My dear William

I was very glad to get your last capital note on Expression.—²

Please attend to following point, & if it will not bother M^r. Langstaff, call his attention to it.³

D^r. Piderit, a German who has written book on expression, makes a great fuss on importance of the “depressor alæ nasi” in the expression of Crying.⁴

This muscle draws down & contracts the alæ of the nose. He says that its action is main characteristic of crying as opposed to laughing!! Now I think I know the pinched & drawn down look of the nose of a child who has blubbered long; but I also think that I know the look in a child with a bad cold & nose running.

M^r L. could observe this. I suspect the meaning is to contract the nostrils & thus to prevent the mucus & tears (which pass down the inside of nose) spreading over & irritating whole surface of upper lip.⁵ You are very right ⁠⟨⁠third of a page excised⁠⟩⁠

⁠⟨⁠    ⁠⟩⁠ Platysma during very ⁠⟨⁠    ⁠⟩⁠ Dyspnoea.—⁶