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Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 13 hits
- … Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, …
- … Animal intelligence referred to the contributions of 'a young lady, who objects to her name …
- … throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, Miss, [April 1860] …
- … anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D. F., [12 November …
- … Nevill is referenced by name for her “kindness” in Darwin’s Fertilisation of Orchids . …
- … by numerous women of their infants are not referenced in a section of Expression on ‘the …
- … was novelist Elizabeth Gaskell for her description of a crying baby in Mary Barton. …
- … about how best to reference her husband’s contribution to a chapter on music in Expression …
- … Mould and Earthworms but she was identified only as “a lady, on whose accuracy I can implicitly …
- … input. Letter 8719 - Darwin to Treat, M., [1 January 1873] Darwin asks …
- … Darwin, [4 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, Francis Wedgwood, sends the results of …
- … fields of North Wales. Letter 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February …
- … [1 November 1877] Darwin asks his sons, Horace and Francis, to observe earthworm activity …
List of correspondents
Summary
Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…
Matches: 11 hits
- … Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
- … G. E. (1) Beaufort, Francis (5) …
- … Boole, M. E. (3) Boott, Francis (7) …
- … Dareste, Camille (9) Darwin family (1) …
- … Darwin, Emma (191) Darwin, Francis (287) …
- … Everest, Robert (1) Ewbank, Francis (1) …
- … Fox, W. D. (225) Francis, George (1) …
- … Galton, Erasmus (1) Galton, Francis (118) …
- … Archibald (1) Lloyd, Francis (1) …
- … Parker, Charles (2) Parker, Francis (1) …
- … Walford, Edward (2) Walker, Francis (6) …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 18 hits
- … | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a …
- … Women: Letter 1194 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [12 August 1849] Darwin …
- … peculiarities in inheritance. Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to Darwin, [29 October …
- … officinalis . Letter 5745 - Barber, M. E. to Darwin, [after February 1867] …
- … home in South Africa. Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L to Darwin, [8 & 9 May …
- … to Darwin’s queries about Expression during a trip to Egypt. Letter 7223 …
- … January 1868] Darwin asks Thomas Huxley to pass on a questionnaire to his wife, Henrietta. …
- … him. Letter 6535 - Vaughan Williams , M. S. to Darwin, H. E., [after 14 October …
- … dogs with Emma Darwin. Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] …
- … of her pet cats. Letter 8989 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [28 July 1873] Mary …
- … Letter 9426 - Story-Maskelyne , T. M. to Darwin, [23 April 1874] Thereza …
- … Women: Letter 1701 - Morris, M. H. to Prior, R. C. A., [17 June 1855] …
- … in Lychnis diurna. Letter 8168 - Ruck, A. R . to Darwin, H., [20 January …
- … Darwin, [9 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, Francis, reports on the appearance and …
- … tells her eldest son, William, that her third eldest son, Francis, is receiving help with his plant …
- … February 1857] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, writes to Francis with the results of his …
- … in his home. Letter 10517 - Darwin to Francis, F., [29 May 1876] Darwin …
- … Letter 10517 - Darwin t o Francis, F., [29 May 1876] Darwin gives his son, Francis …
Francis Darwin
Summary
Known to his family as ‘Frank’, Charles Darwin’s seventh child himself became a distinguished scientist. He was an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge, initially studying mathematics, but then transferring to natural sciences. Francis completed…
Matches: 6 hits
- … Known to his family as ‘Frank’, Charles Darwin’s seventh child himself became a distinguished …
- … but then transferring to natural sciences. Francis completed his studies at Cambridge, …
- … of surviving correspondence with his father while he was a student is largely about money. He had …
- … an old fellow as I daresay I appear to you’ (letter to Francis Darwin, 18 October [1870] ). …
- … his father had not been knighted, although in 1877 Charles Darwin was awarded an honorary degree …
- … ( The Power of Movement in Plants, 1880). Perhaps Francis Darwin, whom the family regarded as a …
Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life
Summary
1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…
Matches: 14 hits
- … The year 1876 started out sedately enough with Darwin working on the first draft of his book on the …
- … games. ‘I have won, hurrah, hurrah, 2795 games’, Darwin boasted; ‘my wife … poor creature, has won …
- … and cosseting regarding the ailments that were so much a feature of Darwin family life. But the calm …
- … Cross and self fertilisation , that the family suffered a devastating loss. The Darwins must have …
- … the first member of the next generation of the family, with Francis and Amy’s child expected in …
- … Year's resolutions Darwin began the year by making a resolution. He would in future …
- … Origin for the very last time, and made minor changes to a reprint of the second edition of …
- … Darwin reassured his close friend Joseph Hooker that he and Francis would attend the meeting. Darwin …
- … subject takes an opposite line’. Although he conceded that Francis had the best of an argument with …
- … to propose the young rising star of Cambridge morphology, Francis Maitland Balfour, for fellowship …
- … and ardent naturalist Thomas Edward ( letter from F. M. Balfour, 11 December 1876 ; letter to …
- … of the earliest available commercial models of typewriter. Francis Darwin and his wife, Amy, …
- … of death, and it was Francis’s mother-in-law, Mary Anne Ruck, who provided emotional support. Amy’s …
- … and agriculturists in France ( letter from E. M. Heckel, 27 December 1876 ). In England, the …
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 21 hits
- … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can …
- … the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye to the crafting of his legacy. …
- … of On the origin of species , intended to be Darwin’s last, and of Expression of the …
- … in relation to sex , published in 1871, these books brought a strong if deceptive sense of a job …
- … himself without writing anything more on 'so difficult a subject, as evolution’ ( letter to A. …
- … earthworms in shaping the environment. The former led to a series of books and papers, and the …
- … worms , published in the year before his death. Despite Darwin’s declared intention to take up new …
- … begun many years before. In his private life also, Darwin was in a nostalgic frame of mind, …
- … The last word on Origin The year opened with Darwin, helped by his eldest son William, …
- … June the previous year. He intended the edition to be a popular one that would bring his most …
- … on 30 January , shortly after correcting the proofs, and Darwin’s concern for the consolidation of …
- … should be affordable: ‘do you not think 6s is too dear for a cheap Edit? Would not 5s be better? . . …
- … and sixth editions were costly to incorporate, and despite Darwin’s best efforts, set the final …
- … than offended by `that clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and invited …
- … drawings shortly afterwards ( letter from Samuel Butler to Francis Darwin, [before 30 May 1872] , …
- … Lord Sackville Cecil, to attend a séance ( letter from M. C. Stanley, 4 June 1872 ). There was …
- … the claims of spiritualists, and Darwin, through his cousin Francis Galton, had with some interest …
- … others described the way their hands blushed (letter from M. I. Snow, 29 [November 1872 or later] …
- … however, incorporated in the second edition, produced by Francis Darwin after his father’s death. …
- … new name on the list of volunteers: by the beginning of May, Francis Darwin, the Darwins’ third son, …
- … life which surprised & gratified me more’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ). Fox …
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 21 hits
- … By John Schaefer, Harvard University* Charles Darwin’s enthusiasm for carnivorous plants -- …
- … than the origin of all the species in the world. ’ Darwin’s rigorous experimentation with these …
- … plants in the scientific and public imagination. Darwin’s son, Francis, carried on his father …
- … experience with his father's thorough experiments, Francis sought to elaborate on the book’s …
- … fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster together. Darwin senior had theorized in …
- … protoplasm . Inspired by his investigation of Drosera , Francis set out to examine the cup-like …
- … The Loves of the Plants (1789) his grandfather, Erasmus Darwin, wrote that each dew-filled cup …
- … to prevent insects from creeping up to devour its seed.’ Francis, however, expected to find that the …
- … sent to his father from Kew Gardens by Joseph Dalton Hooker, Francis began growing his own specimens …
- … into deciphering plant carnivory. On 28 May 1876, Francis wrote to his father that he had …
- … emphatically exclaiming ‘ Hooray theory. Blow facts. ’ Francis drew comparisons to ‘the absorption …
- … article on aggregation in D. rotundifolia tentacles, Francis had to delay further examinations …
- … I were you, to the point of death. ’ At this time, Darwin senior was responding to critiques …
- … ‘Seed-bearing’ experiments with Dipsacus . While Darwin was ‘curious if the movements of the …
- … After witnessing this ‘ grand discovery ’ himself, Darwin excitedly described the protoplasmic …
- … confided to his friend J.D. Hooker, ‘ I have hardly a doubt that here we have a plant catching & …
- … was beginning to feel horrid doubts. ’ ‘ Oh Lord what a set of sons I have, all doing wonders. ’ …
- … village, which reminded him so much of his life with Amy, a devastated Francis left for Wales with …
- … Darwin gently yet consistently encouraged further work on a Dipsacus paper and frequently …
- … of finding solace through one’s work. Francis entered a reclusive and hardworking state of mourning, …
- … , s2-18(69), 74–82. Krupa, J. J., & Thomas, J. M. 2019. Is the common teasel ( Dipsacus …
Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?
Summary
Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…
Matches: 16 hits
- … evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost …
- … (1875) and Cross and self fertilisation (1876). Darwin’s son Francis became increasingly …
- … the previous year. As was typical, readers wrote to Darwin personally to offer suggestions, …
- … in animals. The subject was brought closer to home by Francis Galton’s work on inherited talent, …
- … Station at Naples. Plants that eat and feel? Darwin had resumed experiments on the …
- … the main focus of Darwin’s study of insectivorous plants, a group that also included the Venus fly …
- … and even electrical stimulation. On sending Darwin a specimen of the carnivorous Drosophyllum …
- … tentacles to bend inward, so that the plant closed like a fist. Darwin was fascinated by this …
- … seemed analogous to muscular contraction in animals: “a nerve is touched … a sensation is felt” ( …
- … Poisons and electrocution . . . His son Francis was assisting the histologist Edward Emanuel …
- … of medical research in London. On the advice of Klein, Francis obtained a new microscope for his …
- … on botany, he drew more on assistance from his son Francis. While visiting his fiancée, Amy Ruck, in …
- … notes and take tracings of their burrows” ( letter from Francis Darwin, 14 August [1873] ). …
- … at the Empr’s throat like a bulldog” ( letter from L. M. Forster to H. E. Litchfield, 20 February …
- … “When I have an attack”, George complained, “I’m to starve sweat & purge it away” ( letter from …
- … in exact accordance with natural selection” ( letter from M. D. Conway, 10 September [1873] ). …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 19 hits
- … 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working …
- … mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A vicious dispute over an anonymous …
- … and traveller Alexander von Humboldt’s 105th birthday, Darwin obliged with a reflection on his debt …
- … one of the greatest men the world has ever produced. He gave a wonderful impetus to science by …
- … to D. T. Gardner, [ c . 27 August 1874] ). The death of a Cambridge friend, Albert Way, caused …
- … from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ). Such reminiscences led Darwin to the self-assessment, ‘as for one …
- … I feel very old & helpless The year started for Darwin with a week’s visit to …
- … ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor health so frequently in …
- … world. While Darwin was in London, his son George organised a séance at Erasmus’s house. The event …
- … William Henry Myers, and Thomas Henry Huxley, who sent a long report to Darwin with the spirit …
- … had cost twenty-four shillings.) Murray’s partner, Robert Francis Cooke, informed Darwin that the …
- … (see G. B. Airy ed. 1881). Darwin’s third son Francis married Amy Ruck, the sister of a …
- … work on insectivorous plants. Amy drew a plant and Francis was disappointed that they seemed not to …
- … of books in relation to the Origin, of which I have the M.S. half completed; but I have started the …
- … from Cornwall, but Darwin was unwell when it arrived, so Francis worked on the tiny bladders under …
- … 1874 , and Correspondence vol. 21, letter from Francis Darwin, [11 October 1873] ). …
- … work’ ( letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ).Francis’s new wife, Amy, drew the plant ( …
- … Darwin replied, ‘I have so poor a metaphysical head that M r Spencer’s terms of equilibration …
- … for a Serbian translation of Origin ( letter from M. M. Radovanović, 17 September 1874 ), …
