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Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep
Summary
In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…
Matches: 21 hits
- … is to lessen injury to leaves from radiation In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his …
- … is to lessen injury to leaves from radiation’, he wrote to Hooker on 25 March ; ‘this has …
- … plants.’ Movement in plants In the spring of 1878, Darwin started to focus on the …
- … come up arched’ ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 24 March [1878–80] ). While Darwin was studying the …
- … of apex’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [11 May 1878] ). Having found plants responsive to …
- … at my blunder’ ( letter to John Tyndall, 22 December [1878] ). Son abroad Darwin’s …
- … kind to him’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 18 June [1878] ). While Francis was away, Darwin …
- … work, I scribble to you ( letter to Francis Darwin, 7 [July 1878] ). Two weeks later he wrote: ‘I …
- … to discuss it with’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, 20 [July 1878] ). It is unclear why the …
- … reported ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 July 1878] ): ‘The oats have only just begun to …
- … Francis wrote ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 17 July 1878] ), ‘a strong horizontal axis …
- … rather’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [before 3 August 1878] ). One day Francis observed that the …
- … out one’ ( letter from Francis Darwin, [after 7 July 1878] ). Sachs’s confidence was apparently …
- … on the object, but he will always do so’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 20 August [1878] ). Darwin …
- … a monkey & a baby in your house!’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 2 September [1878] ). More …
- … to play the part of a thieving wasp’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 21 June 1878 ). An …
- … and leaves Moses to take care of himself ’ ( letter from J. B. Innes, 1 December 1878 ). Darwin …
- … the matter be presented to the duke of Richmond ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 [February 1878] ). …
- … he made a fool of himself at Belfast,’ Darwin wrote to Hooker on 3 or 4 March . ‘I have often …
- … oddest thing that ever happened to me’, Darwin wrote to Hooker on 14 December. Mindful of the lack …
- … That pecunious old couple of Worthing’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 December 1878 ). …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 16 hits
- … by observation during prolonged intervals’ ( letter to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). …
- … of shooting and collecting beetles ( letter from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ). Such reminiscences …
- … looks backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I …
- … hope.— I feel very old & helpless’ ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin …
- … to believe in such rubbish’, he confided to Joseph Dalton Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 18 …
- … the publishers, he applied first to his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker, and finally borrowed one from …
- … for misinterpreting Darwin on this point ( letter from J. D. Dana, 21 July 1874 ); however, he did …
- … ‘I’m a grown man now’, he reminded Darwin, ‘& sh d . stand on my own footing, & if it is …
- … Mivart (see Correspondence vol. 20, letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). To Darwin …
- … views. In December, he sought advice from Huxley and Hooker, sending them a draft letter that …
- … Mivart had written the article ( enclosure to letter from J. D. Hooker, 21 December 1874 ). Huxley …
- … to write to Mivart directly after he knew the full result of Hooker’s and Huxley’s representations ( …
- … or adviseable’. On Christmas Eve, Darwin wrote to Hooker that they were still in a dilemma …
- … 15 th he published that shabby rejoinder’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1874] ). On …
- … removed as secretary of the Linnean Society ( letter From J. D. Hooker, 29 December 1874 ). …
- … M. M. Radovanović, 17 September 1874 ), which appeared in 1878. Books and articles were …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 19 hits
- … his results. In March 1867, he told his close friend Joseph Hooker, ‘The only fact which I have …
- … produced by a cross between two distinct plants’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1867] ). He noted …
- … of France where Moggridge lived for part of the year ( To J. T. Moggridge, 1 October [1867] ). …
- … ‘I always supposed until lately that no evil effects w d be visible until after several …
- … flower. ‘How utterly mysterious it is’, he reported to Hooker, ‘that there sh d be some …
- … to impotence when taken from the same plant!’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 21 May [1868] ) Pollen tubes, or …
- … Darwin sent specimens of plants he raised from this seed to Hooker, who named it Abutilon darwinii …
- … a new species, & I am honoured by its name’, Darwin told Hooker, ‘It offers an instance, of …
- … the season it becomes capable of self-fertilisation’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 23 July [1871] ). Darwin …
- … ). When Darwin began writing in February 1873, he asked Hooker for names of families of several …
- … & I have no idea when it will be published’ ( To J. V. Carus, 8 May [1873] ). Hermann Müller …
- … and not on ‘the evil effects of Interbreeding’ ( To J. V. Carus, 2 August [1873] ). In …
- … & Trimorphic plants with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year …
- … ‘I have to add new researches on this subject. ( To J. V. Carus 7 February 1875 ). In fact, …
- … planned to publish his earlier papers in the same book ( To J. V. Carus, 25 December 1875 ). …
- … the 34 crossed plants being still taken as 100.? I sh d . rather like to know what the general …
- … Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, ‘Dyer is full of your Cross …
- … it for “Nature”— he gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was …
- … A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, Murray was ready to print the second …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Matches: 20 hits
- … combining the works in a single volume ( letter to J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 ). While …
- … son Francis worked in this laboratory in the summers of 1878 and 1879, he encountered some of the …
- … the phenomenon. A few days later, Darwin wrote to Joseph Hooker, ‘ Why are the leaves & fruit …
- … injure the leaves? if indeed this is at all the case ’. Hooker, who had also speculated on the …
- … on Mimosa albida from Kew Gardens, he explained to Hooker, ‘ I have never syringed (with tepid …
- … whether they are coated with a waxy secretion ’. He told Hooker, ‘ I have been looking over my old …
- … 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . have ever have noticed the movement had it not been …
- … night & we have made out a good deal ’, but confiding to Hooker, ‘ We have been working like …
- … movements of leaves ’. He confirmed this view to Hooker, ‘ From what Frank & I have seen, I …
- … he reported some progress in understanding movement, telling Hooker, ‘ I think we have proved …
- … Movement in plants , p. 179. In May 1878, Darwin had pointed out the importance of …
- … was asked to send any spare seeds he might have. ‘ I sh d . like to see how the embryo breaks …
- … his experiments on the function of bloom. By December 1878, Darwin was thinking about the …
- … using photography for scientific accuracy ( letter from J. D. Cooper, 13 December 1878 ). The …
- … ‘ I am very sorry that Sachs is so sceptical, for I w d . rather convert him than any other half …
- … do not when cauterised bend geotropically & why sh d we say this is owing to injury, when …
- … of his annual family holiday telling his close friend Hooker, ‘ I have been working pretty hard of …
- … ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 20 November 1879 ). Hooker offered to write to Egypt for the …
- … without any nervous system! I think that such facts sh d . be kept in mind, when speculating on …
- … Eduard Koch had already agreed to publish it ( letter from J. V. Carus, 18 September 1880 ). The …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 5 hits
- … news to his closest friends. She wrote to Joseph Dalton Hooker the day after Darwin’s death. ‘Our …
- … experiments. Francis went to Germany in the summer of 1878 for more experience in physiological …
- … this to you’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, [1 August 1878] ). The last years also saw Darwin …
- … and Earthworms , pp. 221–8). Darwin resumed contact in 1878. On receiving Darwin’s letter, …
- … at wormbs”’ ( letter from Mary Johnson, [after 22 July 1878] ). Edition complete …
George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)
Summary
George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…
Matches: 1 hits
- … become her partner for the next 25 years, until his death in 1878. Lewes was already married but …
Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life
Summary
1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…
Matches: 5 hits
- … for 3 February, Darwin reassured his close friend Joseph Hooker that he and Francis would attend the …
- … researcher, and sympathised with his close friends Joseph Hooker and Asa Gray, whose situations …
- … Darwin wrote to Gray on 28 January . On 14 November, Hooker himself acknowledged he was ‘ over …
- … anyone who wrote a lot, but the novelty soon wore off and in 1878 the machine was given away. …
- … he will do I cannot conceive’, Darwin wrote anxiously to Hooker on 11 September. By the time …
Fool's experiments
Summary
‘I love fools' experiments. I am always making them’, was one of the most interesting things the zoologist E. Ray Lankester ever heard Darwin say. ‘A great deal might be written as comment on that statement’, Lankester later recorded, but he limited…
Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots
Summary
Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…
Matches: 13 hits
- … Darwin had written: ‘The worst thing I find now is this d—n’d old age, which creeps slily upon one, …
- … admiration of his grandfather: ‘The more I read of Dr. D. the higher he rises in my estimation.’ …
- … it, leaving Darwin ‘more perplexed than ever about life of D r . D’ ( letter to Francis Darwin, …
- … ). Francis in Würzburg As he had done in 1878, Francis Darwin spent the summer of 1879 …
- … which is his profession tho’ not a profitable one; also D r C[lark]’s opinion that he was so …
- … when the acorns failed to ripen, Darwin had to ask Joseph Hooker to come to his rescue by sending …
- … scarlet oak: ‘to be planted in my honour!’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 4 November [1879] ). While in …
- … knowledge—observation & experiment’ ( letter from J. F. Moulton, 10 December 1879 ). In reply …
- … image of the frog be published in Nature ( letter to J. N. Lockyer, 4 and 6 March [1879] ). …
- … and his family to the Riviera for the summer ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 23 July 1879 ). Allen, who …
- … prospects were precarious. Darwin contacted Joseph Hooker on 17 December to ask his opinion: ‘I …
- … been saved from a ‘mistake & mess’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 December [1879] ). The German …
- … cross-fertilisation, had first contacted Darwin in 1876. By 1878, Darwin was sufficiently impressed …
'An Appeal' against animal cruelty
Summary
The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … 1854 to 1861, in 1863 and 1864, from 1871 to 1875, and in 1878 and 1880 (CD’s Classed account books …
New material added to the American edition of Origin
Summary
A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…
Matches: 12 hits
- … way toward publishing the book. Indeed, by early in January D. Appleton & Co. had Origin in …
- … Acting on Darwin’s behalf, Gray duly contacted D. Appleton to inquire about author’s copyright and …
- … [17 January 1860], and 23 January 1860). Although D. Appleton was not obliged by United …
- … changed his mind. On 31 January he told Joseph Dalton Hooker that he was preparing a ‘historical …
- … to Asa Gray, 1 February [1860]). By 1 May 1860, D. Appleton had sold the bulk of the 2250 …
- … the only one available in the United States until 1873, when D. Appleton prepared a new edition …
- … prejudices. In 1846, the veteran geologist, M. J. d’Omalius d’Halloz, published in an …
- … du monde, la forme, le volume et la durée de chacun d’eux, en raison de sa destinée dans l’ordre de …
- … edition of this work was published. In December, 1859, Dr. Hooker published his Introduction to the …
- … inordinate increase of specific forms throughout the world. Hooker has recently shown that in the S. …
- … having read the discussions on this subject by Lyell and by Hooker in regard to plants, concur only …
- … 2 Origin , p. 83. 3 Origin , pp. 187–8. This phrase and the following, longer …
