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The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin
Summary
Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851. Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…
Matches: 6 hits
- … lost the joy of the Household Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at …
- … to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully. Darwin wrote a memorial of his daughter …
- … her own reactions in a poignant set of notes, which Emma Darwin kept. Links to a longer …
- … and illness follow the transcriptions. Charles Darwin’s memorial of Anne Elizabeth …
- … ‘y. 4 An interlineation in pencil in Emma Darwin’s hand reads: ‘Mamma: what shall we do …
- … To W. D. Fox, [ 27 March 1851 ] To Emma Darwin, [17 April 1851] First letter to …
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson
Summary
Elizabeth Garrett was born in Whitechapel, London. She was initially educated at home but at 13 sent to boarding school. She was always interested in politics and current affairs but decided to pursue a career in medicine at a time when women were excluded…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Elizabeth Garrett was born in Whitechapel, London. She was initially educated …
Elizabeth Darwin born
Summary
Daughter Elizabeth (Bessie) born
Matches: 1 hits
- … Daughter Elizabeth (Bessie) born …
Darwin and women: a selection of letters
Summary
A shorter version of this film is available on the Cambridge University Press video stream. Darwin and Women focusses on Darwin's correspondence with women and on the lives of the women he knew and wrote to. It includes a large number of…
Matches: 4 hits
- … University Press video stream . Darwin and Women focusses on Darwin's …
- … number of hitherto unpublished letters between members of Darwin's family and their friends …
- … servants, that set them in an accessible narrative context. Darwin's famous remarks on women& …
- … the book's editor, Samantha Evans, in her blogs on ' Emma Darwin and women's higher …
List of correspondents
Summary
Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…
Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 14 hits
- … Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, …
- … set of selected letters is followed by letters relating to Darwin's 1881 publication …
- … throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, Miss, [April 1860] …
- … anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D. F., [12 November …
- … Nevill is referenced by name for her “kindness” in Darwin’s Fertilisation of Orchids . …
- … critic. Letter 4370 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [April - May 1865] Darwin …
- … as “friends in Surrey”. Letter 4794 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [25 March 1865] …
- … B”. Letter 7060 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, [1867 - 72] Darwin’s …
- … in the final publication. Letter 7223 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [9 June 1867 - …
- … in Expression . Letter 5817 - Darwin to Huxley, T. H., [30 January 1868 …
- … infants identified by name in Expression was novelist Elizabeth Gaskell for her description …
- … at him. Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s …
- … I can implicitly rely”. Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H. E., [25 July 1872] …
- … contribution to the same work was carefully referenced , Darwin made no mention of Henrietta’s …
Henrietta Darwin's diary
Summary
Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…
Matches: 9 hits
- … Charles Darwin’s daughter Henrietta wrote the following journal entries in March and …
- … 1871 in a small lockable, leather-bound notebook now in the Darwin Archive of Cambridge University …
- … excised within it, presumably by Henrietta herself. Darwin’s letters in 1870 and 1871 ( …
- … scepticism; many of her arguments are reminiscent of Darwin’s own discussion of religious belief in …
- … of the theory of natural selection. Snow occasionally sent Darwin information relating to his …
- … emotion (see letters from F. J. Wedgwood to H. E. and C. R. Darwin, [1867–72], letter nos. 7058 …
- … one of Descent (see letter from Charles and Emma Darwin to F. J. Wedgwood, [March 1871?], and …
- … period of their courtship. We are grateful to William Darwin for permission to publish the …
- … 13 Katherine Euphemia Wedgwood . 14 Hope Elizabeth Wedgwood . …
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive …
Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…
Matches: 16 hits
- … Earthworms and Wedgwood cousins As with many of Darwin's research topics, his …
- … months before he died in March 1882. In the same way that Darwin cast a wide net when seeking …
- … his nieces, Lucy and Sophy Wedgwood, the daughters of Emma Darwin's brother Josiah. Darwin …
- … Scientific evidence for the history of life Darwin chose to study earthworms in order to …
- … selection. His book Fertilisation of Orchids (1862) was Darwin's "flank movement …
- … was a study of incredible empirical detail that demonstrates Darwin's creative experimental …
- … (be it geology or evolutionary theory) was a subject that Darwin had contemplated from his earliest …
- … SOURCES Papers Darwin, C.R. 1840. On the formation of mould. Transactions of the …
- … and 3. Letters Letter 385 - Sarah Elizabeth Wedgwood & Josiah …
- … were fertilised. Letter 8137 - William Darwin to Charles Darwin, 1 January 1872 …
- … of stone at Stonehenge. In his reply of two days later, Darwin wrote, “Your letter & facts are …
- … 8144 , 8169 , and 8171 - Between Charles Darwin and Lucy Wedgwood, January 1872 …
- … for her observations. Letter 12745 - Darwin to Sophy Wedgwood, 8 October 1880 …
- … Letter 13406 - Mary Catherine Stanley (Lady Derby) to Darwin, 16 October 1881 Among …
- … and its significance. Letter 13632 - Darwin to John Murray, 21 January 1882 In …
- … magazine, Stephen Jay Gould argues for the importance of Darwin's last book and its centrality …
Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex
Summary
The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…
Matches: 26 hits
- … On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If any …
- … he ought to do what I am doing pester them with letters.’ Darwin was certainly true to his word. The …
- … and sexual selection. In Origin , pp. 87–90, Darwin had briefly introduced the concept of …
- … process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in 1864, Darwin claimed that sexual selection was ‘the …
- … 12, letter to A. R. Wallace, 28 [May 1864] ). Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as …
- … to the stridulation of crickets. At the same time, Darwin continued to collect material on …
- … his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that his …
- … which was devoted to sexual selection in the animal kingdom. Darwin described his thirst for …
- … in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing gave Darwin much vexation. ‘My book is …
- … 1867 and had expected to complete it in a fortnight. But at Darwin’s request, he modified his …
- … the text. This increased the amount of work substantially. Darwin asked Murray to intervene, …
- … … though it would be a great loss to the Book’. But Darwin’s angry letter to Murray crossed one from …
- … blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, replying on 14 January …
- … as stone, if it were not quite mollified by your note’. Darwin enclosed a cheque to Dallas for £55 …
- … and descent in the Fortnightly Review , and asked Darwin for comments. Darwin was clearly …
- … ‘fast passing away’ that sparked the most discussion. Darwin wrote to Hooker on 23 February , …
- … authorship. John Murray thought it was by Gray himself, but Darwin corrected him: ‘D r Gray would …
- … of Science, Robertson published a rejoinder, arousing Darwin’s ire still further: ‘he is a scamp …
- … all sorts of subjects In writing Variation , Darwin had been careful to acknowledge …
- … great influx of unsolicited letters from persons unknown to Darwin, offering additional facts that …
- … 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the Rev d C. Darwin M.d’; Binstead evidently assumed Darwin …
- … in the world’ (from ?, 6 April 1868). On 21 May , Darwin complained to Hooker, ‘I am bothered …
- … an outpouring of details and untoward examples even from Darwin’s inner circle of expert naturalists …
- … by flexing. On 5 April , Edward Blyth, who had supplied Darwin with a wealth of information on …
- … Edmund Langton wrote from the south of France to Sarah Elizabeth Wedgwood on 9 Novembe r, …
- … Africa, Darwin received from Hooker an account by Mary Elizabeth Barber of local variations in the …
Darwin’s observations on his children
Summary
Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…
Matches: 24 hits
- … Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children,[1] began the …
- … is available below . As with much of his other work, Darwin gathered additional information on the …
- … lunatics, the blind, and animals. And as early as 1839 Darwin had begun to collect information on …
- … the expression of emotions. As the following transcript of Darwin’s notes reveals, he closely …
- … William Erasmus, the stages of his development suggesting to Darwin those expressions which are …
- … The tone of the manuscript reflects an aspect of Darwin’s character clearly perceived by Emma during …
- … “What does that prove”.’[6] For in these notes, Darwin’s deep scientific curiosity transcends his …
- … that on occasion he refers to William as ‘it’. Darwin possessed the ability to dissociate …
- … memories.[8] Yet, though the dissociation was essential for Darwin’s scientific goal, the notes here …
- … until September 1844. Parallels in the development of Anne Elizabeth, born 2 March 1841, were also …
- … the record breaks off until January 1852, by which time the Darwin family had increased by five: …
- … the onset of frowning, smiling, etc., as was the focus of Darwin’s attention on William and Anne, …
- … of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
- … all the notes until July 1856, when the observations ceased. Darwin’s later entries, like Emma’s, …
- … Transcription: 1 [9] W. Erasmus. Darwin born. Dec. 27 th . 1839.—[10] During first week. …
- … 35 & to take a crust, when their pudding was finished.— Elizabeth[45] remarked him careful …
- … flower garden perceived them, said they were not Dziver’s (Elizabeth’s) flowers. ie were not natural …
- … very contradictory; by mistake he one day graciously gave Elizabeth a kiss, but repenting said …
- … to Anne and Henrietta were added considerably later; Anne Elizabeth was born in 1841 and Henrietta …
- … by Emma Darwin. [29] Caroline Sarah Wedgwood, Elizabeth (Bessy) Wedgwood, and Josiah Wedgwood …
- … by CD or Emma Darwin. It is perhaps in the hand of Sarah Elizabeth (Elizabeth) Wedgwood who, …
- … Nonsense words— shyness with me—’. [45] Sarah Elizabeth (Elizabeth) Wedgwood, Emma Darwin’s …
- … , 2: 80–1). According to Freeman 1978, her full name was Elizabeth Harding, but no source for this …
- … as a child (H. E. Litchfield papers, CUL). [60] Elizabeth Darwin, born 1847. She was always …
Women and Science
Summary
Darwin’s correspondence sheds light on a community of women who participated - often routinely - in the nineteenth-century scientific community. In the correspondence women can be found making observations, conducting experiments, undertaking fieldwork,…
Matches: 3 hits
- … Darwin’s correspondence sheds light on a community of women who participated …
- … providing samples and engaging in critical discussion about Darwin’s works. Darwin’s attitude …
- … the audio interview with Professor Tina Gianquitto Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Mary …
Emma Darwin
Summary
Emma Darwin, Charles Darwin's wife and first cousin, was born Emma Wedgwood, the eighth and youngest child of Josiah Wedgwood II and Bessy Allen. Her father was the eldest son of the famous pottery manufacturer, Josiah Wedgwood I. Her mother was one…
Matches: 5 hits
- … Emma Darwin, Charles Darwin's wife and first cousin, was born Emma Wedgwood, the eighth and …
- … father's eldest sister, Susannah, had married Robert Waring Darwin of Shrewsbury, and had six …
- … children were born (Mary, Henrietta Emma, George Howard, Elizabeth, Francis, Leonard, Horace, and …
- … Grove, Huntingdon Road, where she lived with her daughter Elizabeth. Francis, George, and Horace …
- … home. A great deal of her correspondence survives in the Darwin Archive–CUL, along with her …
Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots
Summary
Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…
Matches: 17 hits
- … There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website. The full texts …
- … 27 of the print edition of The correspondence of Charles Darwin , published by Cambridge …
- … to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an …
- … the sensitivity of the tips. Despite this breakthrough, when Darwin first mentioned the book to his …
- … 1879 ). He was also unsatisfied with his account of Erasmus Darwin, declaring, ‘My little biography …
- … a holiday in the Lake District in August did little to raise Darwin’s spirits. ‘I wish that my …
- … W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26] July [1879] ). From July, Darwin had an additional worry: the …
- … that his grandfather had felt the same way. In 1792, Erasmus Darwin had written: ‘The worst thing I …
- … contained a warmer note and the promise of future happiness: Darwin learned he was to be visited by …
- … Hacon, 31 December 1879 ). Seventy years old Darwin’s seventieth birthday on 12 …
- … the veteran of Modern Zoology’, but it was in Germany that Darwin was most fêted. A German …
- … ). The masters of Greiz College in Thuringia venerated Darwin as ‘the deep thinker’, while …
- … accepted in Germany. ‘On this festive day’, Haeckel told Darwin, ‘you can look back, with justified …
- … Hermann Müller wrote on 12 February to wish Darwin a ‘long and serene evening of life’. This …
- … on the theory of development in connection with Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. Kosmos was, as …
- … Darwin, 28 May [1879] ). On the Galton side of the family, Elizabeth Anne Wheler, who was pleased …
- … In August, Bernard accompanied his grandparents, Aunt Elizabeth (Bessy) Darwin, and Henrietta and …
Volume appendices
Summary
Here is a list of the appendices from the print volumes of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin with links to adapted online versions where they are available. Appendix I in each volume contains translations of letters in foreign languages and these can…
Matches: 15 hits
- … from the print volumes of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin with links to adapted online …
- … When not specified Appendix II is a chronology of Darwin’s life in the period covered by the volume, …
- … 1 II Darwin’s Beagle records 1 III …
- … 1 V Darwin’s early notes on coral reef formation …
- … 2 IV Darwin’s notes on marriage 2 V …
- … 2 VI Darwin and William Kemp on the vitality of seeds …
- … 3 III Darwin’s notes arising from conversations with Joseph Dalton Hooker …
- … 4 II Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia 4 …
- … 5 II Death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin …
- … 6 III Dates of composition of Darwin’s manuscript on species …
- … 7 III Abstract of Darwin’s species theory …
- … 7 V Death of Charles Waring Darwin 7 VI …
- … 9 V Correspondence between Erasmus Darwin and Josiah Wedgwood I, concerning …
- … 9 X Darwin's memoir of John Stevens Henslow …
- … 10 IX Diplomas presented to Charles Darwin …
Who we were
Summary
Many people have contributed to the Darwin Correspondence Project since it was first founded in 1974. Some names are now lost to us, and we would appreciate hearing from anyone who has contributed in the past and is not listed here. The final staff of…
Matches: 19 hits
- … Many people have contributed to the Darwin Correspondence Project since it was first founded in 1974 …
- … past and is not listed here. The final staff of the Darwin Correspondence Project were based …
- … (Director) Jim Secord has served as Director of the Darwin Correspondence Project since 2006. …
- … for 2013-15 was Head of Department. Besides his work for the Darwin Project, his research is on the …
- … of Science Society, and he has edited a selection of Darwin’s evolutionary writings in the …
- … of the autobiographical Recollections and responses to Darwin’s books from around the world. …
- … a PhD from Cambridge. She curated the University Library’s Darwin Bicentenary exhibition, and edited …
- … for the day-to-day management of all aspects of the Darwin Project, including its outreach programme …
- … with CUP production editors. She is the author of Darwin and women: a selection of letters . …
- … for the production of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin volumes, including in-house …
- … University Library). In addition to his duties at the Darwin Correspondence Project, Hawkins is also …
- … Project in 2000, she has become an enthusiastic follower of Darwin’s botanical work as well. Her …
- … Francis has curated a number of exhibitions, including ‘Darwin the Geologist’ a permanent exhibit …
- … and co-curated ‘Curious Objects’ (2016—17) and ‘Darwin in Conversation’ (2022) at Cambridge …
- … worked as assistant editor on the first seven volumes of Darwin’s correspondence. The focus of her …
- … and skill in nineteenth-century natural history. Elizabeth Smith (Associate Editor - …
- … study through the unique insight they offer of Darwin’s life and times. She established ‘Exploring …
- … entitled ‘For the Curious’ to explore the aspects of Darwin’s work and life that she was most …
- … staff and associates who have contributed to the work of the Darwin Correspondence Project since its …
Death of Annie Darwin
Summary
The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern. Charles is with her, but Emma, heavily pregnant, has to stay behind at Down.
Matches: 1 hits
- … The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern. Charles is with her, but …
Life of Erasmus Darwin
Summary
The Life of Erasmus Darwin (1879) was a curious departure for Darwin. It was intended as a biographical note to accompany an essay on Erasmus's scientific work by the German writer Ernst Krause. But Darwin became immersed in his grandfather's…
Matches: 19 hits
- … scientific work by the German writer Ernst Krause. But Darwin became immersed in his grandfather& …
- … his grandfather's mind and character. To compose the work, Darwin gathered materials and …
- … book into grist for controversy. In February 1879, Darwin received an unusual birthday …
- … an essay by Ernst Krause on the evolutionary ideas of Darwin's grandfather. Darwin was familiar …
- … poems, The Botanic Garden and Temple of Nature . But Darwin had never known his grandfather, …
- … '; ' It piles up the glory and would please Francis '. Darwin's cousin, …
- … 'men of science'. The biographical sketch was thus a way for Darwin to trace his own …
- … character. Once a celebrated poet and philosopher, Erasmus Darwin's fame had declined sharply …
- … wholly & shamefully ignorant of my grandfathers life ', Darwin wrote to Krause on 14 March …
- … storehouse of private thoughts and experiences. Reading it, Darwin said, was like ' having …
- … Priory where he resided at his death, both appeared in Darwin's Life . & …
- … word “benevolent” has always been associated with Dr. Darwin by his friends '. She recalled an …
- … colourful tales were exchanged in letters. Another cousin, Elizabeth Wheler, told the story of a …
- … bedside & made him a sign to be silent. He then said “Dr. Darwin I am the Jockey who is to ride …
- … just at the last, & come in third or fourth'. Darwin tried to verify such tales …
- … to rob him '. Again, the story was told most vividly by Elizabeth Wheler: ' Dr. D. was …
- … in the Life , pp. 63–5. One of Darwin's aims in assembling these episodes …
- … which had been tarnished by previous biographies. Many of Darwin's relations had expressed …
- … her facts till they almost ceased to be true', wrote Elizabeth Wheler. ' My Mother always …
Virginia Isitt: Darwin’s secretary?
Summary
In an undated and incomplete draft letter to a “Miss I.”, Emma Darwin appears to be arranging for Miss I. to come to Down for a trial period as a secretary. When the letter first came to light, no one had heard of the mysterious “Miss I.” and, as far as we…
Matches: 10 hits
- … undated and incomplete draft letter to a “Miss I.”, Emma Darwin appears to be arranging for Miss I. …
- … of the mysterious “Miss I.” and, as far as we knew, Darwin never employed a secretary. Members of …
- … carefully return them to you— It is so very doubtful Mr Darwin being able to dictate to his own …
- … Station at any hour of the afternoon that you will fix— Mr Darwin is so m[uch]. of an invalid that I …
- … us but I hope you will A second letter in the Darwin Archive–CUL (DAR 219.9: 95), …
- … a Virginia Lavinia Isitt who was headmistress of the Port Elizabeth Collegiate School in South …
- … sister, Emily Jesse, and headmistress at the Port Elizabeth Collegiate School; he had been unaware …
- … education at the Convent College in Arras. In 1871, Darwin was receiving letters relating to …
- … situation. There is no further mention of Virigina Isitt in Darwin’s correspondence, nor has …
- … and not many years later she became headmistress at Port Elizabeth. It would be pleasant to think …
George Keen
Summary
George Keen (1794–1884) was born in England. He had arrived in Buenos Aires by 1820, making him one of the earliest settlers from Britain. In 1821 he married Mary Yates (1802/3–72), the sister of John, William and Elizabeth Yates, another family of early…
