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Darwin Correspondence Project

From A. D. Austin   6 November 1877

Invercargill, New Zealand,

Nov. 6, 1877.

To Charles Darwin, Esq.

Sir,—

Although a perfect stranger to you, and living on the reverse side of the globe, I have taken the liberty of writing to you on a small discovery I have made in binocular vision in the stereoscope. I find by taking two ordinary carte-de-visite photos of two different persons’ faces, the portraits being about the same sizes and looking about the same direction, and placing them in a stereoscope, the faces blend into one in a most remarkable manner, producing in the case of some ladies’ portraits in every instance a decided improvement in beauty. The pictures were not taken in a binocular camera, and therefore do not stand out well, but by moving one or both until the eyes coincide in the stereoscope, the pictures blend perfectly. If taken in a binocular camera for the purpose, each person being taken on one half of the negative, I am sure the results would be still more striking. Perhaps something might be made of this in regard to the expression of emotions in man and the lower animals, &c.1 I have not time or opportunities to make experiments, but it seems to me something might be made of this by photographing the faces of different animals, different races of mankind, &c. I think a stereoscopic view of one of the ape tribe and some low caste human face would make a very curious mixture; also in the matter of crossing of animals and the resulting offspring. It seems to me something also might result in photos of husband and wife and children, &c. In any case the results are curious if it leads to nothing else. Should this come to anything you will no doubt acknowledge myself as suggesting the experiment and perhaps send me some of the results. If not likely to come to anything a reply would much oblige me.2

Yours very truly, | A. L. Austin, C.E., F.R.A.S.3

Footnotes

Austin alludes to CD’s book Expression, which made innovative use of photography (see Prodger 1998).
CD’s reply has not been found. The subject had already been taken up by Francis Galton, who published this letter in his paper read before the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland in April 1878 (Galton 1878). Galton used multiple exposures of existing photographs to make a new composite image in order to observe typical characteristics; he also noticed that composite photographs were more beautiful than the originals.
A. L. was evidently a misprint for or misreading of A. D.; Austin was a civil engineer and fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Bibliography

Expression: The expression of the emotions in man and animals. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872.

Galton, Francis. 1878. Composite portraits. Nature, 23 May 1878, pp. 97–100.

Prodger, Phillip. 1998. Photography and The expression of the emotions. In The expression of the emotions in man and animals, by Charles Darwin, edited by Paul Ekman. London: HarperCollins.

Summary

His discovery that in the binocular vision of the stereoscope faces can be blended with decided improvement in beauty. Suggests the possibility of experiments in thus photographing the faces of animals, different races and orders of men.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-11226A
From
Albert Duncan Austin
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Invercargill, New Zealand
Source of text
Galton 1878, p. 98

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 11226A,” accessed on 28 March 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-11226A.xml

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