To John Wickham Flower 23 March [1851]
Summary
Thanks JWF for [cirripede] fossils; one species seems from a new formation.
Regrets that his health makes it necessary to decline an invitation.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Wickham Flower |
| Date: | 23 Mar [1851] |
| Classmark: | Harry Ransom Center, The University of Texas at Austin |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1075 |
To Josiah Wedgwood III [after 12 July 1851]
Summary
Inquires about the nature of some money recently paid to him.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Josiah Wedgwood, III |
| Date: | [after 12 July 1851] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.10: 16 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1213 |
To Edward Forbes [1 May – 5 June 1851]
Summary
Comments on MS by C. S. Bate. Bate not aware of other work on Cirripedia; cites Bate’s errors. Would Bate allow CD to use his drawings in Living Cirripedia? [See Living Cirripedia 1: 9–16.]
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Edward Forbes |
| Date: | [1 May – 5 June 1851] |
| Classmark: | DAR 144: 131 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1214 |
To John Richardson 4 November [1851]
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Richardson |
| Date: | 4 Nov [1851] |
| Classmark: | J. A. Stargardt (dealers) (26–7 June 2007) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1267F |
To Charles Spence Bate 13 June [1851]
Summary
Thanks CSB for drawings of [cirripede] larva and for permission to cite unpublished paper ["On the development of the cirripedes", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. 8 (1851): 324–32]. Describes method of preserving specimens. Mentions Balanus common on tidal rocks at Tenby.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Spence Bate |
| Date: | 13 June [1851] |
| Classmark: | DAR 143: 44 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1340 |
To C. S. Bate 18 August [1851]
Summary
Thanks CSB for cirripede larvae.
Has been unwell.
Cannot see transverse articulation referred to and does not believe in it.
Sends species synonyms.
Discussion of Chthamalinae.
Suggests using asphalt to seal specimen containers.
Comments on mouth of larva.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Spence Bate |
| Date: | 18 Aug [1851] |
| Classmark: | DAR 143: 45 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1345 |
From J. D. Hooker [c. April 1851]
Summary
Wants catalogue of small islands that contain peculiar plants. Thinks complete floras of islands in various stages of depression [subsidence] would provide good data.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [c. Apr 1851] |
| Classmark: | DAR 100: 164 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1382 |
To John Edward Gray [January 1851]
Summary
Is coming tomorrow to see Lorenz Spengler on cirripedes [Auserlesne Schnecken, Muscheln und andre Schaalthiere (1758)] and the remaining sessile cirripedes in the collection. Has finished Balanus.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Edward Gray |
| Date: | [Jan 1851] |
| Classmark: | Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (Zoology letters 2: 57) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1383 |
To Charles Lyell [8 April 1851]
Summary
Detailed critique of CL’s A manual of elementary geology [3d ed. (1851), used in editing 4th ed. (1852)].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
| Date: | [8 Apr 1851] |
| Classmark: | Kinnordy MS (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1384 |
To John Mumford 1 January 1851
Summary
Receipt for £3 5s, proceeds of a lecture, for the Down Coal and Clothing Club.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Mumford |
| Date: | 1 Jan 1851 |
| Classmark: | The Royal Society (LUB: D17) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1385 |
To Rowland Hill 6 January 1851
Summary
Drawings of the apteryx in three positions.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Rowland Hill, 2d Viscount Hill |
| Date: | 6 Jan 1851 |
| Classmark: | Sotheby’s, New York (dealers) (2006) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1385F |
To James de Carle Sowerby 21 January [1851]
Summary
CD is pleased with plates [for Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)]; most corrections need only a touch. Requests revises soon and asks how much he owes.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 21 Jan [1851] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1386 |
To Robert Fitch 24 January [1851]
Summary
Collection of fossil cirripedes to be returned. Would RF be willing to donate duplicates to the British Museum?
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Robert Fitch |
| Date: | 24 Jan [1851] |
| Classmark: | Norwich Castle |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1387 |
To J. de C. Sowerby 10 February [1851]
Summary
CD likes the plates [for Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)] except pl. I [Scalpellum], which calls for several revisions; he sees that not all corrections were made, but assumes they called for too extensive changes.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 10 Feb [1851] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1388 |
To J. de C. Sowerby 13 February [1851]
Summary
CD appreciates JdeCS’s care. Sends specimens, noting points to be observed. He adds that the figures which have been most troublesome are those of which drawings were made [for Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 13 Feb [1851] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1389 |
To William Jackson Hooker 17 February [1851]
Summary
Encloses letter from J. D. Hooker. Glad he will soon be home.
Everyone will be astonished at oaks and birches of tropics.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Jackson Hooker |
| Date: | 17 Feb [1851] |
| Classmark: | Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1390 |
To J. de C. Sowerby 19 February [1851]
Summary
Comments on JdeCS’s plates [for Fossil Cirripedia (Lepadidae)]. Asks if JdeCS can lend him specimens of fossil Balanidae.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | James de Carle Sowerby |
| Date: | 19 Feb [1851] |
| Classmark: | Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1391 |
To S. P. Woodward 3 March [1851]
Summary
Cirripede fossil specimens returned.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Samuel Pickworth Woodward |
| Date: | 3 Mar [1851] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1392 |
To William Harris 4 March [1851]
Summary
Has finished the last proof of his monograph [Fossil Lepadidae] and returns WH’s specimens. Has named two new species from the collection.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Harris |
| Date: | 4 Mar [1851] |
| Classmark: | The British Library (Add MS 42579: 233–4) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1393 |
To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society 4 March [1851]
Summary
Asks EL to request the Council [of the Ray Society] to permit him to have nine plates [for vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia] instead of eight (of which two were to be in colour) and a tenth plate if he pays for it himself.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Edwin Lankester; Ray Society |
| Date: | 4 Mar [1851] |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1395 |
| letter | (100) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (83) |
| Darwin, Emma | (6) |
| Wedgwood, Emma | (6) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (3) |
| Darwin, Catherine | (2) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (17) |
| Darwin, Emma | (8) |
| Wedgwood, Emma | (8) |
| Lankester, Edwin | (7) |
| Ray Society | (7) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (100) |
| Darwin, Emma | (14) |
| Wedgwood, Emma | (14) |
| Lankester, Edwin | (7) |
| Ray Society | (7) |
The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin
Summary
Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851. Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…
Matches: 5 hits
- … Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851. Emma was heavily pregnant with …
- … expired at Malvern at 1 Midday on the 23 d . of April 1851.— I write these few pages, as I …
- … her dear joyous face. Blessings on her.— April 30. 1851. Notes: 1 …
- … Darwin’s reaction to her sister’s death Aug. 1851. Etty nearly 8 years old. She appeared for …
- … Annie's illness and death To W. D. Fox, [ 27 March 1851 ] To Emma Darwin, [17 …
Our poor dear dear child: To Emma Darwin, [23 April 1851]
Summary
Marsha Richmond shares her experiences of editing the very moving letters Darwin wrote to his wife Emma about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10.
Matches: 1 hits
- … about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10. …
Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia
Summary
Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…
Matches: 12 hits
- … he explained in the preface to Living Cirripedia (1851): vii, ‘to have described only a single …
- … In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an …
- … parts of the mature animal.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 25). As a basis for his homologies, …
- … in the various genera of Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 286–7), which he later …
- … the highest classificatory value’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 285).^12^ For delineating …
- … the cement glands of the organism ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 20). This association suggested to …
- … feel no hesitation in advancing it. ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 37–8) In Living …
- … belonging to the same species!’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 293)—this discovery was unique in the …
- … devoted the first sixty-five pages of Living Cirripedia (1851), and a lengthy section in …
- … by a letter he wrote to Charles Spence Bate, 13 June [1851] ( Correspondence vol. 5), in …
- … mentioned both Coral reefs and Living Cirripedia (1851), but it was the latter work that …
- … to the analogy with plants in Living Cirripedia (1851): 214: ‘Although the existence of …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 24 hits
- … pages of text copied from Notebook C and carries on through 1851; the second (DAR 128) continues the …
- … from Parent to offspring of some Forms of Disease. 1851 [Whitehead 1851]. Packard. A Guide to …
- … [Malcolm 1836] H. Dixon Life of Pen [W. H. Dixon 1851].— Southeys Life of Wesley [R. …
- … Humboldt 1849]. Liebigs Lectures on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Sir John Davies. China …
- … Steenstrup on Hermaphroditismus [Steenstrup 1846]. 1851. Jan. 6 th . Pickering Races …
- … 1850].— April 5 Manual of Geology Lyell [Lyell 1851] —— 30 Annales des Sc. Phys. de …
- … nothing July 16 th Dixon. Pigeons [E. S. Dixon 1851].— Dec. 26. Count Odart’s …
- … Wilkie [Cunningham 1843] [DAR 119: 23b] 1851 Jan 27. M. Martineau. …
- … 1844]. good London Labour & London Poor [Mayhew 1851].— Missionary Life in Canada …
- … July 1 st . Edwardes Year in Punjaub [Edwardes 1851] good 16 Gleig’s Life of Clive [Gleig …
- … 15. Liebig Familiar letters on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Nov. 15 th Wilson Voyage. Scotland …
- … [DAR *128: 182] 83 Jury Report. Exhibition of 1851 on silk-worms & sheep, selection …
- … et de ses ràces ou varietes 8 o . 12. p. 1 Pl. Poitiers 1851. Chez H. Oudin [Mauduyt 1851] Read …
- … of Madeira with list of Birds ( some migratory ) [Harcourt 1851]. Yarrell has (read) Rev d …
- … Horticulture, Floriculture and Natural Science ] (1850? 1851?) must positively be read 96 …
- … 1852] grand illustrated work on Legumes [?Vilmorin-Andrieux 1851–7] 110 [DAR *128: 154] …
- … March 26. Gosse’s Sojourn in Jamaica [Gosse 1851] April 30 Journal of Horticultural Soc of …
- … 1852 . Feb. 1. Emigrants Manual [Burton 1851] March 10 th Hind’s Solar System …
- … Man’s Nature & Development [Atkinson and Martineau 1851] —— 25 Head. Home Tour …
- … of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia ] Vol I to V 1851 M. Edwards. Introduction …
- … —— 13 th Neale’s Residences in Siam [Neale 1851] 22 Sir J. Davis China during War and …
- … 1853] (excellent) —— 23 Howitts Victoria [Howitt 1851] part of (poor) Oct 7 th Sir …
- … 28 th . Delineations of the Ox Tribe &c by George Vasey. 1851 [Vasey 1851]. May 28. …
- … June 8 th Sketch of Madeira by E. Vernon Harcourt p. 1851 [Harcourt 1851] —— 11 Busk …
Living and fossil cirripedia
Summary
Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…
Matches: 5 hits
- … four volumes on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and …
- … made to the plates, but even close to publication in early 1851, Darwin told Sowerby, ‘ I like the …
- … books. ’ When the first fossil monograph appeared in June 1851, it was the third part of volume 5 …
- … of the living species; having finished writing in July 1851 , he corrected proof-sheets from …
- … the first volume of Living Cirripedia bears the date 1851, it did not appear until January …
Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles
Summary
Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…
Matches: 3 hits
- … confusing sub-class of Crustacea, Living Cirripedia (1851, 1854) and Fossil Cirripedia (1851 …
- … dioecious plants from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at …
- … he justified in a lengthy footnote (Living Cirripedia (1851): 293 n.). The problem that bothered …
Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter
Summary
The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…
1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph
Summary
< Back to Introduction This striking portrait of Darwin, dating from 1849, belonged to a series of about sixty lithographic portraits of naturalists and other scientists drawn by Thomas Herbert Maguire. They were successively commissioned over a…
Matches: 5 hits
- … the small impression that can be purchased.’ In 1851 the scope of the project was expanded …
- … in securing the Association’s decision to hold its July 1851 meeting in Ipswich. Furthermore, this …
- … When Prince Albert himself visited the Ipswich conference in 1851 amid great celebrations, he too …
- … Letter from Ransome to Michael Faraday, 6 June 1851, in Frank A.J.L. James (ed.), The …
- … of Science’, dated from Ipswich, Times (3 July 1851), p. 5. ‘Visit of Prince Albert to Ipswich’, …
Alexander Burns Usborne
Summary
Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…
George Robert Waterhouse
Summary
George Waterhouse was born on 6 March 1810 in Somers Town, North London. His father was a solicitor’s clerk and an amateur lepidopterist. George was educated from 1821-24 at Koekelberg near Brussels. On his return he worked for a time as an apprentice to…
Matches: 1 hits
- … branch. Waterhouse became keeper of mineralogy in 1851 and keeper of geology in 1856, where he added …
Darwin and Fatherhood
Summary
Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…
Bartholomew James Sulivan
Summary
On Christmas Day 1866, Bartholomew Sulivan sat down to write a typically long and chatty letter to his old friend, Charles Darwin, commiserating on shared ill-health, glorying in the achievements of their children, offering to collect plant specimens, and…
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …
John Murray
Summary
Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…
Matches: 1 hits
- … publications, his barnacle books ( Fossil Cirripedia (1851 and 1854) and Living Cirripedia …
People featured in the Dutch photograph album
Summary
List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…
George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)
Summary
George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…
Matches: 1 hits
- … responsible for the magazine's success at that time. In 1851 she met the philosopher, writer …
Thomas Henry Huxley
Summary
Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…
Death of Annie Darwin
Summary
The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern. Charles is with her, but Emma, heavily pregnant, has to stay behind at Down.
Matches: 1 hits
- … The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern. Charles is with her, but Emma …
Horace Darwin born
Summary
Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born …
About Darwin
Summary
To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection. But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … in his sense of loss when his daughter Annie died in 1851. Darwin was educated at the …
