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To J. D. Hooker   [1 April 1864]

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Summary

Proposes to support John Scott in research on relative fertility and self-incompatibility of plants. CD would pay him for a year or two but wants JDH to give him research facilities at Kew.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [1 Apr 1864]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 226a–b
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4444

Matches: 6 hits

  • … 1798–1888). See Correspondence vol.  11, letter from John Scott, 6 January 1863 and nn.   …
  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Isaac Anderson-Henry, 20 January [ …
  • … experiments (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from John Scott, 21 September [1863] , …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  10, letter from John Scott, 11 November 1862 ); since then Scott …
  • … vol.  10, letter to John Scott, 19 December [1862] , and Correspondence vol.  11). CD had …
  • 11, and R.  Desmond 1995 , p.  221. All the gardeners at Kew were paid, but salaries were small (see letter

Thom, J. P. (b. 1828/9)

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Mary Butler, [before 25 December 1862] vol. 11, letter from J. P. Thom, 14 January 1863 …

From A. R. Wallace   2 January 1864

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Summary

Remarks on ARW’s review of Samuel Haughton’s paper on bees’ cells

and Origin.

Agassiz’s strength as geologist and weakness in natural history theory.

Work problems.

His butterfly collection.

Problems with book on Malay journey.

Recommends Herbert Spencer and his Social statics.

Spencer’s "masterly" nebular hypothesis.

Author:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Jan 1864
Classmark:  DAR 106: B8–11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4378

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 1864] . See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 23 [June 1863] , in …
  • … in its publication. See Correspondence vol.  11, letter from H.  W.  Bates, 2 May [1863] . …
  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Hermann Crüger, 25 January [1863] , …
  • … 1862] , and Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Hugh Falconer, 5 [and 6] January [1863] ). …
  • … November 1863 ( Correspondence vol.  11). See also letter to A.  R.  Wallace, 1 January  …

To Asa Gray   28 May [1864]

Summary

Is slowly writing Lythrum paper [Collected papers 2: 106–31].

Thanks for [Charles?] Wright’s observations on orchids

– could he note what attracts insects to Begonia and Melastoma? H. Crüger, who was going to observe Melastomataceae, has died.

Describes the climbing habits of Bignonia capreolata and Eccremocarpus scaber.

How does AG know the perfect flowers of Voandzeia are quite sterile?

He has a case of dimorphism in holly; asks AG to report on American hollies.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  28 May [1864]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (79)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4511

Matches: 8 hits

  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter to W.  E.  Darwin, [5 May 1863] and n.   …
  • … a review of it (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Daniel Oliver, 27 November 1863 , …
  • … to germinate (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Asa Gray, 7 July 1863 , and letter …
  • … 4. See Correspondence vol.  11, enclosure to the letter to J.  D. Hooker, 27 [November  …
  • … due to visit him in July (see letter from Asa Gray, 11 July 1864 ). No letter from Wright …
  • … or lichen-covered trees (see letter from Asa Gray, 11 July 1864  and n.  5, and ‘Climbing …
  • … did not make this statement; see letter from Asa Gray, 11 July 1864 . Voandzeia is a genus …
  • … Willis 1973 ). See also letter from Asa Gray, 11 July 1864 . For CD’s published discussion …

From W. E. Darwin   23 July [1863]

Summary

Could not find Anchusa but will go out and find some.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  23 July [1863]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 18)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4251F

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on 12 August (see Correspondence vol. 11, letter to W. E. Darwin, [25 July 1863] and n. …
  • … angustifolia (see Correspondence vol. 11, letter to W. E. Darwin, [4 May 1863] and n. 3). …
  • … and the letter to W. E. Darwin, [10 May 1863] ( Correspondence vol. 11). William had sent …

From J. D. Hooker   9 [March] 1864

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Summary

Reception of Scott’s paper.

Difficulty of writing Boott’s obituary.

Critical of Edward Frankland’s glacial theory.

Falconer’s and Ramsay’s views on Himalayan lakes lack support of basic evidence.

Taxonomic distribution of climbing plants.

Huxley picks quarrels with minor figures and thus magnifies them.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 [Mar] 1864
Classmark:  DAR 101: 189–92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4404

Matches: 7 hits

  • … 1861] and n.  9, and Correspondence vol.  11, letter to George Bentham, 19 June [1863] ). …
  • … him from Kew (see Correspondence vol.  11, letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 January [1863] …
  • … 437–9; see also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 15 and 22 May [1863] …
  • … 1863, aged 6 (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, [28 September …
  • … Hooker , aged 11. For Hooker’s recent discussion of his son William, see the letter from …
  • … formation (see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 16 February 1864  and n.  11) and to Andrew …
  • … n.  10, and letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [20–]22 February [1864] and nn.  10 and 11. There is …

From Asa Gray   15 and 17 May 1865

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Summary

Reports Lincoln’s murder.

The end of Civil War is in sight.

Must look at dimorphism in Plantago.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 and 17 May 1865
Classmark:  DAR 165: 147
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4833

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Brace 1863 ; see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to C.  L.  Brace, 24 June [1863] and n.   …
  • … the United States (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Asa Gray, 23 February [1863] and …
  • … 3, and Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Asa Gray, 23 November 1863  and nn.  8 and 9). …
  • … 1862 and 1863 (see Correspondence vol.  9, letter to Asa Gray, 11 December [1861] , n.   …

From Friedrich Hildebrand   21 June 1864

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Summary

Studying insect pollination in Salvia

and heterostyly in Pulmonaria officinalis which is similar to Linum case.

Author:  Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) Hildebrand
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 June 1864
Classmark:  DAR 166: 202
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4542

Matches: 5 hits

  • … See Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 10 November 1863 , and …
  • … 1863a ; see also Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 16 July  …
  • … 1863b ; see also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Friedrich Hildebrand, 28 July [1863] , …
  • … In her letter to Hildebrand of 20 November [1863] ( Correspondence vol.  11), Emma Darwin …
  • 11, Appendix IV). On Treviranus’s reviews of CD, see Junker 1989 , pp.  143–4. Hildebrand’s name was on the presentation list for ‘Three forms of Lythrum salicaria ’ (see Correspondence vol.  12, Appendix III). He reviewed the paper in the 10 February 1865 issue of Botanische Zeitung , pp.  50–2. See also letter

To Roland Trimen   13 May 1864

Summary

Oxalis plants have arrived safely [see 4347].

CD regrets his mistake about Disa; will correct it.

Thanks RT for his additional facts about Disa.

Is recovering slowly from ten months’ illness.

Asks whether Strelitzia reginae grows in gardens at the Cape. Suspects it must be fertilised by a bird.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Roland Trimen
Date:  13 May 1864
Classmark:  Royal Entomological Society (Trimen papers, box 21: 59)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4493

Matches: 4 hits

  • … CD’s request (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Roland Trimen, 25 November [1863] ). …
  • … and specimens (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Roland Trimen, 23 May [1863] , and …
  • … Trimen 1863 ). See Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Roland Trimen, 16 March 1863 , and …
  • letter from Henry Trimen, 10 May 1864 . James McGibbon was superintendent of the Botanic Garden, Cape Town ( R. Desmond 1994 ). See also McCracken 1997 , p.  41. CD had been investigating dimorphism in Oxalis since 1861 (see Correspondence vols.  9–11). …

To John Scott   12 April [1863]

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Summary

Encourages JS to publish on sterility of orchids and to experiment on Passiflora.

Doubted Hooker’s poppy case.

Describes case of primrose with three pistils: when pulled apart allowed pollen to be placed directly on ovules. This supports JS’s explanation of H. Crüger’s case.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott
Date:  12 Apr [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 93: B59, B77–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4084

Matches: 14 hits

  • … pollen-tubes. As he explained in his letter of [1–11] April [1863] , Scott believed that …
  • … in Primula auricula (see letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] ). To investigate the …
  • … before their expansion (see letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] ). See letter from …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] . …
  • Letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] . CD wrote a draft of the section of Variation …
  • … 22 September 1862 ( ibid. ). See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] and n.   …
  • … 13. See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] and nn.  16–17. CD subsequently …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker 1854a ). See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April 1863  and n.  19. See …
  • … after 14 April 1863] . See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] and n.  25. Hermann …
  • … Crüger, 23 February 1863 ). See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] and n.  30. In …
  • … letter to John Scott, 24 March [1863] , and letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] . …
  • … See letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] . In his letter to CD of 23 February  …
  • … Scott had suggested (see letter from John Scott, [1–11] April [1863] ) that the pollen- …
  • 11, Appendix II)). Scott’s observations on self-sterility and cross-fertility in Oncidium and Maxillaria were briefly discussed in Variation 2: 133, 164. Scott detailed his observations on self-sterility and cross-fertilisation in the orchid genus Oncidium in a paper read before the Botanical Society of Edinburgh on 14 May 1863 ( Scott 1863a ). See also Scott 1864b . CD had been encouraging Scott to experiment on Passiflora since March 1863 (see letter

To Thomas Rivers   28 December [1862]

Summary

Thanks for letter [missing] and help.

Asks about the effect said to be produced on the stock by a graft.

Health prevents accepting TR’s invitation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Rivers
Date:  28 Dec [1862]
Classmark:  Sotheby’s (dealers) (23–4 July 1987)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3879

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 338–40 (see also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Thomas Rivers, 11 January [1863] , 15  …
  • … found; however, see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Thomas Rivers, 7 January [1863] . …
  • … 1: 394–5. See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Thomas Rivers, 7 January [1863] . CD …

To J. D. Hooker   22 [May 1864]

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CD’s pleasure at JDH’s willingness to help Scott find a position in India.

Naudin underrates contamination of his experiments by insects. Thus CD doubts Naudin’s results on rapidity and universality of reversion in hybrids.

Wallace’s paper on man [see 4494] reflects his genius, although CD does not fully agree with it.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  22 [May 1864]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 236
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4506

Matches: 8 hits

  • … C.  Lyell 1863a , see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24[–5] February [ …
  • … Naudin 1862 , see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to C.  V.  Naudin, 7 February 1863 . For …
  • … of Origin , see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 January [1863] . …
  • … from flower peduncles, see the letters to Daniel Oliver , 11 March [1864] and nn.  6–9, …
  • letter to the Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener , [before 3 February 1863] ( Correspondence vol.  11). …
  • … 1862  and n.  3, and letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 [June 1862] and n.  11. For CD’s reading …
  • … vol.  10, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 [June 1862] and n.  11). For comments of CD’s …
  • … n.  5. See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 19 May 1864  and nn.  10 and 11. CD is referring to …

From G. H. Darwin   18 April 1874

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Summary

Sends queries [on proofs of Descent, 2d ed.]. Will be finished, except for the index, in two days.

Is now less satisfied than formerly with his statistics on cousin marriage.

[Enclosure is a copy by GHD of J. S. Mill’s statement about Origin (Logic 2: 18 n.).]

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18 Apr 1874
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 34
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-9417

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of the passage, see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from E.  A.  Darwin, 9 November 1863 . …

To J. D. Hooker   24 December [1862]

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Summary

Thanks for Dawson’s letter. Doubts his evidence that climate of land was not glacial when upheaved after submergence.

Encloses memorandum of questions for C. V. Naudin.

Expression of the emotions.

Is building a hothouse for plant experimenting.

JDH’s ideas on America are more atrocious than his. What a new idea that struggle for existence is necessary to try to purge a government! Probably true. Slavery draws him one way one day, another the next. Yankees are "detestable toward us". Tocqueville.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  24 Dec [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 177
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3875

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Bentham (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 24 January 1863 ), and …
  • … June 1862 ). See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to C.  V.  Naudin, 7 February 1863 . …
  • … February 1863 (see Correspondence vol.  11, letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 13 January [1862] …

To Roland Trimen   25 November 1864

Summary

Has forwarded RT’s paper on Bonatea to the Linnean Society [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 9 (1865): 156–60].

The Oxalis sent by RT flowered but CD has made out only two forms; he thinks there ought to be three, so would welcome more seed.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Roland Trimen
Date:  25 Nov 1864
Classmark:  Royal Entomological Society (Trimen papers, box 21: 60)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4680

Matches: 5 hits

  • … pp.  76–7. See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Asa Gray, 27 January 1863 . See …
  • … January 1863 (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 30 January [1863] and …
  • … pollinia set (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Roland Trimen, 16 February [1863] and …
  • … in his letter to Trimen of 31 January [1863] ( Correspondence vol.  11). An annotated copy …
  • … and Correspondence vol.  10, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 11 September [1862] ; see also …

From John Scott   17 December [1862]

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Summary

Thanks for Journal of researches and Origin.

Thanks CD for comments on his fern paper [see 3847 and 3853]; has great difficulty in expressing his ideas.

Discusses inheritance and variation.

Asks CD for an account of the experiments he would like JS to perform.

Author:  John Scott
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Dec [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 177: 80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3865

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Verbascum in 1863 (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to John Scott, 7 November [1863] ). …
  • … to Scott 1862a (see n.  4, below). See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] and n.   …
  • … 17. See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] . Scott had enclosed a copy of Scott  …
  • … are Scott 1862c and 1862d. See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] and n.  5. Scott …
  • … See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] . …
  • … See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ; this individual has not been identified. …
  • … Karl Friedrich von Gärtner (see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] and nn.  19 and …
  • … Scott 1862a , p.  219. See letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] . Karsten 1861 . …
  • … 6 December [1862] , and letters to John Scott, 3 December [1862] and 11 December [1862] . …

From Henry Walter Bates   28 January 1865

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Summary

Pleased at receiving CD’s letter.

HWB informs him of favourable notice of the mimetic paper [in Wiegmann’s Arch. Naturgesch. 29 (1863) pt 2: 315–19].

He is pleased with his post [Asst. Sec. of Royal Geographical Society].

Author:  Henry Walter Bates
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 Jan 1865
Classmark:  DAR 160: 79
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4756

Matches: 2 hits

  • … published (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from H.  W.  Bates, 29 September 1863 , and …
  • … 19 January 1863 (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from H.  W.  Bates, 24 January 1863 , …

To T. W. Woodbury   7 December [1862]

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Summary

Cannot aid TWW with respect to bees from East Indies. Suggests he write to Edward Blyth.

Thanks him for getting query on variation in bees circulated in Germany.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas White Woodbury
Date:  7 Dec [1862]
Classmark:  DAR 148: 374
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3849

Matches: 3 hits

  • … artificial comb’ (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from T.  W.  Woodbury, 17 March  …
  • … naturalised (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter from T.  W.  Woodbury, 17 March 1863 ). …
  • … Correspondence vol.  11; see nn.  2 and 5, below). Woodbury’s letter has not been found; …

From Daniel Oliver   12 March 1864

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Summary

Discusses homologies of plant organs.

The passion-flower tendril should be considered a modified branch rather than a modified flower. Considers the distinction between the peduncle and the leaf midrib.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Mar 1864
Classmark:  DAR 157.2: 103
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4425

Matches: 8 hits

  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter from Daniel Oliver, 27 November 1863   …
  • 11 and 12, and letter from Daniel Oliver, [17 March 1864] . …
  • … upon nature. See also n.  2, above. See letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] and nn.   …
  • … See letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] . Oliver’s reference to ‘the ideal leaf’ and …
  • … the shoot, are terminal . ’ See also letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] and n.  7. …
  • … Darwin’s drawings in the enclosure to the letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] . …
  • … See letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] and nn.  8 and 9, and n.  4, …
  • … as linden trees ( Tilia ). See letter to Daniel Oliver, 11 March [1864] and n.  10; see …

From John Scott   [13 January 1864]

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Summary

Glad CD is sending his Primula paper to Linnean Society.

Sends promised Linum seeds.

Author:  John Scott
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [13 Jan 1864]
Classmark:  DAR 177: 99
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4385

Matches: 4 hits

  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter to John Scott, 6 March 1863 , and letter …
  • … June [1864] ). See Correspondence vol.  11, letters from John Scott , [26 July – 2 August …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  10, letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] , and Origin , pp.   …
  • … 7 January [1864] and nn.  6, 7, 9, and 11. See letter from Emma Darwin to John Scott, 9  …
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The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book …

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In March 1862, Heinrich Georg Bronn wrote to Darwin stating his intention to prepare a second …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … As the sheer volume of his correspondence indicates, 1862 was a particularly productive year for …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

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  • … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

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  • … Letters | Selected Readings Darwin's first reflections on human progress were …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

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  • … Observers |  Fieldwork |  Experimentation |  Editors and critics  |  Assistants …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

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  • … I cannot bear to think of the future The year 1876 started out sedately enough with …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

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  • …   no little discovery of mine ever gave me so much pleasure as the making out the …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

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  • … On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

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  • … You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

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  • … Target audience?  | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

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  • … Re: Design – performance version – 25 March 2007 – 1 Re: Design – Adaptation of the …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

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  • … I think we have proved that the sleep of plants is to lessen injury to leaves from radiation …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

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  • … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

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  • … Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

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  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …
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