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List of correspondents
Summary
Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers
Summary
In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…
Matches: 18 hits
- … restrict himself to ‘more confined & easy subjects’. A month earlier, on 23 February , he had …
- … of his book on earthworms, published in October, was a boost. His 5-year-old grandson Bernard, who …
- … several scientific topics to pursue. Dispute with Butler In January, Darwin’s work on …
- … Erasmus Darwin . Although Darwin thought the matter closed, Butler had repeated his accusations in …
- … the St James’s Gazette on 8 December. Krause countered Butler’s accusations in a review of …
- … Kosmos article should be translated and also appear in a British journal. Darwin could see that …
- … Thomas Huxley’s advice was to ignore Butler, and Krause, who understood that Butler wished to boast …
- … seasoned journalist and editor Leslie Stephen. There was ‘a hopeless division of opinion’ within the …
- … , hoping that he did not think them ‘all gone mad on such a small matter’. The following day, Darwin …
- … avoid being pained at being publicly called in ones old age a liar, owing to having unintentionally …
- … unambiguous. He was ‘unhesitating’ in his advice that Butler should be ignored and ‘undignified …
- … Unconscious memory that Darwin feared he had redirected Butler’s wrath upon himself. ‘Good Lord …
- … learnt from its own individual experience ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 7 March 1881 ). The …
- … & to acknowledge any criticism’ ( letter to C. G. Semper, 19 July 1881 ). He continued his …
- … , which he thought ‘an excellent Journal’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July [1881] ). In these …
- … so atrocious a manner on all physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 April 1881 ). A letter …
- … to bear the ‘wear & tear of controversy’ ( letter to G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 ). Later in …
- … they would be with a less intelligent man’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 1 July [1881] ). Despite …
Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms
Summary
‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…
Matches: 19 hits
- … and observations. Financial support for science was a recurring issue, as Darwin tried to secure a …
- … life and other bits of family history. On 1 January , a distant cousin, Charles Harrison Tindal, …
- … about the eagerness of the two learned divines to see a pig’s body opened is very amusing’, Darwin …
- … to C. H. Tindal, 5 January 1880 ). Darwin had employed a genealogist, Joseph Lemuel Chester, to …
- … away in archives and registry offices, and produced a twenty-page history of the Darwin family …
- … obliged to meet some of the distant relations and conciliate a few whose ancestors had not featured …
- … in to the thick of all these cousins & think I must pay a round of visits.’ One cousin, Reginald …
- … the book, partly in order to address a publication by Samuel Butler, Evolution old and new , …
- … ). The final text of the Krause’s essay did not mention Butler’s book directly, but it did allude to …
- … in 1879 (before Evolution old and new was published). Butler wrote to Darwin on 2 January 1880 …
- … I much regret that I did not do so’ ( letter to Samuel Butler, 3 January 1880 ). At the top of …
- … ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [28 January 1880] ). Butler had once been an enthusiastic …
- … of Darwin’s harsh critics, especially St George Mivart. Butler was unsatisfied with Darwin’s reply, …
- … [1880] ). ‘The world will only know … that you & Butler had a controversy in which he will have …
- … silence: ‘take no notice whatever … I am astounded at Butler—who I thought was a gentleman … Has …
- … ). All went quiet until November, when a new book by Butler appeared (Unconscious memory ) …
- … and letting them out of their respective bags ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [6, 13, or 20] March …
- … received more attention than the baby!’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 17 December 1880 , and …
- … biologist of our time’ ( letter from W. D. Roebuck to G. H. Darwin, 25 October 1880 ). The …
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 25 hits
- … the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye to the crafting of his legacy. …
- … animals in November, the year marked the culmination of a programme of publication that can be …
- … in relation to sex , published in 1871, these books brought a strong if deceptive sense of a job …
- … himself without writing anything more on 'so difficult a subject, as evolution’ ( letter to A. …
- … earthworms in shaping the environment. The former led to a series of books and papers, and the …
- … years before. In his private life also, Darwin was in a nostalgic frame of mind, picking up …
- … June the previous year. He intended the edition to be a popular one that would bring his most …
- … should be affordable: ‘do you not think 6s is too dear for a cheap Edit? Would not 5s be better? . . …
- … translations of both Descent and Origin was a particular frustration: `I naturally desire …
- … anatomist St George Jackson Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). A …
- … in the sixth edition were those made by Mivart himself. In a new chapter on ‘miscellaneous …
- … of Whale & duck most beautiful’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 3 March 1872 ). …
- … Mivart was among those who wrote in January to wish Darwin a happy new year, before the month was …
- … break down. Mivart’s book had been followed by a highly critical and anonymously published review of …
- … his defence, and along with his good wishes Mivart enclosed a copy of an article replying to Thomas …
- … to send another that had been written in response to a disparaging paper by the American …
- … my views & conclusions; & I hope I am not quite so bigotted a person as I am made to appear’ …
- … `fundamental intellectual errors’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 6 January 1872 ). Darwin …
- … to think he felt friendly towards me’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 8 January [1872] ). Despite …
- … not to thank Mivart for his letter. He promised to send a copy of the new edition of Origin …
- … mind, `chiefly perhaps because I do it badly’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 3 August [1872] ). …
- … Darwin. ‘At present natural selection is somewhat under a cloud’, he wrote to J. E. Taylor on 13 …
- … Dohrn on 3 February that Mivart’s book had 'produced a great effect in England’. Dohrn, who …
- … even being discussed from the pulpit: ‘Nothing brings out a crowd on Sunday’, she exclaimed, ' …
- … was the teenage protégé of the artist and writer Samuel Butler, son of an old Shrewsbury …
Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments
Summary
The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…
Matches: 16 hits
- … year he was optimistic about publishing it that autumn, but a recurrence of illness forced him to …
- … climbing plants to make another paper. Darwin also submitted a manuscript of his hypothesis of …
- … and persuaded his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker to comment on a paper on Verbascum (mullein) by CD …
- … to be discussed in both scholarly and popular publications. A lengthy discussion written by George …
- … received news of an exchange of letters on his theory in a New Zealand newspaper; the letters were …
- … deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend of Darwin’s and prominent …
- … J. D. Hooker’s father, died in August. There was also a serious dispute between two of Darwin’s …
- … when illness made work impossible, Darwin and Hooker read a number of novels, and discussed them in …
- … letter to Hooker of 1865 suggests that the family had had a cheerful Christmas. ‘We are all well’, …
- … energetic. However, on 31 January, Hugh Falconer died after a sudden illness. Falconer was 56, …
- … January [1865] ). Sic transit gloria mundi, with a vengeance Darwin’s …
- … calm and philosophical: ‘I am much grieved; It will be a great loss to science. What a lot of …
- … [1865] ). However, Hooker, at the time recovering from a bout of influenza, wrote to Darwin at some …
- … of our being born for nothing better than such a paltry existence as ours’ is, gives me some hope of …
- … into red-hot gas.— Sic transit gloria mundi, with a vengeance’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February …
- … and at the beginning of the year he despaired of finding a doctor who could ease his symptoms. He …
Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments
Summary
1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…
Matches: 22 hits
- … the sheer volume of his correspondence indicates, 1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin …
- … not think you are conceited, but really I do think you have a good right to be so’ ( letter from J. …
- … such view will ultimately prevail Still taking a keen interest in the progress of his …
- … condition in Primula ’ and Orchids ; it suffered a further setback when illness struck the …
- … Huxley, species, and sterility The year began with a New Year’s greeting from Huxley, …
- … its final proof awaited the production, by selection from a common stock, of forms that differed …
- … doubt that twenty years experiments on pigeons conducted by a skilled physiologist … would give us …
- … have been performed I shall consider your views to have a complete physical basis' The …
- … by which Karl Friedrich von Gärtner had demonstrated a degree of sterility between varieties of …
- … now strongly inclined to believe that sterility is at first a selected quality to keep incipient …
- … his Primula paper, Darwin repeated his crosses through a second generation, both to test his …
- … looking through botanical books for indications that a species had more than one flower form, and …
- … daily’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). In a postscript, he mentioned his work on ‘one …
- … through the following year, but the Melastomataceae remained a blind alley, and no publication ever …
- … Linum flavum ,but had ‘at first thought it was merely a case of unmeaning variability’ ( …
- … [1862] ), writing up his experiments in December as a paper for the Linnean Society. And …
- … and requested, ‘For the love of Heaven’, that Gray have a look at some American species, and send …
- … By October, Darwin had decided that the case warranted a paper for the Linnean Society ( letter to …
- … the three sexual forms (male, female, and hermaphrodite) of a single species, differing so much from …
- … As he had done for his Primula paper, he drew up a list of individuals and societies to whom the …
- … May, and by June, there had been enough positive reviews for a relieved Darwin to tell Hooker that, …
- … him of the need for a second edition ( letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ), Darwin …
Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots
Summary
Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…
Matches: 20 hits
- … by Cambridge University Press . Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth …
- … Darwin’s preoccupation with his own roots ran alongside a botanical interest in roots, as he and his …
- … to Francis Galton, 15 [June 1879] ). Even the prospect of a holiday in the Lake District in August …
- … Darwin, despite his many blessings, was finding old age ‘a dismal time’ ( letter to Henry Johnson, …
- … old age, which creeps slily upon one, like moss upon a tree, and wrinkles one all over like a baked …
- … way round?’ At least the last letter of 1879 contained a warmer note and the promise of future …
- … old Darwin’s seventieth birthday on 12 February was a cause for international celebration. A …
- … but it was in Germany that Darwin was most fêted. A German bookkeeper and his wife sent birthday …
- … Hermann Müller wrote on 12 February to wish Darwin a ‘long and serene evening of life’. This …
- … of corrupting his students by reading them an extract from a materialist work by Carus Sterne …
- … , which had been founded in 1877 by Krause and others as a journal for presenting a uniform view of …
- … on Erasmus Darwin grabbed Darwin’s attention and provided a welcome break from his work on movement …
- … to publish an English translation of Krause’s essay as a short book. Delighted by Darwin’s proposal, …
- … Darwin’s life. Darwin, too, had started to consider adding a prologue, while his brother Erasmus …
- … & would please Francis’, he pointed out ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 13 March [1879 ]). …
- … searching for Seward’s memoir for Krause, Darwin reread a library copy and decided to refute the …
- … evolution prior to Erasmus Darwin, pointing out that Samuel Butler’s recent book, Evolution, old …
- … tastefully and well, and with little fatigue’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 , and …
- … to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 5 June 1879 , and letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 ). Darwin’s …
- … and his family to the Riviera for the summer ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 23 July 1879 ). Allen, who …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 24 hits
- … 1820] in Geolog. Soc. F. Cuvier on Instinct [F. G. Cuvier 1822] read Flourens Edit [Flourens …
- … 1830]— account of wild cattle Montagu on birds [G. Montagu 1802–13]— facts about close …
- … 28 Bacon’s Essays [Bacon 1825–36].— Butler. 3. first sermons [Butler 1834] …
- … Davy 1828] 31 An analysis of British Ferns. G. W. Francis 4 s [Francis 1837]— …
- … & Phys [Todd ed. 1836–59] [DAR *119: 14] Butler’s Analogy [Butler 1736] …
- … Hist of Music [Hogarth 1835] Wilkinson Ægyptian [J. G. Wilkinson 1837–41] read [DAR …
- … d — Considerations generales sur les Mammif. Isid. G. St. Hilaire. 1826? [I. Geoffroy Saint …
- … Head [F. B. Head 1846] St. John’s Highlands [C. W. G. Saint John 1846] History of …
- … Naturelle” (Cuvier Paper on Domestication) [F. G. Cuvier 1825] Agricola’s Husbandry (to see …
- … (Gerard Hybrids [Gérard 1844]) Bought (read) G. St. Hilaire Progress de un Naturalist …
- … 1724] Life of Wilkie [Cunningham 1843] & Chantry [G. Jones 1849]. Grote’s History …
- … Lettres philosop. sur l’intelligence des animaux C. G. Leroy Paris 1802 [Leroy 1802]. (worth reading …
- … by Hooker— Analysis & theory of the Emotions by G. Ramsay B.M. 6. 6. Black Edin. Longman …
- … 1849] Lady Lyell Sir J Heads Forest scenes in Canada [G. Head 1829] Grotes History of …
- … Bernier, François. 1826. Travels in the Mogul Empire A.D. 1656–1668 . Translated by Irving …
- … Bethune, John. 1840. Poems by the late John Bethune; with a sketch of the author’s life by his …
- … eds.] 119: 11a Blacklock, Ambrose. 1838. A treatise on sheep; with the best means …
- … Blaine, Delabere Pritchett. 1824. Canine pathology; or, a full description of the diseases of …
- … ——. 1840. An encyclopædia of rural sports; or, a complete account, historical, practical, …
- … 1844. Algeria, past and present. Containing a description of the country … with a review of …
- … Artaud. 2 vols. Metz. 128: 24 ——. 1807. A short system of comparative anatomy . …
- … 1794–6. Harmonia ruralis; or, an essay towards a natural history of British song birds . 2 …
- … 1831. The life of Samuel Johnson … Including a journal of a tour to the Hebrides . A new …
- … Library. Abstract in DAR 71: 85–6.] 128: 12 Butler, Joseph. 1736. The analogy of …
The "wicked book": Origin at 157
Summary
Origin is 157 years old. (Probably) the most famous book in science was published on 24 November 1859. To celebrate we have uploaded hundreds of new images of letters, bringing the total number you can look at here to over 9000 representing more than…
Matches: 4 hits
- … Wallace are after Origin ’s appearance, but there is a fascinating scrap from 1857 comparing …
- … for him; his cousin Hensleigh Wedgwood wrote about a violent shower of fish , but also about …
- … Innes , vicar of the Darwins’ parish of Down in Kent, and a lifelong friend of both Charles and …
- … James Sulivan , Lieutenant on HMS Beagle , sent a cross-section of fossil-bearing strata …
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 19 hits
- … spent completing Forms of flowers , his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the …
- … of bloom, each of these projects would culminate in a major publication. Darwin’s botany was …
- … by his engagement to Sara Sedgwick, an American from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The …
- … He returned to his alma mater in November to hear a Latin oration composed specially for the …
- … the fertility of individual flowers and plants across a range of common species, such as the …
- … pleases me.’. Darwin dedicated the book to Gray, ‘as a small tribute of respect and affection’. He …
- … to you.’ Drawing his separate publications together into a larger whole enabled Darwin to advance …
- … measure: ‘it might then be highly beneficial to [a plant] that the same flower or the same …
- … I believe it is of value, it is not likely that more than a few hundred copies w d . be sold’. His …
- … waxy coating on the leaves and fruit was, like dimorphism, a well-known botanical characteristic …
- … I am now going to continue my observations.’ He requested a large number of plants from Hooker on …
- … who wrote on 16 July , ‘assisting you is a relief in the general monotony of routine. I am …
- … plants prevents injury from salt-water—& I believe with a few prevents injury from pure water …
- … continue the observations. ‘I got out within 2 minutes of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on …
- … The drops seemed to stick closely to the leaves and required a tolerable shake’. Darwin gained …
- … tree) and Desmodium gyrans (telegraph plant). ‘He is a good fellow but nurses a private ambition …
- … 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and Francis devised a method of recording leaf motion for …
- … over time: ‘Bristle was gummed to 1 Cot. & beyond it a triangular bit of card was fixed & in …
- … need such determination himself against a new critic, Samuel Butler. A strong supporter of Darwin in …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
Matches: 23 hits
- … in man and animals , published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, …
- … scientific correspondents and, in 1867, by preparing a printed questionnaire.[3] He solicited …
- … his first-born—his ‘Little Prince’ or ‘animalcule of a son’[7] —to such a degree that on occasion he …
- … 1844, Henrietta Emma was one year old, and there are a few entries relating to her. However, at this …
- … diaphragm, so as to allow gas to escape from stomach.— A person trying to liberate air from stomach …
- … his eyebrows are very little prominent, & with scarcely a vestige of down,—therefore if frowning …
- … At his 9 th day however he appeared to follow a candle with his eyes.— In crying, frowns …
- … old, smiled, but certainly not from pleasure, but merely a chance movement of muscles, without a …
- … of eye during sucking change. into vacancy & then into a swimming expression, with half closed …
- … I have no doubt this rolling of the eyes is connected with a tendency for them to turn upwards & …
- … the same time Henrietta smiled at 3 weeks & Mrs Locke says a fortnight[15] I have …
- … mother. & mine; I think was once attracted by noise towards a certain point. — Has no definite …
- … itself.— Henrietta also just at the same period or a few days earlier— Nov. 8[16] When …
- … argues that his smiles were from seeing her face, because a tassel dangling did not make him smile— …
- … he wanted to suck. Annie at 2 months & four days had a very broad sweet smile & a …
- … eyes have brightened when smiling.— often accompanied by a little noise, approaching to a laugh.— …
- … before his eyes.[18] Two days ago it appeared to me from a change made in the little noises he was …
- … not directed to any particular object, but express merely a feeling of pleasure. Three days ago when …
- … other child set him crying again He does not easily catch a person’s eye & is not easily …
- … down than it used to be giving an expression of misery. A frown gives the first notice that he is …
- … for some time.— I observe he uses his left hand a little— The turning down of corners of …
- … it could be distinguished long since— it seems like a struggle between closing his mouth & …
- … Howard Darwin, born 1845. [65] Joseph Parslow, butler at Down House. [66] The text on …
