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To Ernst Haeckel   3 August [1869]

Summary

Suggests Englishmen who might provide sponge specimens.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Date:  3 Aug [1869]
Classmark:  Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A-Abt. 1: 1–52/22)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6850

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Norman, 29 July [1869] , and letter from A.  M.  Norman, 2 August 1869  and …
  • … Hancock, 17 July [1869] , and letter from Albany …
  • … Huxley, 9 July [1869] , and the letter from T.  H.   …
  • … between this letter and the letter from Ernst Haeckel, 2 July 1869 . Letter from Ernst …
  • … Huxley, 16 July 1869 . See letter to Albany …
  • … CD refers to James Scott Bowerbank . See also letter from A.  M.  Norman, 2 August 1869 . …
  • … Haeckel, 2 July 1869 . CD refers to Thomas Henry Huxley , the letter to T.  H.   …
  • … Hancock, 25 July 1869  and n.  3. See letter to A.  M.   …

To George Maw   27 April [1869]

Summary

Thanks GM for specimens of Drosophyllum; by a strange coincidence CD has also received plants from a correspondent in Oporto [W. C. Tait].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Maw
Date:  27 Apr [1869]
Classmark:  Royal Horticultural Society, Lindley Library (MAW/1/16)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6714

Matches: 5 hits

  • … from W.  C.  Tait, 26 January 1869 , letter to W.  C.   …
  • … Tait, 2 February [1869] , and letter from W.  C.   …
  • … by the relationship between this letter and the letter from George Maw, 18 April 1869 . …
  • … See letter from George Maw, 18 April 1869 . CD refers to William Chester Tait ; see letter …
  • … Tait, 2 March 1869 . See also letter to George Maw, 13 January 1868 . Joseph Dalton Hooker …

From T. H. Huxley   17 March 1869

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Summary

Last letter was written to be passed on for Lushington’s edification. "(Standing on the points of my toes and my tail very stiff)." Is tiring of controversy as a waste of time. Begins to understand CD’s sufferings over Origin.

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Mar 1869
Classmark:  DAR 166: 318
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6665

Matches: 3 hits

  • … simply passing on Huxley’s letter of 11 March 1869 (see letter to Vernon …
  • … Lushington, [12 March 1869] , and letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 12 March [1869] ). Origin. …
  • … from T.  H.  Huxley, 11 March 1869 . CD wrote his own letter to Lushington rather than …

To J. D. Hooker   7 August [1869]

Summary

Replies to JDH on Hallett; doubts that already improved varieties do not vary in other respects.

The North British Review article [see 6841] is worth reading "scientifically"; it made CD feel small.

Awaits JDH’s decision on affinities of Drosophyllum and Drosera.

Is curious to see proportion of males to females in recent census in India.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  7 Aug [1869]
Classmark:  DAR 94: 144–8
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6855

Matches: 17 hits

  • … the missing part of the letter from Fritz Müller, 15 June 1869 (see letter from J.  D.   …
  • … Hooker, 13 August 1869 , and letter to Fritz Müller, 8 September [1869] ). CD refers to …
  • … Hooker, 5 August 1869 ; see also letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 July [1869] and n.  7. Tait …
  • … 1. Müller had sent seed of a monstrous begonia with his letter of 14 March 1869  or later; …
  • … s anonymous article in the North British Review ( [Tait] 1869 ). See letter from J.  D.   …
  • … see also letter to George Bentham, 10 May [1869] and nn.  5 and 7. In a paper published in …
  • … 2. See also letter to the Athenæum , 7 [July] 1869. CD quoted a sentence on polygamy in …
  • … in Descent 1: 267. See letter to Walter Elliot, 3 August [1869] and n.  3. A report on the …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 5 August 1869 and n.  2. See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 5 August  …
  • … birth to twins; see letter from Ponderer to the Athenæum , [before 5 June 1869] and n.   …
  • … of this letter and the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 5 August 1869 . CD refers to Frederic …
  • … D.  Hooker, 5 August 1869  and n.  9. Letter from J.  D.   …
  • … 1 June [1865] and n.  3). See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 5 August 1869  and n.  10. CD …
  • … and Emma Darwin . See letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 24 July [1869] and n.  13. CD evidently …
  • … and [McLennan] 1869 ( Wellesley index ). CD refers to Edward Sabine . See letter from J.   …
  • 1869 . ‘Splenditious’ is an invented Darwin family word (see Correspondence vol.  13, letter
  • … The Times , 22 June 1869, p.  5). See also Correspondence vol.  16, letter from J.  D.   …

From Fritz Müller   16 February 1870

Summary

Sends specimens of Passiflora and seeds for T. H. Farrer [letter enclosed with 7188].

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Feb 1870
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7108

Matches: 3 hits

  • … vol.  17, letter to T.  H.  Farrer, [27 November 1869] , letter from T.  H.   …
  • … Farrer, 28 November 1869 , and letter to Fritz …
  • … Müller, 1 December [1869] ). CD sent this portion of Müller’s letter and the seeds to …

To J. D. Hooker   24 November [1869]

Summary

Sends title of Kerner’s book [see 6997] and comments that AK does not give the one parent form of the genus.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  24 Nov [1869]
Classmark:  DAR 94: 162–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7006

Matches: 8 hits

  • … comments on Kerner von Marilaun 1869, see the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 19 November [ …
  • … Lyell with his letter of 21 November 1869 . The letter has not been found. …
  • … s comment on Kerner von Marilaun’s plant genealogy, see his letter of 21 November 1869 . …
  • … than on the envelope; in his letter of 21 November 1869 , Hooker had written: ‘Pray do not …
  • … See letter from George Bentham, 23 November 1869 . …
  • … Hooker’s most recent extant letter is that of 21 November 1869. CD may be referring to …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 21 November 1869 . Hooker had enclosed a letter from Mary Elizabeth …
  • … more on Hooker’s newly acquired CB, see the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869 . …

To Albert Günther   27 September [1869]

Summary

Thanks AG for full answers to queries.

Delighted Mr Ford will undertake drawings [for Descent]; comments on some illustrations he would like.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf (Albert) Günther
Date:  27 Sept [1869]
Classmark:  Shrewsbury School, Taylor Library
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6913

Matches: 6 hits

  • … letter to Albert Günther, 21 September 1869 , and letter from Albert Günther, [ …
  • … specimens in DAR 84.1: 170. See letter from Albert Günther, 23 September 1869  and n.  7. …
  • … relationship between this letter and the letter to Albert Günther, 21 September 1869 . See …
  • … before 27 September 1869] . See letter from Albert Günther, [before 27 September 1869] and …
  • … n.  5. George Henry Ford . See letter from Albert Günther, 23 September 1869 . …
  • … See letter from Albert Günther, 23 September 1869  and nn.  3 and 4. Illustrations of a …

To Edward Blyth   14 September [1869]

Summary

Thanks EB for his attempts to find out about the mandrills;

sorry to hear that he has been so badly treated by the manager of Land and Water.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edward Blyth
Date:  14 Sept [1869]
Classmark:  McGill University Library, Department of Rare Books
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6891

Matches: 5 hits

  • … N.  Hegt, [23 April 1869] , and letter to Max Schmidt, [29 April 1869] . CD cited William …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from Edward Blyth, 13 September 1869 . …
  • … See letter from Edward Blyth, 13 September 1869 . See letter from J.   …
  • … in Descent 1: 267. See letters from Walter Elliot , 7 August 1869  and 7 September 1869 . …
  • … to Land and Water ; see letter from Edward Blyth, 13 September 1869 . Blyth had started …

To Fritz Müller   1 December [1869]

Summary

Role of humming-birds in plant fertilisation.

Alexander Agassiz has visited Down.

Sales of Facts and arguments for Darwin.

Encloses copy of T. H. Farrer letter [7015] and observations on the self-sterility of Eschscholzia.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  1 Dec [1869]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 31)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7018

Matches: 10 hits

  • … a copy of the extract from Müller’s letter of 18 October 1869  with his letter to T.  H.   …
  • … letter from Fritz Müller, 12 January 1869 , and letter to Fritz Müller, 18 July [1869] and …
  • … Müller evidently enclosed seeds with his letter of 18 October 1869  to replace those that …
  • … the relationship between this letter and the letter from Fritz Müller, 18 October 1869 . …
  • … been damaged earlier (see letter to Fritz Müller, 18 July [1869] and n.  5). For Thomas …
  • … pp.  150–1. See also letter from Louis Agassiz, 6 July 1869 . On the health problems of …
  • … of F.  Müller 1864a (Dallas trans.  1869). See letter from John Murray, 17 November 1869 . …
  • … Farrer, 28 November 1869 . Both the enclosures to the letter to Müller are copies made by …
  • … Farrer, [27 November 1869] . For Farrer’s original reply, see the letter from T.  H.   …
  • … Wallace 1869a ). See letter from A.  B.  Meyer, 16 November 1869 . The enclosure, written …

To T. H. Huxley   9 July [1869]

Summary

Haeckel wants British specimens of calcareous sponges. Can THH tell him to whom he can apply?

Health not improving – cannot climb even a hill.

Has heard THH’s article on Comte ["Scientific aspects of Positivism", Lay sermons (1870)] is a splendid success.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  9 July [1869]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 271)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6823

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 12 March [1869] , and letter from T.  H.  Huxley, 11 March 1869 . …
  • … between this letter and the letter from Ernst Haeckel, 2 July 1869 . Henrietta Anne …
  • … Huxley . See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 2 July 1869 . CD refers to ‘The scientific aspects …
  • … article ( T.  H.  Huxley 1869a ). See letters to T.  H.  Huxley, 10 March 1869  and …

To Eliza Meteyard   [18 February 1869]

Summary

CD signed the petition, had Sir Charles Lyell do so also, and then forwarded the memorial to Sir John Lubbock.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Eliza Meteyard
Date:  [18 Feb 1869]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6618

Matches: 3 hits

  • … before 13 February 1869] , and letter from John Lubbock, 13 February [1869] . …
  • … relationship between this letter and the letter from Eliza Meteyard, 19 February 1869 . …
  • … The Thursday before 19 February 1869 was 18 February. See letter to John Lubbock, [ …

To James Crichton-Browne   8 June 1869

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Summary

Thanks for information about expression.

Comments on JC-B’s photographs of insane people.

Sends copy of Duchenne [see 6755].

Asks for further information about platysma, his bête noire for a year or two.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Crichton-Browne
Date:  8 June 1869
Classmark:  DAR 143: 328
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6779

Matches: 7 hits

  • … letter from Henry Maudsley, 20 May 1869 , and letter from James Crichton-Browne, 1 June  …
  • … 1862 (see letter to James Crichton-Browne, 22 May 1869 , and letter from James Crichton- …
  • … Asa and J.  L.  Gray, 8 and 9 May 1869). See letter from James Crichton-Browne, 1 June  …
  • … n.  1, above. See letter from James Crichton-Browne, 1 June 1869 . The observer was Jane …
  • … Browne, 1 June 1869 ). No letter from Thomas Henry Huxley on this subject has been found. …
  • … is referred to. See letter from James Crichton-Browne, 1 June 1869 . CD was in London from …
  • 1869 Dear Sir I am grateful for the extremely kind manner in which you offer me further assistance, and for the very valuable aid already given. And this is all the more kind, as I am well aware how much your time must be occupied with your arduous duties. The information about the hair standing on end is now quite ample. I am also glad to hear that you have seen the “grief muscles” in action, for these cannot often be observed. But I may add that I have just had a letter

From G. H. Darwin   14 February 1869

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Summary

Explains the point about gravitation and heat that CD does not understand in J. Croll’s letter [6218?].

Cambridge news.

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Feb 1869
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6614

Matches: 7 hits

  • … left for Paris on 5 March 1869 (see letter from G.  H.   …
  • … Croll, 4  February 1869 , and letter to G.  H.  Darwin, 6 February [1869] and n.  2. …
  • … See also letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] and n.  2. George refers to Augustus …
  • … Darwin, [23 February 1869] and n.  7). See letter from James …
  • … Fox Bristowe . See letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 6 February 1869 . George refers to John …
  • … to Alfred Douglas Hamilton . See letter from G.  H.  Darwin, 6 February 1869 . George …
  • letters from James Croll , [2 December 1868] ( Correspondence vol.  16) and 4 February 1869. …

To J. D. Hooker   19 November [1869]

Summary

Glad to know about C.B.

Thinks better of Nature than JDH does.

Likes Academy.

Is reading Anton Kerner on Tubocytisus [in Die Abhängigkeit der Pflanzen von Klima und Boden (1869)].

The genealogical tree reveals the very steps of the formation of the species.

Mlle Royer has brought out a third edition of her translation of the Origin without informing CD, so corrections to fourth and fifth English editions are lost. Has arranged for a new translator of the fifth English edition.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  19 Nov [1869]
Classmark:  DAR 94: 159–61
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6997

Matches: 11 hits

  • … Reinwald of Paris on 10 November 1869; the letter has not been found. Reinwald agreed to …
  • … of 14 November 1869 . CD refers to William Henslow Hooker ; see letter from J.  D.   …
  • … Moulinié trans.  1873) in his letter of 13 November 1869 . Hooker had mentioned Charles …
  • … from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869 . See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869 . …
  • … of Origin , see the letter to John Murray, 8 November [1869] and n.  5. For CD’s work on …
  • … to the editions, see the letter to John Murray, 8 November [1869] and n.  5. Variation was …
  • … Star of India); see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869 . For more on Hooker’s …
  • … Scientific Opinion , see the letter to J.  D.  Hooker, [22 January 1869] and n.  8. …
  • … Nature , see the letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869 . Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … Huxley 1869b , see letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869  and n.  15). The essay …
  • … 1988, pp.  3–5. See letter from J.  D.  Hooker, 14 November 1869  and n.  14. CD refers to …

To Spiridion Brusina   8 May [1869]

Summary

Sends photograph of Sir C. Lyell and Professor Owen, generally considered our most distinguished [British] naturalists. Includes the requested photograph of himself [see 6720].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Spiridion Brusina
Date:  8 May [1869]
Classmark:  Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (XV-48/AI 340)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6736A

Matches: 2 hits

  • … from Spiridion Brusina, 29 April 1869 ; see also letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1869] . …
  • … between this letter and the letter from Spiridion Brusina, 29 April 1869 . See …

From T. H. Farrer   12 August 1869

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Summary

Will work on papilionaceous flowers since CD encourages it. Discusses function of hairs in certain plants.

Author:  Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Aug 1869
Classmark:  DAR 164: 54
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6861

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Farrer, 8 August 1869 , and letter to T.  H.   …
  • … Farrer, 10 August [1869] . Farrer refers to Frances Farrer ; see letter to T.  H.  Farrer, …
  • … to T.  H.  Farrer, 10 August [1869] . See letter from T.  H.   …
  • … See letter from T.  H.  Farrer, 8 August 1869  and n.  4, and letter to T.  H.   …
  • 1869] . Trinity House corporation in London was the official regulator of British shipping, its responsibilities including the erection and maintenance of lighthouses on the coasts of England and Wales ( OED ). See letter

To Alfred Merle Norman   29 July [1869]

Summary

Asks whether AMN has any specimens of British calcareous sponges that CD could forward to Haeckel, who is studying them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Merle Norman
Date:  29 July [1869]
Classmark:  University of Chicago Library, Special Collections Research Center
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6845

Matches: 3 hits

  • … by the relationship between this letter and the letter from Albany Hancock, 25 July 1869 . …
  • … See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 2 July 1869 . …
  • … See letter from Albany Hancock, 25 July 1869 . …

From John Beddoe   [22 August – 12 September 1869]

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Summary

Results of CD’s examination of data subvert JB’s former inferences. Will send abstracts from the data for his paper on colour of hair of single and married women 35 to 45 years old ["On the supposed increasing prevalence of dark hair in England", Anthropol. Rev. 1 (1863): 310–12].

Author:  John Beddoe
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [22 Aug – 12 Sept 1869]
Classmark:  DAR 85: A13–14
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6809

Matches: 8 hits

  • … relationship between this letter and the letters from John Beddoe , 21 August 1869  and …
  • … See letter from John Beddoe, 21 August 1869 . …
  • … See letter from John Beddoe, 21 August 1869  and nn.  2  …
  • … and 4. See letter from John Beddoe, 21 August 1869 . …
  • … Beddoe 1863 ; see also letter from John Beddoe, 21 August 1869  and n.  2. …
  • … See enclosure to letter from John Beddoe, 13 September 1869 . …
  • … 13 September 1869 . Robert Christison . CD’s letter has not been found. …
  • letter has followed me hither, where I am enjoying a holyday— And by the same post I have received the result of the last examination of data— It is vexatiously subversive of my former inferences, & really looks very much as if the gradual darkening of colour were the real cause, or main cause at least, of the whole set of phenomena— Now that I have got a trustworthy amanuensis I will have the 35–45 women abstracted from the books which furnished the original data for my paper of 1863; and when I get the result you shall have it at once— Yours very faithfully | John Beddoe July 13 th 1863 to Aug 6. 1869

To Jean Jacques Moulinié   18 August 1870

Summary

Under present circumstances [Franco-Prussian War] gives up French translation of Descent.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jean Jacques Moulinié
Date:  18 Aug 1870
Classmark:  Bibliothèque de Genève (Ms. suppl. 66, ff. 16–17)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7304

Matches: 6 hits

  • … to J.  J.  Moulinié, 23 October [1869] , and letter from J.  J.   …
  • … 5 November 1869 , and letter to J.   J.   …
  • … Moulinié, 5 November 1869 ). See letter to Mr Dorrell, 9 August 1870 and n.  2. …
  • … 1872; see Correspondence vol.  17, letters from J.  J.  Moulinié, 20 October 1869  and …
  • letter to Mr Dorrell, 9 August 1870 ). CD had corresponded with Moulinié about a French translation of Descent in 1869; …
  • 1869] ). CD had asked Moulinié to undertake a new translation of Origin 5th ed. ; in the event his translation was based on both Origin 5th ed.  and Origin 6th ed.  and appeared in 1873 (Moulinié trans.  1873; see Correspondence vol.  17, letter

To Nature   13 November [1869]

Summary

Comments on A. W. Bennett’s letter [Nature 1 (1869): 58] on fertilisation of winter-flowering plants. CD used net, not a bell-glass to cover Lamium.

Refers to F. Delpino’s observations on fertilisation of grasses; CD is glad to say these observations are compatible with "the very general law that distinct individual plants must be occasionally crossed".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Nature
Date:  13 Nov [1869]
Classmark:  Nature 1 (1869): 85
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6987

Matches: 6 hits

  • … In both Bennett 1869 , and the letter from A.  W.  Bennett to Nature , 8 November 1869, …
  • … Comments on A. W. Bennett’s letter [ Nature 1 (1869): 58] on fertilisation of winter- …
  • … W.  Bennett to Nature , 8 November 1869; Alfred William Bennett’s letter was published in …
  • … insects were not present. In his letter of 1 November 1869 , Federico Delpino discussed …
  • … pp.  10–11. Bennett mentioned the bell-glass in his letter to Nature , 8 November 1869. …
  • 1869 issue of Nature. For an example of one of CD’s many notes on the use of netting, see Correspondence vol.  10, letter
Document type
letter (991)
Correspondent
Darwin, C. R.disabled_by_default
Hooker, J. D. (81)
Wallace, A. R. (44)
Müller, Fritz (30)
Murray, John (b) (26)
Farrer, T. H. (20)
Huxley, T. H. (20)
Cupples, George (19)
Carus, J. V. (17)
Tait, W. C. (16)
Tegetmeier, W. B. (16)
Gray, Asa (15)
Unidentified (15)
Innes, J. B. (14)
Crichton-Browne, James (13)
Cooke, R. F. (12)
Haeckel, Ernst (12)
Lubbock, John (11)
Darwin, W. E. (10)
John Murray (10)
Weir, J. J. (10)
Bentham, George (9)
Dallas, W. S. (9)
Darwin, G. H. (9)
Galton, Francis (9)
Günther, Albert (9)
Reade, W. W. (9)
Scott, John (9)
Dawkins, W. B. (8)
Donders, F. C. (8)
Kovalevsky, V. O. (8)
Moggridge, J. T. (8)
Moulinié, J. J. (8)
Müller, Hermann (8)
Becker, L. E. (7)
Bowman, William (7)
Croll, James (7)
Delpino, Federico (7)
Lyell, Charles (7)
Masters, M. T. (7)
Maw, George (7)
Ogle, William (7)
Reuter, Adolf (7)
Bates, H. W. (6)
Blyth, Edward (6)
D. Appleton & Co (6)
Darwin, E. A. (6)
Darwin, Francis (6)
Dohrn, Anton (6)
Orton, James (6)
Trimen, Roland (6)
Agassiz, Alexander (5)
Candolle, Alphonse de (5)
Claus, C. F. (5)
Eyton, T. C. (5)
Layton, Charles (5)
Preyer, William (5)
Quatrefages de Bréau, Armand de Quatrefages (5)
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Search:
1869 letter in keywords
52 Items
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Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

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  • … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

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  • … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations …

Perfect copper-plate hand: From Adolf Reuter, 30 May 1869

Summary

My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a significant scientific thinker – but after a decade of reading a series of challenging hand writings, my favourite is the one who wrote in a perfect copper-plate…

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  • … My favourite correspondent was chosen not because he is a brilliant conversationalist or a …

A beginning, & that is something: To J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869]

Summary

  Alison Pearn talks about a letter Darwin wrote to his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker after finishing corrections to the fifth edition of Origin of Species in 1869.

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  • …   Alison Pearn talks about a letter Darwin wrote to his friend Joseph …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

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  • … Observers |  Fieldwork |  Experimentation |  Editors and critics  |  Assistants …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

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  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

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  • … Target audience?  | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

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  • … Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

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  • … If I lived 20 more years, & was able to work, how I sh d . have to modify the “Origin”, & …

Jane Gray

Summary

Jane Loring Gray, the daughter of a Boston lawyer, married the Harvard botanist Asa Gray in 1848 and evidence suggests that she took an active interest in the scientific pursuits of her husband and his friends. Although she is only known to have…

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  • … Jane Loring Gray, the daughter of a Boston lawyer, married the Harvard botanist Asa Gray in 1848 …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

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  • … Towards the end of 1862, Darwin resolved to build a small hothouse at Down House, for …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

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  • … < Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

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  • … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

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  • … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the …

Photograph album of Dutch admirers

Summary

Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…

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  • … Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

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  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early …

Science: A Man’s World?

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…

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  • … Discussion Questions | Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

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  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

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  • … Darwin's most famous book  On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin)  was …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

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  • … Letters | Selected Readings Darwin's first reflections on human progress were …
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