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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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From Fritz Müller   9 January 1881

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Thanks for CD’s offer of assistance after flood damage.

Comments on Movement in plants. Discusses sleep movements and paraheliotropism of Maranta and other plants.

Describes the fertilisation of figs by Hymenoptera.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Jan 1881
Classmark:  DAR 99: 217–20
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12996

Matches: 1 hit

  • … de la Société botanique de France 15: 1113. Endlicher, Stephan Ladislaus. 1836–42. Genera …

To G. H. Darwin   25 November [1881]

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Last issue of Nature has made him "awfully proud". [See R. S. Ball, "A glimpse through the corridors of time", Nature 25 (1881): 79–82.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  25 Nov [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.1: 112
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13511

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 2, below). George had been at Down from 11 to 13 November 1881 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR …

From Alphonse de Candolle   18 January [1881]

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Thanks for Movement in plants. Praises the terms CD introduces, but criticises CD’s use of the teleological word "purpose".

Outlines his efforts to study the inheritance of characters in his family. F. Galton overemphasises the inheritance of good qualities.

Author:  Alphonse de Candolle
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18 Jan [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 161: 25
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13017

Matches: 2 hits

  • … ce cas particulier. Sur 13 caractères physiques extérieurs, 11 existaient aussi chez mon …
  • … this particular case. Of 13 external physical characteristics, 11 were also present in my …

From Charles Mostyn Owen   29 May 1881

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Would like to visit CD. Has not seen him for 40 years.

Author:  Charles Mostyn Owen
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  29 May 1881
Classmark:  DAR 99: 202–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13182

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 7 to 11 December 1880 (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to Sarah Haliburton, 13 December …

From W. M. Hacon   13 September 1881

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Drafting new will as CD requested.

Author:  William Mackmurdo Hacon
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Sept 1881
Classmark:  DAR 166: 27
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13335

Matches: 1 hit

  • … E.  C. 13 th September 1881 My dear Sir I am in receipt of your letter of the 11 th …

From W. E. Darwin   [13 March 1881]

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Cannot write so is using Lily as secretary. Proud to be member of Geological Society. Sends observations of rhododendron leaves. Could not find piece of ploughed land. Has proved Josiah Wedgwood III’s death in North Eastern Railway Company. Taking care because head hurts.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [13 Mar 1881]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 101)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13141F

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13 1881 says he has looked at 29 more Rhododendron leaves & 18 were drawn in by base & 11

To W. E. Darwin   13 September [1881]

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Discusses financial affairs.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  13 Sept [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 182
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13334

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 September 1881 . William Mackmurdo Hacon was CD’s solicitor. In a letter dated 13

To J. D. Hooker   3 and 4 September [1881]

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Praises JDH’s York address.

S. B. J. Skertchly has paralleled Axel Blytt’s work in Cambridgeshire fens.

JDH too cautious on southern glacial period.

Is Kew interested in Azores plants collected by Arruda Furtado, a local inhabitant and an evolutionist?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  3 and 4 Sept 1881
Classmark:  DAR 95: 532–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13316

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 of the separately paginated offprint corresponds to Hooker 1881 , p. 737. See letter from Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 13

From W. E. Darwin   [16 January 1881]

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Thanks CD for writing for papers to enter Geological Society. Will return Leslie Stephen’s letter. Has had a severe frost. Emma’s puppy died.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [16 Jan 1881]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 100)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13023F

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 January 1881 , and letter from Leslie Stephen, 12 January [1881] ). Leonard Darwin had suggested adding an errata sheet to unsold copies of Erasmus Darwin (see letter from Leonard Darwin to Leslie Stephen, [10 January 1881] ). Leonard was ill in London ( letter from Emma Darwin to Sara Darwin, [13

To W. E. Darwin   14 January [1881]

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Discusses earthworm activity

and animal grazing on slopes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  14 Jan [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 171
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13013

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13 January [1881] and n. 3. CD prepared a certificate for William’s election to the Geological Society of London (see letter to T. H. Huxley, 22 January 1881 ). CD had asked Leslie Stephen for advice about how to reply to Samuel Butler (see letter to Leslie Stephen, 11

To Nature   7 November [1881]

Summary

Summarises letter of William Nation [13350]. The facts given strongly support the conclusion that there is some close connection between the parasitic habits of birds that lay their eggs in others’ nests and the fact of their laying eggs at "considerable intervals of time".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Nature
Date:  7 Nov [1881]
Classmark:  Nature, 17 November 1881, p. 51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13471

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11, 16, 21, and 26; so that there was an interval of exactly four clear days between the laying of each egg. Later in the season she laid six additional eggs, but at much longer intervals and irregularly, viz.  on March 8, April 6 and 13, …

From Leonard Darwin   12 October [1881]

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Will be home on Saturday.

Author:  Leonard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Oct [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 186: 36
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13395

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 October 1881 ). Isaac Withers Laslett was a local builder; as part of the redevelopment of the newly acquired land, the Darwins intended to construct a wall to screen some cottages from view ( letter from Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, 13

From T. H. Farrer   5 November 1881

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Has received Earthworms.

Author:  Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Nov 1881
Classmark:  DAR 164: 104
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13461

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 Bryanston Square, London. Farrer’s name appears on CD’s presentation list for Earthworms (see Appendix IV). Proponents of fair trade advocated selective use of tariffs; on debates over fair trade and free trade in 1881, see Biagini 1992 , pp. 132–4. Farrer later wrote a detailed study of the issue and advocated free trade (see Farrer 1882 ). CD discussed the valuable role of worms in turning and enriching the soil (see Earthworms , pp. 312–13, …

To W. E. Darwin   3 January [1881]

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Thanks WED for some earthworm observations.

Discusses investments.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  3 Jan [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 170
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12973

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13 January 1881] (DAR 219.1: 140)). See letter from W. E. Darwin, 1 January [1881] . CD purchased 1600 general mortgage bonds in the Pennsylvania Railroad Company on 11

To J. D. Hooker   6 August 1881

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Responds to JDH’s outline history of plant geography.

Considers Humboldt the "greatest scientific traveller who ever lived".

Discusses the origin and rapid radiation of angiosperms in Cretaceous period.

Comments on importance of work of Alphonse de Candolle, Saporta, Axel Blytt.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  6 Aug 1881
Classmark:  DAR 95: 518–23
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13277

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11; for his earlier discussions with Hooker on the subject, see Correspondence vol.  6, letters to J.  D.  Hooker, 13  …

From Anthony Rich   2 September [1881]

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Condolences on the death of E. A. Darwin.

Author:  Anthony Rich
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Sept [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 176: 151
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13314

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13). Rich was acquainted with George Howard Darwin and William Erasmus Darwin . The British Association for the Advancement of Science met in York from 31 August to 7 September ( Report of the 51st Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1881)). Because of E. A. Darwin ’s death on 26 August, George attended only the last day of the meeting (see letter from G. H. Darwin, 28 August 1881 and n. 11). …

From J. D. Hooker   20 August 1881

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Is making final preparations for his address [at York BAAS meeting] and questions CD on specific points.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Aug 1881
Classmark:  DAR 104: 162–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13291

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13 to 29 August [1881], he recorded the effects of dripping water on leaves of Mimosa pudica and Desmodium at different times of day (DAR 67: 102–4); the symbols denote hours and minutes. ‘ Mimosa pudica … Aug 21 st 10° 30 a. m—new leaf started’; ‘Desmodium. Aug 21. 11

To Fritz Müller   23 February 1881

Summary

CD interested by FM’s facts on movement of plants; has sent some to Nature ["Movement of leaves", Collected papers 2: 228–9]. Greatly admires FM’s work. Suggests an experiment to investigate movement in Phyllanthus.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  23 Feb 1881
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 49)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13064

Matches: 1 hit

  • 13 and 15). Caprification is the process of hanging clusters of wild fig (caprifig) flowers in edible fig trees in order to facilitate the transfer of pollen by fig wasps. CD’s letter to Hermann Crüger of 18 March 1863 has not been found, but see Correspondence vol. 11, …

From Emma Darwin to G. H. Darwin   [14 October 1881]

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Arrangements for the disposal of the contents of Erasmus Alvey Darwin’s house at 6 Queen Anne Street, London.

The text on EAD’s gravestone.

Author:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Addressee:  George Howard Darwin
Date:  [14 Oct 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.3: 24
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13400F

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11 s. 3 d. to ‘Taylors removing Furniture’ on 18 November 1881; the firm has not been further identified. No earlier correspondence about the inscription for Erasmus Alvey’s gravestone has been found, but see the letter from G. H. Darwin, 15 October 1881 . The Darwins visited Cambridge from 20 to 27 October 1881 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). The Irish politician Charles Stewart Parnell had been arrested on 13

To Fritz Müller   20 March 1881

Summary

FM’s view on meaning of two-coloured stamens in many flowers; CD has been looking through his old notes on dimorphism for supporting evidence. Intends to send extract of FM’s letter to Nature or to Linnean Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  20 Mar 1881
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 50)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13091

Matches: 1 hit

  • 11, letter to Hermann Crüger, 25 January [1863] , and letter from Hermann Crüger, 23 April 1863 . Crüger noted that in all cases he observed the bee came only for pollen. CD began writing Earthworms in the autumn of 1880 (see Correspondence vol. 28 (Appendix II)). CD made new observations on Monochaetum ensiferum and Centradenia floribunda in April 1881 (DAR 205.8: 21, 43) and on Clarkia elegans between July 1881 and March 1882 (DAR 67: 82–3, 112–13). …