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To J. D. Hooker   10 [April 1865]

Summary

Roguery at Kew.

Who wrote reviews of Linnean Society’s Transactions, of Planchon, and of subspecies in Natural History Review [Apr 1865]?

Is rereading Origin for second French edition.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  10 [Apr 1865]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 263
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4809

From John Scott   10 April 1865

Summary

Comments on CD’s Lythrum paper [Collected papers 2: 106–31]

and on H. Crüger’s orchid paper [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 8 (1865): 127–35].

May take position at Calcutta Botanic Garden.

Regrets he cannot be elected to Linnean Society.

Pleased Asa Gray has commented on JS’s paper.

Author:  John Scott
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 177: 115
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4810

From William Duppa Crotch   10 April 1865

Summary

Supports Atlantis hypothesis.

Author:  William Duppa Crotch
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 161: 274
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4811

From J. D. Hooker   12 April [1865]

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Summary

W. J. Hooker is unwell.

Bentham wrote on Planchon ["The ancient and modern floras of Montpellier", Nat. Hist. Rev. (1865): 202–25],

T. Thomson on subspecies ["Species and subspecies", Nat. Hist. Rev. (1865): 226–42]

and Greene of York on ["The Linnean Society’s transactions", Nat. Hist. Rev. (1865): 189–202].

JDH did the leader in Gardeners’ Chronicle [(1865): 267–8, 291–2].

Delighted with CD’s calm opinion of Origin. Has same view of some of his own papers.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Apr [1865]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 17
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4812

To J. D. Hooker   13 April [1865]

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Summary

Strelitzia has arrived

but no books or bottles from G. H. K. Thwaites.

Hopes his own judgment about Origin is as good as Hooker’s about his own papers.

Strelitzia’s neat mechanism for exposing pollen.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  13 Apr [1865]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 266
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4813

To John Murray   14 April [1865]

Summary

Thanks for advertisement, and pleased Murray likes title (of Variation).

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  14 Apr [1865]
Classmark:  John Wilson (dealer) (2005, item 20910)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4813F

To J. D. Hooker   17 April [1865]

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Summary

On Lubbock’s plans.

Visited by Antoine Auguste Laugel.

Guessed right on Bentham’s "Planchon".

Much struck by Thomson’s article on nomenclature [see 4812]; importance of this subject.

Sorry best scientists read so little; few read any long papers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  17 Apr [1865]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 265
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4814

From W. B. Tegetmeier to John Murray and Robert Francis Cooke   17 April 1865

Summary

CD has asked him to supervise drawings of pigeons and fowls [for Variation]. Sends estimates for drawings and engravings by artists who do such work for the Field.

Author:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Addressee:  John Murray; Robert Francis Cooke
Date:  17 Apr 1865
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff. 136–138)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4815

From R. F. Cooke to W. B. Tegetmeier   18 April 1865

Summary

Concerning an illustration for CD’s book.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  18 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 148: 1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4815F

From J. D. Hooker   [19 April 1865]

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Summary

Pleased at CD’s opinion of Thomson’s article.

Non-reading is great fault of the best school of English scientific men.

Opposed to Lubbock’s going into Parliament.

W. J. Burchell’s collections are coming to Kew.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [19 Apr 1865]
Classmark:  DAR 102: 18–19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4816

From Herbert Spencer   22 April 1865

Summary

Wonders whether CD might contribute, if possible, an occasional letter to the Reader to help in their effort to establish the journal.

Author:  Herbert Spencer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 177: 225
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4817

From Eliza Meteyard   25 April 1865

Summary

Sends CD the first volume of her Life of Josiah Wedgwood [2 vols. (1865–6)].

Author:  Eliza Meteyard
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 171: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4819

From George Busk   28 April 1865

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Summary

Has heard from Hooker that CD is very ill and asking for suggestion of a doctor to consult. Recommends A. B. Garrod as specialist in gouty complaints.

Author:  George Busk
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 Apr 1865
Classmark:  DAR 160: 381
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4820

From L. C. or Margaret Susan Wedgwood to [Emma Darwin?]   [May 1865]

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Summary

Sends some figures on long- and short-styled primroses for "Uncle Ch".

Author:  Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison; Margaret Susan Wedgwood; Margaret Susan Vaughan Williams
Addressee:  Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin
Date:  [May 1865]
Classmark:  DAR 108: 74
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4823

From T. H. Huxley   1 May 1865

Summary

Sends Catalogue [of the collection of fossils in the Museum of Practical Geology (1865)], most of which was written in pre-Darwinian epoch [i.e., 1857].

Hears magnum opus [Variation] completely developed, though not yet born.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 May 1865
Classmark:  DAR 166: 306
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4824

To J. D. Hooker   [1 May 1865]

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Summary

Feels a little better, but sickness continues.

Wants to borrow Robert Caspary’s paper on the union of buds in Cytisus [see 5012].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [1 May 1865]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 267
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4825

From J. D. Hooker   2 May 1865

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Summary

On FitzRoy’s suicide.

The Lyell–Ramsay disagreement [on formation of lakes?].

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 May 1865
Classmark:  DAR 102: 20–1
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4826

To J. D. Hooker   4 May [1865]

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Summary

On FitzRoy’s life and character.

Carl von Siebold’s cases of males and females of gall insects [True parthenogenesis in moths and bees (1857)]. Each sex produced on different plants.

Haeckel’s astonishing case of propagation in a Medusa.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  4 May [1865]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 268a–b
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4827

To James Philip Mansel Weale   6 May [1865]

Summary

Sends advice on naturalist matters.

W. H. Harvey’s work [with Wilhelm Sonder, Flora capensis (1859–65)],

and Robert Brown’s publication ["On the organs and mode of fecundation in Orchideae and Asclepiadeae", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 16 (1833): 685–745].

Writes of having seen in S. America a Hymenopteran with tarsi covered with pollen-masses of Asclepias.

Interested in JPMW’s researches in South American caverns.

Mentions poor health.

Thanks for tracings.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Philip Mansel Weale
Date:  6 May [1865]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.308)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4828

To Friedrich Rolle    6 May [1865]

Summary

Thanks FR for copy [of first number] of Der Mensch [1866].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Friedrich Rolle
Date:  6 May [1865]
Classmark:  Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Frankfurt (SNG-Archiv: Malakol.: Nachlass Rolle)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4829
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Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 29 hits

  • … In 1865, the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of  The …
  • … However, several smaller projects came to fruition in 1865, including the publication of his long …
  • … of Hugh Falconer Darwin’s first letter to Hooker of 1865 suggests that the family had had a …
  • … the house jolly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). Darwin was ready to submit his …
  • … letter from Hugh Falconer to Erasmus Alvey Darwin, 3 January 1865 ). Erasmus forwarded his letters …
  • … laboured in vain’ ( letter to Hugh Falconer, 6 January [1865] ). Sic transit gloria …
  • … the world goes.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 2 February [1865] ). However, Hooker, at the time …
  • … are unalloyed’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 3 February 1865 ). Darwin, now ‘haunted’ by …
  • … with a vengeance’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February [1865] ). Continuing ill-health …
  • … to try anyone’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). He particularly hated being ill …
  • … of life. He wrote to Charles Lyell on 22 January [1865] , ‘unfortunately reading makes my head …
  • … it up by early July ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, [10 July 1865] ). In July, he consulted …
  • … bread & meat’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 15 August [1865] ). By October, Darwin thought he might be …
  • … to Jones’s diet ( see letter to T. H. Huxley, 4 October [1865] ). It was not until December, …
  • … hour on most days’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 December [1865] ). Delays and …
  • … last & concluding one’ ( letter to John Murray, 31 March [1865] ). In April he authorised …
  • … press in the autumn’ ( letter to John Murray, 4 April [1865] ). In early June, he wrote to Murray …
  • … when I can do anything’ ( letter to John Murray, 2 June [1865] ). It was not until 25 December …
  • … of the woodcuts ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). After sending the manuscript to the …
  • … like tartar emetic’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 January [1865] ). An abstract of the paper …
  • … for it is your child’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 19 April 1865 ; Darwin noted at the beginning of …
  • … the Linnean Society ( letter to [Richard Kippist], 4 June [1865] ). The paper was published in a …
  • … German, he had it translated, and wrote to Müller in August 1865 that he had just finished hearing …
  • … letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] ; since it is impossible to …
  • … clearly understand (l etter to Daniel Oliver, 20 October [1865] ). Darwin was particularly …
  • … scientific work’ ( letter to Fritz Müller, 20 September [1865] ), he clearly read Müller’s letters …
  • … from sea-sickness ( letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 ). This may have been unwise: Thomas …
  • … & ability’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [10 March 1865] ). Scott took these criticisms, no …
  • … again when he had time ( letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 ); at the time of writing, he had …

Darwin's notes for his physician, 1865

Summary

On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London publisher who had studied medicine in London and Paris in the early 1840s, visited Down to consult with Darwin about his ill health. In 1863 Chapman started to treat…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London …
  • … Darwin wrote that he fell ill again on 22 April 1865 and was unable to ‘do anything.’  Emma Darwin’s …
  • … hand). Darwin began the ice treatment on 20 May 1865. In his letter to Chapman of 7 June 1865
  • … from Charles and Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker, [10 July 1865]). Darwin’s condition had been …
  • … and George Busk (see letter to J. D. Hooker, [7 January 1865], and letter from George Busk, 28 April …

Prize possessions: To Henry Denny, 17 January [1865]

Summary

Between 1980 and 2018, I was honorary curator of the Alfred Denny Museum of Zoology in the University of Sheffield. One of our prize possessions was a letter from Darwin to Henry Denny, then curator and assistant secretary of the Literary and Philosophical…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … in the early 1900s. In his letter, 17 January 1865 , Darwin asked Denny about the …
  • … was in fact two letters. The second one dated 28 January 1865 . After joining the Advisory …
  • … intervening letter from Denny to Darwin, dated 23 January 1865 . While not of huge …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 22 hits

  • … In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in …
  • … basis of Lubbock’s book, Prehistoric times (Lubbock 1865).  By 1860, Lyell had begun work …
  • … material available pertaining to the antiquity of humans. In 1865, he wrote that the section on …
  • … not pursue any grievance against Lyell until the spring of 1865. 13  In the course of …
  • … C. Lyell 1863c and Lubbock 1861 (and consequently in Lubbock 1865), combined with the wording of …
  • … between the end of February and the beginning of March 1865, Lubbock wrote the note which would …
  • … received a copy of Lubbock’s book, published in mid-May 1865, he immediately wrote to express his …
  • … Ramsay in a note to an article published in the April 1865 issue of the Philosophical Magazine . …
  • … thought of the affair ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [2 June 1865] ). Hooker, for his part, could see …
  • … for Lubbock’s book ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [4 June 1865] ). A week later he sent Lubbock a …
  • … the note in the preface (letter to John Lubbock, 11 June [1865] ). No correspondence with Lyell …
  • … him for an opinion ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 13 July 1865 ), Darwin wrote back ( letter to J. D …
  • … and Lubbock had no direct communication after the end of May 1865, each appealing to friends to …
  • … Thus, in print-runs after the end of June 1865, Lubbock had cancelled his note at the end of the …
  • … of both interested parties. Only one known review of Lubbock 1865 draws attention to Lubbock’s note; …
  • … situation was succinct. In his letter to Hooker of [4 June 1865] he warned that no one could do …
  • … (C. Lyell 1863c; see letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 June 1865] and n. 13). The third edition had …
  • … vii–ix (revised version of last section, printed in August 1865, but dated 1863 on the title page) …
  • … of the ‘ Elements of geology ’ 34 [C. Lyell 1865], and the printed proofs were transferred …
  • … (see enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 June 1865] ). Later, Lubbock claimed that he had …
  • … the note which appeared at the end of the preface to Lubbock 1865. He told Hooker, ‘I did not trust …
  • … ours’ (letter from John Lubbock to J. D. Hooker, 23 June 1865, in Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, …

How to manage it: To J. D. Hooker, [17 June 1865]

Summary

Sometimes, what stands out in a Darwin letter is not what is in it, but what is left out or just implied because the recipient would have known what Darwin was referring to. It is frustrating to spend hours looking but fail to identify something mentioned…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … found in a relatively short letter written by Darwin in June 1865 to his close friend Joseph …
  • … this letter was a reply ( From J. D. Hooker, [15 June 1865] ), but there was no mention of any …
  • … Indian mutiny. At least three novels had been written around 1865. Suddenly, ‘How to’ made sense:  …
  • … a favourable review in the  Athenæum  in January 1865. It had all the criteria for a novel Darwin …

Inheritance

Summary

It was crucial to Darwin’s theories of species change that naturally occurring variations could be inherited.  But at the time when he wrote Origin, he had no explanation for how inheritance worked – it was just obvious that it did.  Darwin’s attempt to…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … example of in that way. ( T. H. Huxley, 16 July 1865 ). 'Your last note& …
  • … make widely opposite remarks.' ( to T. H. Huxley, [17 July 1865] ). He was forced to confess …

Darwin's health

Summary

On 28 March 1849, ten years before Origin was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, where Dr James Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … regular attacks had occurred again in the last week of April 1865, and the third week of May, just …
  • … threw up food.  In his letter to Chapman of 16 May [1865] , Darwin stated that his sickness was …
  • … Darwin’s diary (DAR 242) on several occasions in 1864 and 1865. ‘Bad hysteria & sickness’ were …
  • … difficulties reading, see letters to J. D. Hooker, 1 June [1865] and 27 [or 28 September 1865] …

George Busk

Summary

After the Beagle voyage, Darwin’s collection of bryozoans disappears from the records until the material was sent, in 1852, for study by George Busk, one of the foremost workers on the group of his day. In 1863, on the way down to Malvern Wells, Darwin had…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … and Lady Lyell ( letter from J. D. Hooker [2 June 1865] ).    …

3.10 Ernest Edwards, 'Men of Eminence'

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1865 Darwin was invited to feature in another series of published photographs, Portraits of Men of Eminence in Literature, Science and Art, with Biographical Memoirs . . . The Photographs from Life by Ernest Edwards, B.A.…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … < Back to Introduction In 1865 Darwin was invited to feature in another series of …
  • … had been launched by Lovell Augustus Reeve in 1863, but by 1865 Edward Walford had taken over as …
  • … Darwin wrote to Walford, probably in the spring of 1865, to say, ‘I should of course be proud to be …
  • … more than one sitting seems to have taken place, in November 1865 and April 1866. Darwin’s account …
  • … true Philosopher’. The beard that Darwin had grown by 1865–1866 helped to enhance this …
  • … public image – wrote to Emma, apparently in late November 1865, to say that he was waiting for a …
  • … which derived from the three-quarter view photograph of 1865–1866 mentioned above (see separate …
  • … of image Ernest Edwards 
 date of creation 1865–1866 
 computer-readable date …
  • … Letter from Darwin to Edward Walford, 22 [Jan. – April 1865?], (DCP-LETT-5508).  Letter from Erasmus …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Darwin to Hooker (on hearing of Robert FitzRoy’s suicide), 1865. As you are now so …

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 4370 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [April - May 1865] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, …
  • … Letter 4794 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [25 March 1865] Darwin asks Charles Lyell for …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … [1862] Letter from F. W. Farrar, 6 November 1865 Letter to J. P. M. Weale, 27 …
  • … the making of the colonial order in the Eastern Cape, 1770–1865 . Cambridge: Cambridge University …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 4752 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, 22 Jan [1865] Darwin writes to King's …
  • … Letter 4939 — Shaw, James to Darwin, C. R., 20 Nov 1865 Scottish school teacher and writer …
  • … Letter 4943 — Darwin, C. R. to Shaw, James, 30 Nov 1865 Darwin writes to James Shaw. He is …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 4823  - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, H. E., [May 1865] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, …
  • … Letter 4928  - Henslow, G. to Darwin, [11 November 1865] J. S. Henslow’s son, George, …

Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute

Summary

Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … started in January 1860, and advertised in the press since 1865 with the unwieldy title, …
  • … apparently discussing it or showing it to anyone until 1865, when he sent a version of it to Huxley, …
  • … a book based on a series of articles that had appeared in 1865. In it he challenged aspects of …
  • …  vol. 13, letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February [1865] and n. 4). Darwin’s wife and children also …

3.5 William Darwin, photo 2

Summary

< Back to Introduction Darwin’s son William, who had become a banker in Southampton, took the opportunity of a short visit home to Down House in April 1864 to photograph his father afresh. This half-length portrait was the first to show Darwin with a…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … (DCP-LETT-4707); Naudin’s gushing acknowledgement, 18 June 1865 (DCP-LETT-4863). Letter from …

Science: A Man’s World?

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Letter 4940 - Cresy, E. to Darwin, E., [20 November 1865] Edward Cresy Jnr. seeks Darwin …

The evolution of honeycomb

Summary

Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … precise measurement was bought to bear, a myth. In 1865, Darwin received a letter from Edward …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Letter 4933 : Farrar, F. W. to Darwin, 6 November 1865 "so far as I can see, History, …
  • … Darwinonline ] John Lubbock, Pre-Historic Times (1865) [ available at archive.org ] …
  • … ] T. H. Huxley, "Methods and Results of Ethnology" (1865) [ available at archive …
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