To J. D. Hooker 2 June [1857]
Summary
Qualifications of John Lindley, Huxley, Albany Hancock, Joseph Prestwich, J. C. Ross, and Francis Beaufort for Royal Medal.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 2 June [1857] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 199 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2099 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … CD had supported his nomination (see letter to Edward Sabine, 23 April [1856] ). …
- … for the Royal Medal’ ( letter to Edward Sabine, 23 April [1856] ). See letter to William …
- … selected that year (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 April [1856] ). The previous year, CD …
- … letter to William Sharpey 2 June [1857] . John Richardson had received one of the Royal Medals in 1856. …
To J. D. Hooker 30 July [1856]
Summary
CD’s predicament with continental extensions: they would remove argument for multiple creations, yet he opposes the doctrine. Lyell will not express an opinion on this.
Lyell fears mutability would lead to more specific names.
Encloses copy of letters to Lyell [1910 and 1917].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 30 July [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 172, 165, and 167 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1933 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … to leave for a holiday in Switzerland (see letter from Asa Gray, [early August 1856] ). …
- … Lyell’s letters to CD (letters from Charles Lyell , 17 June 1856 and [1 July 1856] ) and …
- … and 5 July [1856]. The copies are now bound in DAR 114.3 following letters 165 and 167, …
- … were of identical species. See letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 July [1856] . The Hookers were …
- … 6. A reference to a letter from Charles Lyell to J. D. Hooker, dated 25 July 1856 (K. M. …
To J. D. Hooker 17–18 [June 1856]
Summary
Comments on Huxley–Falconer dispute [see "On the method of palaeontology", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 (1856): 43–54].
Wollaston’s On the variation of species [1856].
Has exploded to Lyell against the extension of continents.
Plants common to Europe and NW. America as result of temperate climate.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 17–18 [June 1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 170 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1904 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … is worth your reading. Letter from Charles Lyell, 17 June 1856 . The Philosophical Club of …
- … the variability and fixity of plant species. See letter to Charles Lyell, 16 [June 1856] . …
- … to the argument, see letter to J. D. Hooker, 21 [May 1856] . CD’s copy of Falconer 1856 …
- … by an unidentified hand. Wollaston 1856 . This remark is not in an extant letter; but …
- … see letter to T. V. Wollaston, 6 June [1856] . CD refers to the introductory essay of …
- … In a letter to T. H. Huxley dated ‘June? 1856’ in L. Huxley ed. 1918, 1: 427, Hooker …
To J. D. Hooker 15 November [1856]
Summary
CD finds JDH’s objections to a mundane cold period significant, and he endeavours to show how they do not rule out mutability.
He is writing on crossing.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 15 Nov [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 182 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1989 |
From J. D. Hooker 4 August 1856
Summary
JDH’s arguments against transmutation: 1. Plants do not show the confusion he would expect; 2. Under clearly similar physical conditions we do not find same species.
JDH’s argument against migration: commonality of alpine species. Believes migration opposes facts of botanical distribution in Van Diemen’s Land and New Zealand; prefers continental extension theory.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 4 Aug 1856 |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 100–4 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1937 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … Aug 4 th . 1856 Dear Darwin Thanks for Lyells letters which are very tough reading— I …
- … in 1860 ( J. D. Hooker 1855 [–60]). See letter from Charles Lyell, 17 June 1856 . …
- … See letter to Charles Lyell, 5 July [1856] . An allusion to the transmutationist views …
- … See letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 July [1856] . Godwin-Austen 1856 was read at a meeting of …
- … Chambers] 1844 ). See letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 July [1856] . In a lecture delivered at …
From J. D. Hooker 7 November 1862
Summary
JDH admits he wrote Gardeners’ Chronicle and Natural History Review articles on orchids [Gard. Chron. (1862): 789–90, 863, 910; Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 371–6].
JDH’s objections to CD’s idea of how Greenland was repopulated. Temperate Greenland has as Arctic a flora as Arctic Greenland – a fact of astounding force. Why should certain Scandinavian species be absent? Migration by sea-currents can no more account for the present distribution in Greenland than can special creation.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 7 Nov 1862 |
| Classmark: | DAR 101: 68–9, 73–4 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3797 |
To J. D. Hooker 14 [November 1857]
Summary
Rule that species vary most in larger genera seems universal.
Response to Gardeners’ Chronicle note on "Bees and kidney beans" [Collected papers 1: 275–7].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 14 [Nov 1857] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 215 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2170 |
From J. D. Hooker [early December 1856]
Summary
Podostemaceae flowering under water.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [early Dec 1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 149 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1966 |
From J. D. Hooker [16 November 1856]
Summary
JDH not happy with CD’s explanation of the absence of north temperate forms in the Southern Hemisphere, given his explanation for the spread of sub-arctic forms to the south. [CD’s note is in response to JDH’s criticism.]
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [16 Nov 1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 162–3 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1622 |
To J. D. Hooker 22 June [1856]
Summary
CD sends reference for "Laburnum case", with comment on his own credulity.
Wants to quote JDH on plants endemic to NW. America.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 22 June [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 165 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1908 |
To J. D. Hooker 9 October [1856]
Summary
CD coming to London.
Read JDH’s review [Hooker’s Kew J. Bot. 8 (1856): 54–64 et seq.] of Alphonse de Candolle’s Géographie botanique raisonnée [1855] long ago.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 9 Oct [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 180 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1971 |
To J. D. Hooker [16 October 1856]
Summary
Note accompanying MS of part of chapter 11 ["Geographical distribution"] of Natural selection [1975].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | [16 Oct 1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 50: E9 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1965 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … 13 October 1856 (‘Journal’; Appendix II) and was read by Hooker by 9 November (see letter …
- … distribution for his book on species (see letters to J. D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] and …
- … meet Hooker (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 September [1856] ). Although it is possible …
- … 28 September [1856] ). The fair copy is now in DAR 14. The date of the letter is that of …
To J. D. Hooker 28 September [1856]
Summary
Will send MS on one point of geographical distribution. It is "of infinite importance" that JDH see it, for CD has never felt such difficulty in deciding what to do.
Wants capsules of aquatic plants, to float in sea-water.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 28 Sept [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 177 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1963 |
To J. D. Hooker 6 August 1881
Summary
Responds to JDH’s outline history of plant geography.
Considers Humboldt the "greatest scientific traveller who ever lived".
Discusses the origin and rapid radiation of angiosperms in Cretaceous period.
Comments on importance of work of Alphonse de Candolle, Saporta, Axel Blytt.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 6 Aug 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 95: 518–23 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13277 |
To J. D. Hooker 23 November [1856]
Summary
CD, attempting to clarify debate, states more of his position. External conditions cause "mere variability". Formation of species due to selection. Relation of an organism to its associates far more important than external conditions.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 23 Nov [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 184 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1997 |
From J. D. Hooker 6 April 1864
Summary
J. H. Balfour gives Scott excellent character reference, but says he is unfit either to superintend or be subordinate.
Herbert Spencer’s review of J. M. Schleiden is interesting [see 4457].
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 6 Apr 1864 |
| Classmark: | DAR 101: 204–5; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Directors’ Correspondence English letters Balfour 1866–1900 vol. 78: 311) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4452 |
From J. D. Hooker 9 November 1856
Summary
JDH approves MS section on geographical distribution.
Never felt so shaky about species before.
His objections to some mechanisms of distribution that CD proposes.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 9 Nov 1856 |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 105–10 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1983 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … had been received by CD by 15 November 1856 (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 November [ …
- … comments in October (see letter to J. D. Hooker, [16 October 1856] ). The manuscript is …
- … letter. Martins 1849 , in which Charles Frédéric Martins claimed that the number of European plants decreased on northern islands as the distance from Europe increased. See Natural selection , p. 541. CD visited London on 13 November 1856 …
To J. D. Hooker 8 [July 1856]
Summary
CD writing species sketch; must cite cases favouring multiple creations.
Requests details on species JDH listed as common to Chile and New Zealand. Notes their genera are mundane.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 8 [July 1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 168 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1921 |
To J. D. Hooker 8 September [1856]
Summary
Whether or not there should be movement of particles according to Tyndall’s theory of glacial action ["Observations on glaciers", Not. Proc. R. Inst. G. B. 2: 54–8, 441–3].
CD subscribes to H. C. Sorby’s view of gneiss [Edinburgh New Philos. J. 55 (1853): 137–50].
Seed-salting.
Pigeons.
Significant differences in skeletons of domesticated rabbits.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 8 Sept [1856] |
| Classmark: | DAR 114: 176 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1950 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … and Creasey 1945, p. 64). Tyndall 1856 . See letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 August [1856] . …
- … in Waterhouse 1846–8 . See letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] . George Bentham . CD …
- … given in Hornschuch 1848 , pp. 25–7. See letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] , n. 2. …
- … letter: ‘Only that one time produced red &c flowers impossible that it was a graft The same thing observed in Hungary & Bohemia in many gardens also at Schoenberg’. Emma Darwin was in her sixth month of pregnancy. Her last child, Charles Waring Darwin , was born on 6 December 1856. …
From J. D. Hooker 18 March 1858
Summary
Continued objections to methods and conclusions of CD’s survey.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 18 Mar 1858 |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 115e–f |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2243 |
| letter | (137) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (95) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (40) |
| Darwin, Emma | (1) |
| Lyell, Charles | (1) |
| Wedgwood, Emma | (1) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (97) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (40) |
| Hooker, J. D. | |
| Darwin, C. R. | (135) |
| Darwin, Emma | (1) |
| Lyell, Charles | (1) |
| Wedgwood, Emma | (1) |
Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'
Summary
In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…
Matches: 1 hits
- … On 14 May 1856, Charles Darwin recorded in his journal that he ‘Began by Lyell’s advice writing …
Darwin and Fatherhood
Summary
Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten …
Dramatisation script
Summary
Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007
Matches: 1 hits
- … Re: Design – performance version – 25 March 2007 – 1 Re: Design – Adaptation of the …
Origin
Summary
Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to …
Six things Darwin never said – and one he did
Summary
Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly attributed to Darwin that never flowed from his pen.
Matches: 1 hits
- … Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly …
Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species
Summary
Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants …
Descent
Summary
There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…
Matches: 1 hits
- … ‘ Our ancestor was an animal which breathed water, had a swim-bladder, a great swimming …
Species and varieties
Summary
On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…
Matches: 1 hits
- … On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 1 hits
- … In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 1 hits
- … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and …
Before Origin: the ‘big book’
Summary
Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his …
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Friendship | Mentors | Class | Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific …
Thomas Henry Huxley
Summary
Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a …
Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 1 hits
- … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of …
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 1 hits
- … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . . What little more I …
4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy
Summary
< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…
Matches: 1 hits
- … < Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The origin of language was investigated in a wide range of disciplines in the nineteenth century. …
Hermann Müller
Summary
Hermann (Heinrich Ludwig Hermann) Müller, was born in Mühlberg near Erfurt in 1829. He was the younger brother of Fritz Müller (1822–97). Following the completion of his secondary education at Erfurt in 1848, he studied natural sciences at Halle and Berlin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Hermann (Heinrich Ludwig Hermann) Müller, was born in Mühlberg near Erfurt in 1829. He was the …
Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin
Summary
The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet …
