The editor and journal to which CD sent this letter have not been identified; however, in 1911, this letter was discovered among the papers of John Malcolm Forbes Ludlow, a Christian socialist with an extensive acquaintance (DNB; see ‘Samuel Butler’s lost dialogue’, Press, 1 June 1912). See also n. 3, below.

The year is conjectured from the reference to Samuel Butler’s article (see n. 3, below).

CD refers to Butler’s anonymous article entitled ‘Darwin on the origin of species: a dialogue’, which was published in the Press of Christchurch, New Zealand, on 20 December 1862. The article, which was Butler’s first published statement on evolution, presented a sympathetic exposition of CD’s theory in dialogue form. It caused some controversy, and Butler wrote several letters to the newspaper in defence of his earlier piece, which are reproduced together with the original article in S. Butler 1923, pp. 188–207. CD had been sent a copy of the article anonymously, and thought that it might have been written by Julius von Haast (see letter to Julius von Haast, 18 July [1863]); Haast apparently informed CD of the true identity of the author (see letter from Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker, [7 December 1863]). There is an annotated copy of the article in CD’s Scrapbook of reviews (DAR 226.1: 131–2), identifying Butler as the author. The article was apparently not reprinted in any contemporary journal (see Harkness 1955).

New Zealand became a British colony in May 1841, and was governed as a Crown Colony until 1852, when the New Zealand Constitution Act established a General Assembly. CD may refer to the formation in 1850 of the Canterbury Settlement (of which Christchurch was the main town) by the New Zealand Company. See Gardner 1992.