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Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments
Summary
The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…
Matches: 28 hits
- … In 1865, the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of The …
- … However, several smaller projects came to fruition in 1865, including the publication of his long …
- … of Hugh Falconer Darwin’s first letter to Hooker of 1865 suggests that the family had had a …
- … the house jolly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). Darwin was ready to submit his …
- … letter from Hugh Falconer to Erasmus Alvey Darwin, 3 January 1865 ). Erasmus forwarded his letters …
- … laboured in vain’ ( letter to Hugh Falconer, 6 January [1865] ). Sic transit gloria …
- … the world goes.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 2 February [1865] ). However, Hooker, at the time …
- … are unalloyed’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 3 February 1865 ). Darwin, now ‘haunted’ by …
- … with a vengeance’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February [1865] ). Continuing ill-health …
- … to try anyone’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). He particularly hated being ill …
- … of life. He wrote to Charles Lyell on 22 January [1865] , ‘unfortunately reading makes my head …
- … it up by early July ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, [10 July 1865] ). In July, he consulted …
- … bread & meat’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 15 August [1865] ). By October, Darwin thought he might be …
- … to Jones’s diet ( see letter to T. H. Huxley, 4 October [1865] ). It was not until December, …
- … hour on most days’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 December [1865] ). Delays and …
- … last & concluding one’ ( letter to John Murray, 31 March [1865] ). In April he authorised …
- … press in the autumn’ ( letter to John Murray, 4 April [1865] ). In early June, he wrote to Murray …
- … when I can do anything’ ( letter to John Murray, 2 June [1865] ). It was not until 25 December …
- … of the woodcuts ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). After sending the manuscript to the …
- … like tartar emetic’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 January [1865] ). An abstract of the paper …
- … for it is your child’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 19 April 1865 ; Darwin noted at the beginning of …
- … the Linnean Society ( letter to [Richard Kippist], 4 June [1865] ). The paper was published in a …
- … November 1864 ( Correspondence vol. 12, letter to Ernst Haeckel, 21 November [1864] ). Since …
- … German, he had it translated, and wrote to Müller in August 1865 that he had just finished hearing …
- … letter from Fritz Müller, [12 and 31 August, and 10 October 1865] ; since it is impossible to …
- … clearly understand (l etter to Daniel Oliver, 20 October [1865] ). Darwin was particularly …
- … scientific work’ ( letter to Fritz Müller, 20 September [1865] ), he clearly read Müller’s letters …
- … from sea-sickness ( letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 ). This may have been unwise: Thomas …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 4 hits
- … his poor health so frequently in correspondence that Ernst Haeckel inferred that he was well from …
- … ), preferring to attack Mivart in print, as in his review of Ernst Haeckel’s Anthropogenie in …
- … of Darwin’s work. His controversial German admirer, Ernst Haeckel, sent the fifth edition of his …
- … educated persons here in Germany’ ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 20 December 1874 ). …
Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex
Summary
The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…
Matches: 4 hits
- … take the form of a ‘short essay’ on man ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 3 July 1868 ). But this work …
- … been advertised by the publisher John Murray as early as 1865, the two-volume work appeared in …
- … different order of pride was expressed on 9 November by Ernst Haeckel on the birth of his son …
- … Lepus Darwinii in honour of his hero ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 22 June 1868 ). Darwin …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 9 hits
- … among them Robert Caspary, John Traherne Moggridge, and Ernst Haeckel, and also a meeting with …
- … January [1866] ). Darwin had first consulted Jones in July 1865 and attributed his improved health …
- … a preliminary sketch of pangenesis to Thomas Henry Huxley in 1865 (see Correspondence vol. 13), and …
- … Agassiz undertook an ambitious expedition to Brazil in 1865 and 1866, partly with a view to finding …
- … prevailed over considerations of health in this case. Ernst Haeckel Nor could Darwin …
- … eulogium which it has ever received’ ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 18 August [1866] ). Darwin clearly …
- … copies of his earlier botanical publications at the end of 1865, Darwin wrote in January 1866, …
- … of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in December 1865. Despite concerns about the ongoing …
- … support the Jamaica Committee, which had formed in December 1865 to lobby for the criminal …
Was Darwin an ecologist?
Summary
One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.
Matches: 21 hits
- … was coined by the German scientist and theorist Ernst Haeckel in 1866. ‘By ecology, we mean the …
- … the broad sense, all the “conditions of existence.”’ (Ernst Haeckel, Generelle Morphologie 2: 286; …
- … and some of his correspondents complained mildly about Haeckel’s propensity for making up words, but …
- … appeared in English in E. Ray Lankester’s translation of Haeckel’s History of creation in 1876; it …
- … in his letters. However, Darwin’s Origin of species was Haeckel’s primary inspiration for his …
- … of organisms to their environment for some time before Haeckel thought of a word for the activity; …
- … will no doubt continue to change in the future. Indeed, when Haeckel coined the term ecology he …
- … and left such study to an ‘uncritical’ natural history (Haeckel 1866, 2: 286–7; see also Stauffer …
- … Darwin’s caution is evident in his correspondence with Haeckel, himself a passionate theorist who …
- … upheaval that he was confident Darwin’s work would cause. Haeckel acknowledged himself to have been …
- … on me, as your theory of the evolution of species’, Haeckel wrote to Darwin on 9 July 1864 . ‘In …
- … to know nature as she really is.’ It seems from Haeckel’s letter that what most struck him …
- … history of creation’. Darwin’s response to Haeckel’s request for an account of his great …
- … fact it must have been obvious to everyone except, perhaps, Haeckel himself, that Darwin’s aims and …
- … barnacles, and in botany. In the correspondence between Haeckel and Darwin, the importance of Darwin …
- … 1867. The reign of law. London: Alexander Strahan. Haeckel, Ernst. German zoologist. …
- … Lankester, Edwin Ray. Zoologist, and translator of Haeckel’s Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. …
- … . London: John Murray. Darwin, Charles. 1865. On the movements and habits of climbing …
- … by D. Levey, et al . New York: CABI Publishing. Haeckel, Ernst. 1866. Generelle …
- … . 2 vols. Berlin: Georg Reimer. Haeckel, Ernst. 1876. The history of creation: or the …
- … Richards, Robert J. 2008. The tragic sense of life: Ernst Haeckel and the struggle over …
Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute
Summary
Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…
Matches: 7 hits
- … supporters to write to his most vociferous German champion, Ernst Haeckel, to encourage him to tone …
- … started in January 1860, and advertised in the press since 1865 with the unwieldy title, …
- … apparently discussing it or showing it to anyone until 1865, when he sent a version of it to Huxley, …
- … a book based on a series of articles that had appeared in 1865. In it he challenged aspects of …
- … one of his most devoted supporters, the German zoologist Ernst Haeckel, to moderate his public …
- … of the truth of his own conclusions’ ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 12 April [1867] ). All …
- … vol. 13, letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 February [1865] and n. 4). Darwin’s wife and children also …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 4 hits
- … which Darwin submitted to the Linnean Society in January 1865. Climbers and twiners …
- … by a former governess at Down House, Camilla Ludwig. From Ernst Haeckel, Darwin learned of the …
- … called me her German “Darwin–Mann” ’ ( letter from Ernst Haeckel, 10 August 1864 ). Haeckel sent …
- … says when I read his discussion in the Elements [C. Lyell 1865] I shall recant for fifth time’ ( …
Interview with John Hedley Brooke
Summary
John Hedley Brooke is President of the Science and Religion Forum as well as the author of the influential Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives (Cambridge University Press, 1991). He has had a long career in the history of science and…
Matches: 3 hits
- … And you refer to a letter from Joseph Hooker to Darwin in 1865 in which he notes the pain and …
- … aggressive stance ? one typified, say, by Thomas Huxley or Ernst Haeckel ? are these people more …
- … in the 19th century or whether we should look to Huxley and Haeckel and others as being more typical …
3.5 William Darwin, photo 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s son William, who had become a banker in Southampton, took the opportunity of a short visit home to Down House in April 1864 to photograph his father afresh. This half-length portrait was the first to show Darwin with a…
Matches: 3 hits
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …
Forms of flowers
Summary
Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…
Matches: 3 hits
- … varieties from Scott, Darwin repeated the experiments in 1865, but with ‘ widely different results …
- … lungwort also known as blue cowslip. He told Gray in October 1865 that with respect to its own …
- … 2 papers on the fertilization of plants ’, Darwin told Ernst Haeckel in February 1868. The first of …
