reviews  in January 1860 as to that of  Origin  itself. …
  • … ( letter from J. S. Henslow to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1860 ). What worried Darwin most about such …
  • … support altogether (letters to Charles Lyell, 1 June [1860] and 11 August [1860] ). As …
  • … view the subject’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 15 February [1860] ); later he became ‘fairly sick’ …
  • … of his geological argument, he wrote to Lyell on 6 June [1860] : 'I am beginning to despair …
  • … Darwin was not, however, entirely preoccupied in 1860 with his critics and the reception of  Origin …
  • … two days after the second edition was issued, on 9 January 1860, he turned to preparing the first …
  • … compressed arguments of  Origin . Many of the letters of 1860 pertain to his collection of further …
  • … in the fertilisation of plants. In the spring and summer of 1860, he began to investigate the …
  • … changed structure.’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 April [1860] ). Tracing the complicated …

British Association meeting 1860

Summary

Several letters refer to events at the British Association for the Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the meeting but in the end was unable to. The most famous incident of the meeting was the verbal…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the Advancement of Science meeting in Oxford, June–July 1860 Several letters in the year 1860
  • … Advancement of Science held in Oxford, 26 June – 3 July 1860. Darwin had planned to attend the …
  • … broken down” (letter to Charles Lyell, 25 [June 1860] ). Undoubtedly the most famous …
  • … are less well known. The following account of the 1860 meeting of the British Association in …
  • … by their precise attribution. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, p. 19: Introduction to the reports …
  • … lively during the week. Athenæum , 7 July 1860, pp. 25–6: Thursday session of Section D. …
  • … monkey was the gift of speech. Athenæum , 14 July 1860, pp. 64–5: Saturday session, …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … should not be in conflict. A TREMENDOUS FURORE: 1859-1860 In which Darwin distributes …
  • … in the long run prevail. CERTAIN BENEFICIAL LINES: 1860 Asa Gray presents his argument …
  • … 1859 70  A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860
  • … 100 A GRAY, ATLANTIC MONTHLY FOR JULY, AUGUST AND OCTOBER, 1860 101 GRAY’S ARTICLE IN THE …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … response to Darwin (see letters from Asa Gray, [10 January 1860], [17 January 1860], and 23 January …
  • … of stereotyping (see letter from Asa Gray, 23 January [1860] and n. 2). The firm agreed, however, to …
  • … of species (two letters to Baden Powell, 18 January 1860), Darwin subsequently changed his mind. On …
  • … this off to Gray enclosed in his letter of [8 or 9 February 1860]. He had earlier sent Gray some …
  • … given by Hewett Cottrell Watson in his letter of [3? January 1860]) that Darwin wanted inserted at …
  • … American edition in the letter to Lyell, 18 [and 19 February 1860]. Darwin suggested to Gray that …
  • … additional corrections” (letter to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton …
  • … printings of Origin (see letter to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] and enclosure) and were preparing to …
  • … American edition of Origin was available in July 1860 (see [Gray] 1860b, p. 116). It is …
  • …   Charles Darwin Down, Bromley, Kent, Feb. 1860   [Darwin’s …
  • … 363–6). See also letter from John Lubbock, [after 28 April 1860?]. 4 Origin , p. 188. …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell   6 June [1860 ]) Darwin encountered problems with the …
  • … ( Charles Darwin to Charles Lyell, 6 June [1860]) To Lyell, Darwin wrote: ‘ I doubt …

Review: The Origin of Species

Summary

- by Asa Gray THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much attention. Two American editions are announced, through which it will become familiar to many…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, March, 1860) This book is already exciting much …

Essay: Design versus necessity

Summary

—by Asa Gray DESIGN VERSUS NECESSITY.—DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO READERS OF DARWIN’S TREATISE ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES, UPON ITS NATURAL THEOLOGY. (American Journal of Science and Arts, September, 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic or pantheistic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (American Journal of Science and Arts, September , 1860) D.T.—Is Darwin’s theory atheistic …

Essay: Natural selection & natural theology

Summary

—by Asa Gray NATURAL SELECTION NOT INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860, reprinted in 1861. I Novelties are enticing to most people; to us they are simply annoying. We cling to a long-accepted…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Monthly for  July ,  August , and  October , 1860, reprinted in 1861. I …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … plant sensitivity: To Charles Lyell,  24 November [1860] : describing experiments on …
  • … On co-adaptation: To J. D. Hooker,  12 July [1860] : on adaptation in Orchis pyramidalis …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859 ; published 1860 1 st US ‘revised and augmented’ …
  • … 2 nd to 3 rd editions; US edition By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the …
  • … be needed ‘ soon, ever, or never ’.  By November 1860 he had heard that it was , and it was …
  • … additions now sent.— In the meantime, in July 1860, a ‘revised and augmented’ American …
  • … he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he told Herbert Spencer that it was …
  • … (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, [ c . 15] September 1860 ). Among pigs in a particular …
  • … who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition.   …

The whale-bear

Summary

Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as a ‘word of ill-omen’.  In the first edition of Origin he told the story of a black bear seen swimming for hours with its mouth wide open scooping insects from the water ‘like a whale’. He went on to imagine that natural…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ( William Henry Harvey to Charles Darwin, 24 August 1860 ) Darwin came to regard ‘bear’ as …

From morphology to movement: observation and experiment

Summary

Darwin was a thoughtful observer of the natural world from an early age. Whether on a grand scale, as exemplified by his observations on geology, or a microscopic one, as shown by his early work on the eggs and larvae of tiny bryozoans, Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … In a letter to  Gardeners’ Chronicle  in June 1860 , he asked readers living in other parts of …
  • … plant  Drosera rotundifolia  (common sundew) in 1860, around the same time he began work on orchid …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … them to spread. It takes up the story of Darwin’s life in 1860, in the immediate aftermath of the …
  • … out to me. No doubt many will be. Darwin to Huxley, 1860. I cannot tell …

Syms Covington

Summary

When Charles Darwin embarked on the Beagle voyage in 1831, Syms Covington was ‘fiddler & boy to Poop-cabin’. Covington kept an illustrated journal of his observations and experiences on the voyage, noting wildlife, landscapes, buildings and people and,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … a new ear-trumpet  for him from London, and again  in 1860 .  Covington still assisted …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … implements of early humans (C. Lyell 1859). In September 1860 he visited sites in both France and …
  • … ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860] and n. 3; Hutchinson 1914, 1: 51). …
  • … book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work on a sixth edition …
  • … completed and set in type for Elements of geology in 1860 and then re-set in 1861 for …
  • … well as the Swiss lake-dwellings, was originally written in 1860 for the sixth edition of the ‘ …
  • … discoveries and conclusions which had been made before 1860; but I gladly took advantage of the …
  • … to them, or to any authors of later date than the summer of 1860, I must have expanded the plan of …
  • … expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1860  15 (1861): 284–343. Translated by …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January [1860] ). In the same letter he reminded Lyell of …
  • … who was already ill-disposed towards Owen following his 1860 review of  Origin , wrote to Falconer …
  • … exercise Darwin was Huxley’s assertion, first made in his 1860 review of  Origin , that in order …
  • …  and  Viola species, had interested Darwin since 1860; it continued to capture his attention ( …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … any of his children were ill, Darwin was unable to work. In 1860 his seventeen-year-old daughter …
  • … on account of Etty.’ (Darwin to W. D. Fox,  18 October [1860] ) Seven of the Darwin children lived …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2814 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] Darwin writes to Gray about the …
  • … Letter 2855 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 3 July [1860] Darwin writes to Gray and tells him …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … to the copy he had sent five years previously in his 1860 letter to Hooker , Darwin exclaimed …
  • … matter, and he was far more satisfied with the results. In 1860-61 and again in 1864 Charles Darwin …
  • … most transformative photographs of Darwin.The years between 1860 and 1864 took a physical and …
  • … his ‘venerable beard’! Images: Charles Darwin, 1860-61, William Darwin, Courtesy of Harvard …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Bridges, Thomas (b) [Oct 1860 or after] [Keppel …
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