From Herbert Spencer 7 July 1875
Summary
Thanks CD for his new volume [Insectivorous plants].
| Author: | Herbert Spencer |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 7 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 177: 234 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10049 |
From J. J. Weir 7 July 1875
Summary
Yellow and purple flowers occur on plant grafted with Cytisus purpureus, but only on separate racemes. Only yellow blooms seed.
| Author: | John Jenner Weir |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 7 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 181: 86 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10050 |
To J. J. Weir 8 July [1875]
Summary
Is very interested in JJW’s report on a purple laburnum grafted onto yellow stock which then produces yellow flowers. CD requests racemes to examine.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Jenner Weir |
| Date: | 8 July [1875] |
| Classmark: | Boston Public Library (Rare Books MSS Acc. 324) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10051 |
From T. S. Baynes 8 July 1875
Summary
Asks CD to write short article on breeds and breeding for new edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Huxley has suggested natural history topics to be covered, and recommended CD.
| Author: | Thomas Spencer Baynes |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 8 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 160: 100 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10052 |
From Joseph Fayrer 8 July 1875
Summary
Thanks for copy of CD’s latest work [Insectivorous plants].
| Author: | Joseph Fayrer, 1st baronet |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 8 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 164: 113 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10053 |
From Rudolph Riemann 9 July 1875
Summary
Professional sheep-breeder interested in laws of inheritance reports his crosses between Serinus hortulanus and Dryospiza canaria. Seeks to make a new species. Crosses carried out with animals varying in their proportion of Serinus and Dryospiza parentage. Confirms Prosper Lucas’ law as given in Origin, ch. 9, with exception that strong individuals exhibit prepotency.
| Author: | Rudolf Ehrenfried (Rudolf) Riemann |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 9 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 176: 157, 157/1 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10054 |
From J. J. Weir 9 July 1875
Summary
Sends CD some of the Cytisus, which has produced yellow flowers on a purple graft.
| Author: | John Jenner Weir |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 9 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 181: 87 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10055 |
To M. J. Berkeley 10 July 1875
Summary
Enquires about fairy rings.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Miles Joseph Berkeley |
| Date: | 10 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | The National Library of Wales (NLW St Asaph Diocesan Records SA/CR/219) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10055F |
To J. J. Weir 10 July 1875
Summary
Regarding Cytisus graft with yellow flowers, CD thinks nurseryman has sold Cytisus adami to JJW’s brother in place of C. purpureus. This explains apparent "sport". [P.S. on envelope:] C. purpureus seeds freely. C. adami never does.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Jenner Weir |
| Date: | 10 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.466); DAR 148: 336 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10056 |
From G. H. Darwin to William Clowes & Sons 11 July 1875
Summary
Sends errata for Insectivorous plants 2d printing.
| Author: | George Howard Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Clowes & Sons |
| Date: | 11 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 86: B24 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10056F |
To M. T. Masters 10 July [1875]
Summary
Thanks MTM for his excellent review [of Insectivorous plants]
and for his trouble about the gooseberry.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Maxwell Tylden Masters |
| Date: | 10 July [1875] |
| Classmark: | Smithsonian Libraries and Archives (Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology MSS 405 A. Gift of the Burndy Library) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10057 |
From T. H. Farrer 11 July 1875
Summary
Asks CD’s opinion of an experiment on Drosera.
| Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 11 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 164: 79 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10058 |
To G. J. Romanes 12 July [1875]
Summary
Discusses revisions for Variation, 2d ed.
Discusses experiments involving graft-hybrids.
Alludes to Pangenesis.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | George John Romanes |
| Date: | 12 July [1875] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.471) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10059 |
To T. H. Farrer 12 July 1875
Summary
Describes difficulty of conditions for the experiment with Drosera suggested by THF.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
| Date: | 12 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/24) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10060 |
From W. T. Thiselton-Dyer 12 July 1875
Summary
WTT-D and E. R. Lankester wish to visit CD.
Has corrected some references for new edition of Variation.
| Author: | William Turner Thiselton-Dyer |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 12 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 178: 94 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10061 |
To Mr Russell 12 July 1875
Summary
Acknowledges with thanks "Mr Fitzgerald’s magnificent work" [R. D. Fitzgerald’s Australian orchids, part 1 (1875)]. [See 10069.]
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Mr Russell |
| Date: | 12 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | James Lowe Autographs (dealer) (Cat. 42) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10061A |
From M. J. Berkeley 13 July 1875
Summary
Fairy-rings grow because the fungal spawn radiates outwards then dies off at the centre as it becomes exhausted. The verdure of the grass depends upon the decay of the fungus supplying nitrogenous manure. Rings are formed mainly in upland pastures poor in nitrogenous matter. Gives examples of woodland fungi that form rings.
| Author: | Miles Joseph Berkeley |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 160: 175 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10062 |
From D. F. Nevill 13 [July 1875]
Summary
Thanks CD again for his book [Insectivorous plants];
would like an autograph to put in it.
Would be delighted if ever she could visit Down again.
| Author: | Dorothy Fanny Walpole; Dorothy Fanny Nevill |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 13 [July 1875] |
| Classmark: | DAR 172: 29 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10063 |
To J. J. Weir 14 July 1875
Summary
JJW is to think no more about mistake [regarding Cytisus graft].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Jenner Weir |
| Date: | 14 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | DAR 148: 337 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10064 |
From G. J. Romanes 14 July 1875
Summary
Describes experiments designed to produce graft-hybrid. Has achieved adhesion in great majority of experiments. Too early to tell what ultimate success will be.
| Author: | George John Romanes |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 14 July 1875 |
| Classmark: | E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 39 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10065 |
| letter | (658) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (307) |
| Cooke, R. F. | (26) |
| John Murray | (26) |
| Tait, Lawson | (26) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (23) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (329) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (20) |
| Tait, Lawson | (15) |
| Unidentified | (15) |
| Cooke, R. F. | (12) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (636) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (43) |
| Tait, Lawson | (41) |
| Cooke, R. F. | (38) |
| John Murray | (35) |
Origin is 160; Darwin's 1875 letters now online
Summary
To mark the 160th anniversary of the publication of Origin of species, the full transcripts and footnotes of nearly 650 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1875 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1875…
Matches: 11 hits
- … of nearly 650 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1875 are published online for the first …
- … it behaved in similar ways to the Drosera secretion. In 1875, Klein was a very controversial …
- … I liked the man .’ Other highlights from the 1875 letters include: I am very …
- … of my books. ( Letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 June [1875] ) Darwin wrote this to his …
- … new Editions . ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 August [1875] ) Darwin also completed …
- … this possible ( Letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ) Agitation for a law …
- … made false statements ( Letter to John Lubbock, 8 April 1875 ) Relations between the …
- … always succeeds ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 13 October [1875] ) Darwin wrote …
- … help his father and brothers with scientific instruments: in 1875, he designed a hygrometer. …
- … his great works ( Letter to A. B. Buckley, 23 February 1875 ) The year was saddened …
- … in my time ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, [12 December 1875] ) In December, Darwin was …
Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings
Summary
‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…
Matches: 24 hits
- … during his periods of severe illness. Yet on 15 January 1875 , Darwin confessed to his close …
- … mouthpiece of ‘Jesuitical Rome’ ( Academy , 2 January 1875, pp. 16–17). ‘How grandly you have …
- … again & again’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 January 1875 ). Darwin had also considered …
- … learned of Klein’s testimony from Huxley on 30 October 1875 : ‘I declare to you I did not believe …
- … carried out on live animals in laboratories. In January 1875, he received details of experiments by …
- … printing an additional 250 ( letter to John Murray, 3 May 1875 ). In the event, the book …
- … in a review of the book in the Academy , 24 July 1875, by Ellen Frances Lubbock: ‘in Utricularia …
- … born (letter from E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875). Back over old ground …
- … which I had long wished to see,’ he wrote on 21 April 1875 , ‘and now that I have seen it, I am …
- … do a good deal of “hammering”,’ he wrote on 14 July 1875 . ‘I shall not let Pangenesis alone …
- … his own theory of heredity in a series of articles in 1875 and 1876, based partly on his studies of …
- … & more’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [ c . February 1875?] ). By May, having finished …
- … proofmaniac’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, 1 and 2 May [1875] ). But Francis also found …
- … on astronomy, or the Duke of Wellington on art (Max Müller 1875, pp. 305–7). The debate between Max …
- … researches (Carus trans. 1875b; the series is Carus trans. 1875–87). More controversial was the …
- … Darwin wrote: ‘An anonymous compliment | received Feb 16th 1875’. The great and the good …
- … Insectivorous plants ( letter to D. F. Nevill, 15 July [1875] ). Such visitors from the upper …
- … I can talk to anyone’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 3 May [1875] ). Finally it was arranged for the …
- … of twining plants (letters from Lawson Tait, 16 March [1875] and 27 March [1875] ). ‘As I am …
- … Nepenthes & will soon publish’, Darwin warned on 17 July 1875 . But Tait was undaunted. He …
- … Thiselton-Dyer ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 7 July 1875 ). It was Thiselton-Dyer who …
- … was appropriate for so distinguished a nominee. Already in 1875, Lankester had been elected a fellow …
- … of Lyell’s failing health from Hooker in 1874 and January 1875. On 22 February, he was notified of …
- … ‘high type’ ( letter from Woodward Emery, 17 September 1875 ). …
Darwin and vivisection
Summary
Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…
Matches: 17 hits
- … the Trichinae’ (letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ). Darwin also worried that any bill …
- … their own petition (letter to T. H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ). In the event, Darwin became …
- … within Darwin’s family. In his letter of 14 January 1875 to Huxley, Darwin mentioned the effect …
- … (letter from Emma Darwin to F. P. Cobbe, 14 January [1875] ). In the course of the public …
- … to Huxley (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 12 February 1875 ). Darwin was in London from 31 …
- … sketch for a petition (letter from T. H. Huxley, [4 April 1875] ). This was evidently passed back …
- … on 7 April (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 7 April [1875] ), and circulating it to others in …
- … were made (letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 10 April 1875 ), and another version was prepared …
- … of Lords (see letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875] ). He was still unsure whether …
- … Royal Society of London (letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 April [1875] ). The next day he wrote to …
- … else you think best’ (letter to E. H. Stanley, 15 April 1875 ). After further consultations, a …
- … are evident in Darwin’s correspondence in April and May 1875. The initial petition (DAR …
- … order of the clauses. In the revised sketch, dated 24 April 1875, the penalty for unlawful …
- … at this alteration (letter from T. H. Huxley, 19 May 1875 , letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, …
- … corrections had been made (letter to Lyon Playfair, 26 May 1875 , and letter from Lyon Playfair, …
- … ( Hansard Parliamentary Debates , 3d ser., vol. 224 (1875), col. 794). A Royal Commission was a …
- … the RSPCA. The commission met between 5 June and 15 December 1875, examining fifty-three witnesses, …
I never trusted Drosera: From E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875
Summary
Francis Neary has set his favourite letter to music (with additional vocals and bass by Deen Manning). The satirical verses were sent to Darwin by Ellen Frances Lubbock in 1875 after the publication of his book on insectivorous plants. They…
Matches: 1 hits
- … verses were sent to Darwin by Ellen Frances Lubbock in 1875 after the publication of his book on …
Animals, ethics, and the progress of science
Summary
Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…
Matches: 6 hits
- … but inconclusive (see letter from G. J. Romanes, 14 July 1875 ). Eventually Romanes, who had …
- … physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 July 1875 ). Darwin was concerned that the method be …
- … let loose from hell’ ( letter to F. B. Cobbe, [14 January 1875] ). Darwin’s involvement in …
- … position most frankly in a letter to Henrietta, 4 January [1875] . I have long thought …
- … present agitation. ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January [1875] ) Darwin worked closely …
- … death in this country. ( letter To T. H. Huxley, 14 January 1875 ) Legislation was passed …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 9 hits
- … on this subject. ( To J. V. Carus 7 February 1875 ). In fact, Darwin had planned a new set of …
- … fact seems to me all important.’ ( To Asa Gray, 30 May [1875] ). In earlier papers on plants with …
- … any material aid to plants in fertilization?’ (Meehan 1875) prompted Darwin to inform him that he …
- … to plants to intercross’ ( To Thomas Meehan, 3 October 1875 ). Hermann Müller had also read Meehan …
- … obscure this matter’ ( From Hermann Müller, 23 October 1875 ). The Italian botanists were …
- … plants that crossing was of little importance (Pedicino 1875; Comes 1875). Darwin was philosophical, …
- … Kölreuter’s papers’ ( To Hermann Müller, 26 October 1875 ). Darwin’s copy of Johann Kölreuter’s …
- … in the conditions’ ( To Ernst Haeckel, 13 November 1875 ). He added on a darker note, ‘What I …
- … papers in the same book ( To J. V. Carus, 25 December 1875 ). As Darwin continued to write …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Thomas Burgess
Summary
As well as its complement of sailors, the Beagle also carried a Royal Marine sergeant and seven marines, one of whom was Thomas Burgess. When the Beagle set sail he was twenty one, having been born in October 1810 to Israel and Hannah Burgess of Lancashire…
Matches: 1 hits
- … about him again until he opened a letter from him in March 1875 . It was written from Rainow, a …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … sketch showing his system of selection, 21 May 1875 J. G. Joyce's report of …
4.34 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 1
Summary
< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s cartoon in Punch, a ‘Suggested Illustration’ for Darwin’s forthcoming book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of the author into an ape or monkey. However,…
Matches: 4 hits
- … book on The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1875) is another playful transformation of …
- … forms. A writer in the Gardeners’ Chronicle in March 1875 remarked that Darwin had ‘invested …
- … Sambourne date of creation December 1875 computer-readable date …
- … references and bibliography Punch vol. 69 (11 December 1875), p. 242. Gardeners’ Chronicle …
Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life
Summary
1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…
Matches: 6 hits
- … vol. 23, letter from Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg, 20 September 1875 ). He began to compile an account …
- … end of the previous year. He had been incensed in December 1875 when the zoologist Edwin Ray …
- … The controversial issue had occupied Darwin for much of 1875. In January 1876, a Royal Commission …
- … to Insectivorous plants , which was published in July 1875, with a US edition published later …
- … in February 1876 (despite bearing a publication date of 1875), Darwin must have been gratified by …
- … Darwin, who had communicated the paper to the society in 1875 at Tait’s request, with the ‘awful job …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 5 hits
- … not retract his criticism in his own second edition (Dana 1875, p. 274). Descent …
- … (Correspondence vol. 23, from J. D. Hooker, 3 January [1875] ), preferring to attack Mivart in …
- … Anthropogenie in the Academy (2 January 1875; see Appendix V, pp. 644–5) . The affair …
- … wrote a polite, very formal letter to Mivart on 12 January 1875 , refusing to hold any future …
- … and a second French edition was published in January 1875 ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald , 4 February …
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …
Climbing Plants
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…
Vivisection: Darwin's testimony to the Royal Commission
Summary
Wednesday, 3rd November 1875. Mr. Charles Darwin called in and examined. 4661. (Chairman.) We are very sensible of your kindness in coming at some sacrifice to yourself to express your opinions to the Commission. We attribute it to the great…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Wednesday, 3rd November 1875. Mr. Charles Darwin called in and examined. …
Vivisection: first sketch of the bill
Summary
Strictly Confidential Mem: This print is only a first sketch. It is being now recast with a new & more simple form – but the substance of the proposed measure may be equally well seen in this draft. R.B.L. | 2 586 Darwin and vivisection …
Matches: 4 hits
- … cited for all purposes as “The Experiments on Animals Act, 1875.” SCHEDULE. …
- … under the provisions of “The Experiments on Animals Act, 1875,” empowering me to make experiments on …
- … under the provisions of the Experiments on Animals Act, 1875, that the above-named M.N. is enaged in …
- … under the provisions of the Experiments on Animals Act, 1875, accompanied by Certificate, such as is …
1.6 Ouless oil portrait
Summary
< Back to Introduction The first commissioned oil portrait of Darwin was painted by Walter William Ouless, who was given sittings at Down House in March 1875. The idea for such a portrait came from Darwin’s son William, who as far back as 1872 had…
Matches: 4 hits
- … Ouless, who was given sittings at Down House in March 1875. The idea for such a portrait came from …
- … the resulting picture was shown at the Royal Academy in May 1875, the Times reviewer noted …
- … Walter William Ouless date of creation March 1875 computer-readable date …
- … and letter from Charles Darwin to Joseph Hooker, 30 March [1875], DCP-LETT-9905. ‘The Royal Academy’ …
St George Jackson Mivart
Summary
In the second half of 1874, Darwin’s peace was disturbed by an anonymous article in the Quarterly Review suggesting that his son George was opposed to the institution of marriage and in favour of ‘unrestrained licentiousness’. Darwin suspected, correctly,…
Matches: 5 hits
- … to an end. The dispute was not resolved until early 1875, and, even then, not to Darwin’s complete …
- … from J. D. Hooker, 29 December 1874 ). By January 1875, Mivart had still not made any …
- … book Anthropogenie , in the Academy , 2 January 1875. ‘Possessed by a blind animosity against …
- … (Mivart was a Catholic convert.) On 12 January 1875 , Darwin finally wrote to Mivart, …
- … article in a letter published in the Academy , 16 January 1875, p. 66, signed, ‘The Quarterly …
Insectivorous Plants
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Plants that consume insects Darwin began his work with insectivorous plants in the mid 1860s, though his findings would not be published until 1875. In his autobiography Darwin reflected on the delay that…
