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From Eduard von Eichwald   10 January 1872

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Summary

Sends paper on the coasts of Alaska.

Wishes to sell his large Russian palaeontological collection.

Wants to get in touch with American (Mr Dall), who is going to study geology of Alaskan and Aleutian coast.

Author:  Karl Eduard (Eduard) von Eichwald
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 163: 13
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8155

From Henri Apatowsky   11 January 1872

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Summary

Asks CD whether he will find a translator and publisher for a paper Dr A wrote in 1870, siding with Carl Vogt in defence of CD’s view of descent of man.

Author:  Henri Apatowsky
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 159: 77
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8156

To St G. J. Mivart   11 January [1872]

Summary

CD believes that StGJM has been unfair in his criticisms and has misrepresented him; he begs him not to write again. "Agassiz has uttered splendid sarcasms on me, but I still feel quite friendly towards him. M. Flourens cd. not find words to express his contempt of me: Pictet & Hopkins argued with great force against me: Fleeming Jenkin covered me with first-rate ridicule; & his crticisms were true & most useful: but none of their writings have mortified me as yours have done …" [See 8154.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  St George Jackson Mivart
Date:  11 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  Karpeles Manuscript Library Museums
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8156A

From Armand de Quatrefages   12 January 1872

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Summary

Battle for CD’s nomination to the French Academy continues.

Author:  Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 175: 9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8157

To J. E. Taylor   13 January [1872]

Summary

Thanks for sending his article in the Westminster Review [n.s. 41 (1872): 28–49] and the notice of CD’s work.

Natural selection is under a cloud at present, but CD expects that it will be resuscitated.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Ellor Taylor
Date:  13 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  Morristown National Historical Park (Lloyd W. Smith MS 696)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8157A

To Asa Gray   15 January 1872

Summary

Questions AG on earthworm activity in North America and would welcome information from northern Canada if AG has a correspondent there.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  15 Jan 1872
Classmark:  Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (99)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8158

To Armand de Quatrefages   15 January [1872]

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Summary

Obliged for QdeB’s efforts [to have CD elected member of Académie Française].

With regard to stress that QdeB lays on man’s walking on two legs, no one attributes much significance to difference in mode of locomotion between seals and terrestrial Carnivora or kangaroos and other marsupials.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau
Date:  15 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  DAR 147: 289
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8159

To John Scott   15 January 1872

Summary

Is resuming the study of worm-casts as he believes they will bear on the denudation of land. Requests specific information on the relative number, size, and manner of deterioration of worm-casts in India.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott
Date:  15 Jan 1872
Classmark:  Transactions of the Hawick Archæological Society (1908): 68
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8159F

From J. J. Aubertin   16 January 1872

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Summary

A friend of JJA’s wants CD’s opinion on whether the disease porigo decalvans (hair falling out in clumps) demonstrates the link between man and dogs and has continued to evolve with man after he passed out of his "hairy-animal state".

Capt. [Richard?] Burton disagrees with CD’s notion of beauty in the abstract, and would like to meet him.

Author:  John James Aubertin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 159: 127
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8160

From Fritz Müller   16 January 1872

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Summary

Has no objection to CD’s alluding to FM’s idea that sexual selection has come into play in mimetic butterflies.

Reports observations on other butterflies and on termites.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 142: 55
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8161

To C. H. Morris   16 January [1872]

Summary

Is sending the requested photograph.

Mr Murray will send a copy of CD’s Journal of researches to L. S. Bouton [see 8107a].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Caroline Honoria Campbell; Caroline Honoria Morris
Date:  16 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  UCL Library Services, Special Collections (Tipped into Journal of researches (1860) R920 DAR)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8161A

From Henry Huxley   17 and 20 January 1872

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Summary

His father has gone to Egypt.

Tells of visit to circus.

Author:  Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 and 20 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 166: 286
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8162

From P. C. Sutherland   17 January 1872

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Summary

Has some birds which are allegedly the result of a cross between a common fowl and a guinea-fowl; describes their appearance, and will provide CD with likenesses.

Author:  Peter Cormack Sutherland
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 177: 321
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8163

From A. E. Dobbs   17 January 1872

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Summary

Sends a pamphlet [not identified] in which he applies the principle of natural selection to the working of legislative institutions.

Author:  Archibald Edward Dobbs
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan 1872
Classmark:  DAR 162: 187
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8164

To W. W. Baxter?   17 January [1872–4]

Summary

Requests a prescribed physic [not specified].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Walmisley Baxter
Date:  17 Jan [1872-4]
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (Autograph File, D)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8165

To J. W. Dawson   19 January 1872

Summary

Thanks recipient for memoir on fossil plants of the Devonian and Upper Silurian.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John William Dawson
Date:  19 Jan 1872
Classmark:  McGill University Library, Department of Rare Books
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8166

To L. H. Morgan   20 January 1872

Summary

Thanks LHM for his work on consanguinity. [See 7299].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Lewis Henry Morgan
Date:  20 Jan 1872
Classmark:  University of Rochester Libraries, Department of Rare Books, Special Collections and Preservation
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8167

From Amy Ruck to Horace Darwin   [20 January 1872]

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Summary

Describes the occurrence of earthworms and the signs of earthworm activity in the neighbourhood.

Author:  Amy Richenda (Amy) Ruck; Amy Richenda (Amy) Darwin
Addressee:  Horace Darwin
Date:  [20 Jan 1872]
Classmark:  DAR 176: 221
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8168

From L. C. Wedgwood   20 January [1872]

Summary

Gives results of probing worm-holes with wire.

Author:  Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  DAR 94: 1b
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8169

From Raphael Meldola   21 January [1872]

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Summary

Discusses his paper on mimicry and natural selection [Land and Water 9 (1871): 321]. Believes natural selection tends to fix mimetic characters rigidly.

Author:  Raphael Meldola
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Jan [1872]
Classmark:  DAR 171: 117
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8170
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Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can …
  • … as evolution’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace,  27 July [1872] ). By the end of the year Darwin …
  • … s.  6 d.  ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 February 1872 ). Always closely involved in …
  • … translator ( letter to J. J. Moulinié, 23 September 1872 ). He recapped the history of the French …
  • … of the year ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald, 23 November 1872 ). To persuade his US publisher, …
  • … Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart,  11 January [1872] ). A worsening breach The …
  • … beautiful’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 3 March 1872 ). I consider that you have …
  • … Darwin ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 5 January 1872 ). Piqued, Mivart flung back by return of post …
  • … errors’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 6 January 1872 ). Darwin likened the affair to the …
  • … towards me’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 8 January [1872] ).  Despite Darwin’s request that he …
  • … world’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart,  10 January 1872 ).  Darwin, determined to have the last …
  • … acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I hate controversy,’ Darwin …
  • … I do it badly’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 3 August [1872] ).  Darwin's theories under …
  • … the world moves!’ ( letter from Mary Treat, 13 December 1872 ).  'Here is a bee' …
  • … it at least in part ( letter to August Weismann, 5 April 1872 ). ‘I wanted some encouragement’, he …
  • … to believe it’ ( letter to Herman Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ).  Müller had sent him a …
  • … of natural and sexual selection to bees (H. Müller 1872), and with his reply Darwin enclosed an …
  • … standing’ ( letter to Hermann Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ). Finishing  Expression …
  • … doing nothing’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 22 October [1872] ). He was far from idle during their …
  • … to be more erect’ ( letter to Briton Riviere, 19 May [1872] ).  Riviere had been suggested to …
  • … clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and invited Butler to dinner the …
  • … from Samuel Butler to Francis Darwin, [before 30 May 1872] , and letter from Samuel Butler, 30 …
  • … feels no doubts’ ( letter to F. C. Donders, 17 June 1872 ). Right up to the beginning of June, …
  • … Buckley Litchfield ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 13 May 1872 ). Delivery to the press brought only …
  • … myself’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 25 July 1872 ). A battle for the independence of …
  • … partisan reply ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 May 1872 ). On 13 June, a messenger arrived in …
  • … to letter from John Lubbock to W. E. Gladstone, 20 June 1872 ).  Darwin was quietly using his …
  • … an old honest Tory’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 July [1872] ). Darwin and Wallace: …
  • … Wallace’s defence ( letter to  Nature  , 3 August [1872] ).  Although the two men were …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on butterflies and termites,  16 January 1872 CD asks G. C. Wallich for the negative of a …
  • … permission to publish it in Expression ,  24 February [1872] Gerard Krefft's " …
  • … sketches of  Thylacoleo carnifex ,  15 May 1872 Hubert Airy's description of the …

New features for Charles Darwin's 208th birthday

Summary

The website has been updated with an interactive timeline (try it!) and enhanced secondary school resources for ages 11-14. What's more, the full texts of the letters for 1872 are now online for the first time, and a selection of Darwin's…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 11-14 . What's more, the full texts of the letters for 1872 are now online for the first …
  • … classroom. Over six hundred of Darwin's letters from 1872 are now published online for …
  • … in man and animals .  Read Darwin's Life in Letters for 1872 . Darwin and women …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Darwin, Francis [before 30 June 1872] New University …
  • … Galton, Francis 7 Nov 1872 Rutland Gate, London, …
  • … Meyer, A.B. 25 April 1872 Manila, Philippin Islands …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 7 Sept 1872 11 St Mary Abbot' …
  • … Reade, Winwood W. 5 Nov 1872 13 Alfred Place, …

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Letter 8321 - Darwin to Litchfield, H. E., [13 May 1872] Darwin consults his …
  • … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …
  • … Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
  • … 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
  • … 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February 1872] Amy Ruck sends a second …
  • … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
  • … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …
  • … Letter 8683 - Roberts, D. to Darwin, [17 December 1872] Dora Roberts reports an …
  • … 8144 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [5 January 1872] Darwin asks his niece, Lucy, …
  • … 8168 - Ruck, A. R . to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
  • … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
  • … Letter 8169 - Wedgwood, L. to Darwin, [20 January, 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, gives the …
  • … 8427 - Darwin to Litc hfield, H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
  • … 8153  - Darwin to  Darwin, W. E., [9 January 1872] Darwin thanks his son William …
  • … Letter 8676  - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Lydia Becker, 2 August 1863 ; to Mary Treat, 5 January 1872 ). Click on the play …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), arguing that similarities in facial …
  • … Letter 8367: Darwin, C. R. to Wright, Chauncey, 3 June [1872] In this letter to the …

Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II

Summary

The most forceful and persistent critic of the term ‘natural selection’ was the co-discoverer of the process itself, Alfred Russel Wallace.  Wallace seized on Herbert Spencer’s term ‘survival of the fittest’, explicitly introduced as an alternative way of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … the fittest’ as ‘survival of the better’ (see Spencer 1872, and the letter to Herbert Spencer, 10 …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 8335 - Reade, W. W. to Darwin, [16 May 1872] Reade tells Darwin of his …
  • … Letter 8341 - Reade, W. W. to Darwin, [20 May 1872] Reade shares with Darwin his …
  • … 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to Darwin, E., [8 November 1872] Ann Cupples asks Emma to …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 8140 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [3 January 1872] Darwin congratulates his son for …
  • … Letter 8146 - Darwin to Treat, M., [5 January 1872] Darwin praises Mary Treat’s …
  • … Letter 8171 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L., [21 January 1872] Darwin thanks his niece for the …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

4.13 'Fun' cartoon by Griset, 'Emotional'

Summary

< Back to Introduction Ernest Griset’s drawing titled ‘Emotional!’ was published in Fun magazine on 23 November  1872, and is another skit referring to Darwin’s recently published Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. A hippopotamus had been…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … was published in Fun magazine on 23 November  1872, and is another skit referring to Darwin’s …
  • … the firm of Dalziel 
 date of creation November 1872 
 computer-readable date …

Thomas Rivers

Summary

Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … for the prosperity I have long enjoyed” ( 29 March 1872 ). …

4.5 William Beard, comic painting

Summary

< Back to Introduction In June 1872, Darwin’s friend Asa Gray, the Harvard Professor of Botany, sent him a print or photograph of a comic painting by the American artist William Holbrook Beard. Titled The Youthful Darwin Expounding His Theories, it…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In June 1872, Darwin’s friend Asa Gray, the Harvard Professor …
  • … reactive to Origin of Species in the 1860s, and by 1872 the joke must have seemed rather stale.  …
  • … to Darwin, enclosing one from Rood to himself, 11 June 1872 (DCP-LETT-8381); Darwin’s reply to Gray, …

Earthworms

Summary

As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 8137 - William Darwin to Charles Darwin, 1 January 1872 Darwin’s eldest son writes …
  • … observed so much without aid.” [Letter 8140, 3 January 1872] Letters 8144 , 8169 …

Climbing Plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 8545 - Asa Gray to Charles Darwin, 6 October 1872 Asa Gray writes to Darwin …
  • … Letter 8656 - Asa Gray to Charles Darwin, 2 December 1872 Asa Gray writes to Darwin …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … for the book may have been increased by the publication in 1872 of  Corals and coral islands , by …
  • …  vol. 20, letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). To Darwin’s relief, Murray replied …
  • …  vol. 20, letter to Hubert Airy, 24 August 1872 ). The passage took twelve weeks aboard the …

3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born …
  • … him in May, August and October 1871, and in March and August 1872, but some of these payments, and …
  • … April 1871, and reproduced in the London Journal in June 1872. Darwin also sent it to various …
  • … one of Huxley, in The London Journal , 55:1426 (8 June 1872), p. 357, illustrating an article  …

4.20 Frederick Waddy, caricature

Summary

< Back to Introduction A series of portrait caricatures drawn by Frederick Waddy appeared in the journal Once a Week through 1872. It clearly emulated the more famous series in Vanity Fair, and indeed, Waddy’s drawing of Darwin has the same title or…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Waddy appeared in the journal Once a Week through 1872. It clearly emulated the more famous …
  • … with monogram ‘FW’) 
 date of creation 1872 
 computer-readable date 1872-01-01 …
  • … Darwin, F.R.S.’, Once a Week , new series 9:232 (8 June 1872), pp. 520-3. Cartoon Portraits and …
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