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From Caroline Shuttleworth   27 November [1871–80?]

Summary

Reports peculiar behaviour in a fantail pigeon, which persistently courted a ginger-beer bottle.

Author:  Caroline Jemima (Caroline) Shuttleworth
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Nov [1871-80]
Classmark:  DAR 177: 158
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13840

To ?   18 November [1871–81]

Summary

"With Mr. Charles Darwin’s compliments enclosing one guinea."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Unidentified
Date:  18 Nov [1871–81]
Classmark:  Swann Auction Galleries (dealers) (14 September 1993)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13887

From L. C. Wedgwood   20 November [1871]

Summary

Displays in turkeys.

Author:  Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Nov [1871]
Classmark:  DAR 181: 62
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7377

To John Phillips   [November–December 1871?]

Summary

Thanks for note concerning JP’s new book [Geology of Oxford (1871)].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Phillips
Date:  [Nov–Dec 1871?]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.623)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-7404

To W. E. Darwin   [after 11 November 1871]

Summary

Sends enclosure for Captain Jones.

Comments on essay by E. D. Cope ["On the origin of genera", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20 (1868): 242–300].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [after 11 Nov 1871]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.502)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8039

To H. E. Litchfield   [after 5] November 1871

Summary

CD is "more than pleased" by what R. B. Litchfield said of him. Congratulates HEL on having "so noble a husband".

All were "profoundly" interested by HEL’s account [of their welcome at the Working Men’s College].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  [after 5] Nov 1871
Classmark:  Emma Darwin (1904) 2: 251–2; DAR 153: 79
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8040

From W. E. Darwin   6 November 1871

Summary

Will send back proofs of Origin 6th ed.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Nov 1871
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 46)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8040F

To W. E. Darwin   [after 5 November 1871]

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Summary

Writes about proof-correcting by WED [of Origin, 6th ed.].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [after 5 Nov 1871]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 135
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8041

From W. E. Darwin   [19 November 1871]

Summary

Sends comments from himself and Erasmus Darwin on proofs of chapter 7 of Origin 6th ed.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [19 Nov 1871]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 37)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8041F

To W. E. Darwin   [November 1871]

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Summary

Explains some proof-correcting symbols to be used by WED [on Origin, 6th ed. proofs?].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [Nov 1871]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 136
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8042

From F. E. Abbot   1 November 1871

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Summary

For CD’s approval, cites passage from CD note he wants to quote in a lecture;

pleads for CD’s moral support for FEA’s work in free-thought movement.

Sends $50 [dollars or pounds!?] because he wants CD to become regular contributor to Index.

Author:  Francis Ellingwood Abbot
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 159: 3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8043

From R. F. Cooke   1 November 1871

Summary

Suggests CD have Origin [6th ed.] stereotyped.

Will sell out remaining copies of Descent at forthcoming trade sale, print off 500 or 1000 more, and then have the type distributed.

14 copies of C. Wright’s pamphlet have been sold.

Author:  Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 171: 404
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8044

To John Scott   1 November 1871

Summary

JS should not consider repaying CD; the money was a gift, not a loan.

JS’s information on expression is the best he has received.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott
Date:  1 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 185: 111
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8045

To Osbert Salvin   1 November [1871]

Summary

He appreciates the two specimens [skins of Mergenetta and Aix sponsa], especially the Mergenetta, which as far as sifting is concerned, is a capital link between the shoveller and the common duck. Arrangements for their return.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Osbert Salvin
Date:  1 Nov [1871]
Classmark:  Sybil Rampen (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8045A

From J. D. Hooker   2 November 1871

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Summary

Henry Holland is taking an active part in helping JDH in the Ayrton affair.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 103: 96–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8046

To James Crichton-Browne   2 November [1871]

Summary

Asks JC-B to observe whether platysma muscle contracts during rigor or shivering fit.

Is just recommencing his essay on expression.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Crichton-Browne
Date:  2 Nov [1871]
Classmark:  DAR 143: 340
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8047

To W. E. Darwin   3 [November 1871]

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Summary

Is sending some proofs for correction by WED [6th ed. of Origin].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  3 [Nov 1871]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 133
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8048

From W. E. Darwin   [3 November 1871]

Summary

Apologises for not working very quickly on proofs. Comments on Huxley’s theological critique of Mivart.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [3 Nov 1871]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 40)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8048F

From Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen   3 November 1871

Summary

Wishes to translate Expression into Dutch.

Author:  Hermanus Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  3 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 184: 16
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8049

From G. J. Allman   4 November 1871

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Summary

Learned of CD’s interest in new facts bearing on origins of specific forms and sends proof sheets of his Monograph on tubularian hydroids [1871–2] stating his views on the descent of existing hydroids from ancient graptolites.

Author:  George James Allman
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 Nov 1871
Classmark:  DAR 159: 53
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8050
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The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … on the topic. Lyell also added the following note on page 11: *Mr. John Lubbock published …
  • … 2 have struck out Galton & Prestwich at p. 11 who will be surprisd [ sic ] to …
  • … had done ‘an injustice’ to Falconer and Prestwich. 11 In the same review Lubbock expressed …
  • … he took exception to the wording of the note on p. 11 of C. Lyell 1863c, which implied that Lubbock …
  • … The statement made by Sir Charles Lyell, in a note to page 11 of his work, that my article on the …
  • … of the note in the preface (letter to John Lubbock, 11 June [1865] ). No correspondence with …
  • … of the preface of C. Lyell 1863c and reworded the note on p. 11.  Unlike the earlier …
  • …  Lyell revised both the preface and the note on page 11 of the third edition of Antiquity of man …
  • … versions of the end of the preface and of the note on page 11 are included below.  Preface, C …
  • … as well as of the subsequent issues.” Note on page 11, C. Lyell 1863c (original version) …
  • … made by him in company with Mr. Busk. Note on page 11, C. Lyell 1863c (revised version) …
  • … in Letters, 1863 , (introduction to Correspondence vol. 11, pp. xv–xvii). For a comparison of …
  • … 1984, pp. 154–9. 7. See Correspondence vol. 11, letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] …
  • … Bartholomew 1973. 8. See Correspondence vol. 11, letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March …
  • … 18 April [1863 ]. 10. Correspondence vol. 11, letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March …
  • … (rough draft of letter from T. H. Huxley to Charles Lyell, 11 June 1865, Imperial College, Huxley …

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 7 hits

  • … German edition (see letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ). Since the publication of …
  • … & a few of importance’ (see letter to H. G. Bronn, 11 March [1862] ). Darwin had sent Bronn …
  • … letter from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). (No American edition …
  • … we shall immediately see)’.    Page xiv, n., line 11, delete ‘in the years 1794–5’.    …
  • … substitute for ‘but then  . . .  kinds of flowers.’: 11                    In just some of …
  • … sentence also appears in Origin 4th ed., p. 20. 11.  p. 56. This whole paragraph was …
  • … in Origin 4th ed., p. 449. 47.  p. 409–11. This passage also appears, with slight …

1.1 Ellen Sharples pastel

Summary

< Back to Introduction The earliest surviving portrayal of Darwin, who was born on 12 February 1809, is this pastel or chalk drawing by Ellen Wallace Sharples. He is shown kneeling chivalrously before his sister Catherine (born in 1810), in the kind…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Art Journal , 16:1 (Spring–Summer 1995), pp. 3–11. Julius Bryant (ed.), English Heritage …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel …
  • … review me in a hostile spirit’ ( letter to John Murray, 11 August 1874 ). Darwin was …
  • … Correspondence  vol. 20, letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). To Darwin’s relief, …
  • … the moment of being hatched ( letter to  Nature , 7 and 11 May [1874] ; Spalding 1872a). …
  • … & that must be enough for me’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). Plants that eat . …
  • … cartilage, bone & meat &c. &c.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox,  11 May [1874] ). His research …
  • … Correspondence  vol. 21, letter from Francis Darwin,  [11 October 1873] ). Darwin wasted …
  • … the photograph he sent highly ( letter from D. F. Nevill, [11 September 1874] ). At the …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … gave him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether …
  • … on  Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his experiments in …
  • … of Natural History’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). She had had assistance …
  • … for a second edition ( letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ), Darwin asked him to use …
  • … see letter from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). Yet Darwin was now …
  • … interest. He told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 11 September [1862] ): ‘This is a nice, but …
  • … from one parent’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). really good …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Blair, R.H. 11 July 1871 Worcester College for the …
  • … Chaumont, F.S.B.F. de 11 March 1871 Woolston, …
  • … 9 Nov 1870 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England …
  • … 1 Feb 1871 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England   …
  • … 7 Sept 1872 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England …
  • … 1 Feb. 1871 11 Saint Mary Abbot's Terrace, Kensington. W., London, …
  • … Sulivan, B.J. 11 Jan 1867 Bournemouth, England …
  • … Wallace, A. R. 11 March [1867] 9 St. Mark’s Crescent …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … regarding species change ( letter from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). The botanist Asa Gray, …
  • … by descent put him ‘into despair’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). In the same letter, he …
  • … bottom of seas, lakes, and rivers ( Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VII). Quarrels at …
  • … Academy of Sciences, Berlin (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix III), and of the Société des …
  • … unsuccessful ( see letter from E. A. Darwin to Emma Darwin, 11 November [1863] ). The council of …
  • … [9 May 1863] , and memorandum from G. H. Darwin, [before 11 May 1863]) . As he struggled …
  • … to drive the quietest man mad’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). Hooker and Gray agreed …
  • … tropical plants than before (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VI). He was fascinated with …
  • … pistils mature at different times ( see letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). The fertility of …
  • … ‘Crossing & Sterility’ (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix II). When Darwin finished, by …
  • … animal suffering caused by them (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix IX). Francis Darwin later …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … as not signifying so much.  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, …
  • … & that must be enough for me  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … man in his most "primitive wildness" ( letter to Henslow, 11 April 1833 ). They …
  • … Letter 204 : Darwin to Henslow, J. S., 11 April 1833 "The Fuegians are in a more …
  • … 98). Letter 2503 : Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, C., 11 October [1859] "the …
  • … Letter 2503 : Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, C., 11 October [1859] I suppose that you do not …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … St George Jackson Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart,  11 January [1872] ). A worsening …
  • … Mivart not to acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I hate …
  • … attacks on Darwin became notorious, had written on 11 May expressing concern that his recently, …
  • … well informed: `The die is cast’, he wrote excitedly on 11 May , when the matter was first raised …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … the popularity of his book, writing to Robert Cooke on 11 April , ‘though I believe it is of …
  • … for extended periods. In a letter to Thiselton-Dyer of 11 October , Darwin described how the …
  • … Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the …
  • … visits from distinguished persons. Gladstone came to Down on 11 March. ‘I expected a stern, …
  • … not been a difficulty to me,’ he replied to Romanes on 11 June , ‘as I have never believed in a …
  • … that they become quite tipsy’ ( letter to W. M. Moorsom, 11 September [1877] ). Moorsom replied …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 5 July [1873] ) Blackley wrote back on 11 July 1873 that the distinction had ‘a …
  • … research remained elusive.   He wrote to Darwin on 11 July 1873 : The problem of cure …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … to think of the future’, Darwin confessed to William on 11 September just hours after Amy’s …
  • … naturalist Thomas Edward ( letter from F. M. Balfour, 11 December 1876 ; letter to Samuel Smiles …
  • … who died at the age of 10 in 1851, but William, who was 11 years old at the time of her death, would …
  • … you are one of the best of all’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 11 September [1876] ). …
  • … do I cannot conceive’, Darwin wrote anxiously to Hooker on 11 September. By the time Darwin …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 10 hits

  • … in that little sheet of note-paper! DARWIN:  11   My dear Hooker… What a remarkably …
  • … 1 OCTOBER 1846 7  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER 11 JANUARY 1844 8  C DARWIN TO A …
  • … 10  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 24 AUGUST 1855 11  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 5 JUNE 1855 …
  • … 22 NOVEMBER 1856 29  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 APRIL 1861 30  A GRAY TO C …
  • … A GRAY, 23 SEPTEMBER 1858 58 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 11 OCTOBER 1858 59 A GRAY TO …
  • … HOOKER, 18 OCTOBER 1859 63  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 NOVEMBER 1859 64 JD …
  • … 13 NOVEMBER 1859 66  C DARWIN TO R OWEN, 11 NOVEMBER 1859 67  C DARWIN …
  • … 17 FEBRUARY 1861 111  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 DECEMBER 1861 112  C DARWIN …
  • … DARWIN TO A GRAY 28 MAY 1864 159  FROM A GRAY 11 JULY 1864 160  C DARWIN …
  • … TO A GRAY 28 JANUARY 1876 204  FROM A GRAY 11 DECEMBER 1874 205  TO A …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864 : ‘the venerable beard gives …
  • … continue his observations indoors ( Correspondence  vol. 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] …
  • … two letters to the  Athenæum  ( Correspondence  vol. 11). Darwin’s anxiety about the matter was …
  • … and the question of human origins ( Correspondence vol. 11). Wallace, however, traced a possible …

Thomas Rivers

Summary

Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … crumbs of knowledge out of your wealth of information? ( 11 January [1863] ) Rivers and …
  • … Purpose”. When this letter was first published in volume 11 of the Correspondence, our transcription …

Darwin and Religion

Summary

When Darwin published On the Origin of Species, was there a clear cut division between those who supported science and those who supported God? Find out how Darwin’s letters reveal a complex reaction from all sides and a desire from Darwin to keep his…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Pupils explore the reaction to Darwin’s findings as evidenced through his letters. Activities …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … be a good wife I have indeed neglected my 10 talents. 11 July 5th. A beautiful day …
  • … . 10 Bradshaw’s railway guide . 11 For the biblical parable of the talents …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Key letters: Letter to J. S. Henslow, 11 April 1833 Letter to C. R. Lyell, 11
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